DT-Web

DB00133 - L-Serine


Identification
Name L-Serine
Accession Number DB00133 (DB03375, NUTR00053)
Type small molecule
Description A non-essential amino acid occurring in natural form as the L-isomer. It is synthesized from glycine or threonine. It is involved in the biosynthesis of purines; pyrimidines; and other amino acids. [PubChem]
Structure
MOL SDF PDB SMILES InChI
Categories (*)
Molecular Weight 105.0926
Groups approved
Monoisotopic Weight 105.042593095
Pharmacology
Indication Used as a natural moisturizing agent in some cosmetics and skin care products.
Mechanism of action L-Serine plays a role in cell growth and development (cellular proliferation). The conversion of L-serine to glycine by serine hydroxymethyltransferase results in the formation of the one-carbon units necessary for the synthesis of the purine bases, adenine and guanine. These bases when linked to the phosphate ester of pentose sugars are essential components of DNA and RNA and the end products of energy producing metabolic pathways, ATP and GTP. In addition, L-serine conversion to glycine via this same enzyme provides the one-carbon units necessary for production of the pyrimidine nucleotide, deoxythymidine monophosphate, also an essential component of DNA.
Absorption Not Available
Protein binding Not Available
Biotransformation Not Available
Route of elimination Not Available
Toxicity Not Available
Affected organisms
  • Humans and other mammals
Interactions
Drug Interactions Not Available
Food Interactions Not Available

Targets


Cystathionine beta-synthase
Name Cystathionine beta-synthase
Gene Name CBS
Pharmacological action unknown
Actions Not Available
References
  • Sen S, Banerjee R: A pathogenic linked mutation in the catalytic core of human cystathionine beta-synthase disrupts allosteric regulation and allows kinetic characterization of a full-length dimer. Biochemistry. 2007 Apr 3;46(13):4110-6. Epub 2007 Mar 13. - Pubmed
  • Qu K, Lee SW, Bian JS, Low CM, Wong PT: Hydrogen sulfide: Neurochemistry and neurobiology. Neurochem Int. 2007 Jun 8;. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 0.5957
L-serine dehydratase
Name L-serine dehydratase
Gene Name SDS
Pharmacological action unknown
Actions Not Available
References
  • Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. - Pubmed
  • Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. - Pubmed
  • Velayudhan J, Jones MA, Barrow PA, Kelly DJ: L-serine catabolism via an oxygen-labile L-serine dehydratase is essential for colonization of the avian gut by Campylobacter jejuni. Infect Immun. 2004 Jan;72(1):260-8. - Pubmed
  • Snell K, Walker DG: Regulation of hepatic L-serine dehydratase and L-serine-pyruvate aminotransferase in the developing neonatal rat. Biochem J. 1974 Dec;144(3):519-31. - Pubmed
  • Wong HC, Lessie TG: Hydroxy amino acid metabolism in Pseudomonas cepacia: role of L-serine deaminase in dissimilation of serine, glycine, and threonine. J Bacteriol. 1979 Oct;140(1):240-5. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 0.6286
Serine racemase
Name Serine racemase
Gene Name SRR
Pharmacological action unknown
Actions Not Available
References
  • Fujitani Y, Horiuchi T, Ito K, Sugimoto M: Serine racemases from barley, Hordeum vulgare L., and other plant species represent a distinct eukaryotic group: gene cloning and recombinant protein characterization. Phytochemistry. 2007 Jun;68(11):1530-6. Epub 2007 May 17. - Pubmed
  • Ying-Luan Z, Zhao YL, Mori H: [Role of D-serine in the mammalian brain] Brain Nerve. 2007 Jul;59(7):725-30. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 0.6285
Serine palmitoyltransferase 2
Name Serine palmitoyltransferase 2
Gene Name SPTLC2
Pharmacological action unknown
Actions Not Available
References
  • Yard BA, Carter LG, Johnson KA, Overton IM, Dorward M, Liu H, McMahon SA, Oke M, Puech D, Barton GJ, Naismith JH, Campopiano DJ: The structure of serine palmitoyltransferase; gateway to sphingolipid biosynthesis. J Mol Biol. 2007 Jul 27;370(5):870-86. Epub 2007 May 10. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 0.6282
Serine palmitoyltransferase 1
Name Serine palmitoyltransferase 1
Gene Name SPTLC1
Pharmacological action unknown
Actions Not Available
References
  • Yard BA, Carter LG, Johnson KA, Overton IM, Dorward M, Liu H, McMahon SA, Oke M, Puech D, Barton GJ, Naismith JH, Campopiano DJ: The structure of serine palmitoyltransferase; gateway to sphingolipid biosynthesis. J Mol Biol. 2007 Jul 27;370(5):870-86. Epub 2007 May 10. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 0.6283
Seryl-tRNA synthetase, cytoplasmic
Name Seryl-tRNA synthetase, cytoplasmic
Gene Name SARS
Pharmacological action unknown
Actions Not Available
References
  • Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. - Pubmed
  • Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. - Pubmed
  • Zhang Y, Cui J, Zhang R, Wang Y, Hong M: A novel fibrinolytic serine protease from the polychaete Nereis (Neanthes) virens (Sars): purification and characterization. Biochimie. 2007 Jan;89(1):93-103. Epub 2006 Aug 22. - Pubmed
  • Follis KE, York J, Nunberg JH: Serine-scanning mutagenesis studies of the C-terminal heptad repeats in the SARS coronavirus S glycoprotein highlight the important role of the short helical region. Virology. 2005 Oct 10;341(1):122-9. - Pubmed
  • McClendon CL, Vaidehi N, Kam VW, Zhang D, Goddard WA 3rd: Fidelity of seryl-tRNA synthetase to binding of natural amino acids from HierDock first principles computations. Protein Eng Des Sel. 2006 May;19(5):195-203. Epub 2006 Mar 3. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 0.7318
Serine--pyruvate aminotransferase
Name Serine--pyruvate aminotransferase
Gene Name AGXT
Pharmacological action unknown
Actions Not Available
References
  • Ikushiro H, Islam MM, Tojo H, Hayashi H: Molecular characterization of membrane-associated soluble serine palmitoyltransferases from Sphingobacterium multivorum and Bdellovibrio stolpii. J Bacteriol. 2007 Aug;189(15):5749-61. Epub 2007 Jun 8. - Pubmed
  • Cowart LA, Hannun YA: Selective substrate supply in the regulation of yeast de novo sphingolipid synthesis. J Biol Chem. 2007 Apr 20;282(16):12330-40. Epub 2007 Feb 23. - Pubmed
  • Son JH, Yoo HH, Kim DH: Activation of de novo synthetic pathway of ceramides is responsible for the initiation of hydrogen peroxide-induced apoptosis in HL-60 cells. J Toxicol Environ Health A. 2007 Aug;70(15-16):1310-8. - Pubmed
  • Yard BA, Carter LG, Johnson KA, Overton IM, Dorward M, Liu H, McMahon SA, Oke M, Puech D, Barton GJ, Naismith JH, Campopiano DJ: The structure of serine palmitoyltransferase; gateway to sphingolipid biosynthesis. J Mol Biol. 2007 Jul 27;370(5):870-86. Epub 2007 May 10. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 0.975

Transporters


Monocarboxylate transporter 10
Name Monocarboxylate transporter 10
Gene Name SLC16A10
Actions inhibitor
References
  • Kim DK, Kanai Y, Chairoungdua A, Matsuo H, Cha SH, Endou H: Expression cloning of a Na+-independent aromatic amino acid transporter with structural similarity to H+/monocarboxylate transporters. J Biol Chem. 2001 May 18;276(20):17221-8. Epub 2001 Feb 20. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 0.6191

Predictions


Id Partner name Gene Name Score
169 Cysteine desulfurase, mitochondrial NFS1 0.0841
89 Cysteine sulfinic acid decarboxylase CSAD 0.0695
301 Kynurenine--oxoglutarate transaminase 1 CCBL1 0.0663
3899 Alanine--glyoxylate aminotransferase 2-like 2 AGXT2L2 0.0652
114 Alanine--glyoxylate aminotransferase 2, mitochondrial AGXT2 0.065
534 Threonine synthase-like 1 THNSL1 0.0595
435 Kynureninase KYNU 0.0594
4654 Kynureninase kynU 0.0594
586 Aspartate aminotransferase, cytoplasmic GOT1 0.0581
574 Branched-chain-amino-acid aminotransferase, cytosolic BCAT1 0.0575
868 Cystathionine gamma-lyase CTH 0.0551
3 Histidine decarboxylase HDC 0.0546
735 Alanine aminotransferase 1 GPT 0.0543
3904 Alanine aminotransferase 2 GPT2 0.0543
763 Tyrosine aminotransferase TAT 0.053
5493 Tyrosine aminotransferase Not Available 0.053
3909 Hepatic peroxysomal alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase Not Available 0.0524
3914 Alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase homolog TLH6 0.0519
3906 Serine dehydratase-like SDSL 0.0518
575 2-amino-3-ketobutyrate coenzyme A ligase, mitochondrial GCAT 0.0517
3911 Uncharacterized protein C20orf38 SPTLC3 0.0517
455 5-aminolevulinate synthase, nonspecific, mitochondrial ALAS1 0.0517
681 Glycine dehydrogenase [decarboxylating], mitochondrial GLDC 0.0517
3915 Cysteine sulfinic acid decarboxylase-related protein 1 CSAD 0.0516
3881 Selenocysteine lyase variant Not Available 0.0516
3883 Ornithine aminotransferase variant Not Available 0.0516
3887 Phosphorylase PYGB 0.0516
306 Pyridoxal phosphate phosphatase PDXP 0.0516
3908 P-selectin cytoplasmic tail-associated protein pcap 0.0516
3891 Putative L-Dopa decarboxylase DDC 0.0516
3896 CDNA FLJ46802 fis, clone TRACH3032150, moderately similar to Cysteine sulfinic acid decarboxylase GADL1 0.0516
3893 DDC protein DDC 0.0516
3878 GAD1 protein GAD1 0.0516
3910 O-phosphoseryl-tRNA(Sec) selenium transferase SEPSECS 0.0516
3880 Serine hydroxymethyltransferase 1 Not Available 0.0516
855 Sphingosine-1-phosphate lyase 1 SGPL1 0.0516
3903 Aminolevulinate, delta-, synthase 2 ALAS2 0.0516
3886 Migration-inducing protein 4 ALAS1 0.0516
3894 KIAA0251 protein PDXDC1 0.0516
3905 Molybdenum cofactor sulfurase MOCOS 0.0516
3875 Glycogen phosphorylase, brain form PYGB 0.0516
3882 Brain glycogen phosphorylase variant Not Available 0.0516
280 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase, mitochondrial ABAT 0.0483
499 Arginine decarboxylase ADC 0.0469
449 Ornithine decarboxylase ODC1 0.0467
330 Spermidine synthase SRM 0.0463
3038 Spermidine synthase speE 0.0463
795 Branched-chain-amino-acid aminotransferase, mitochondrial BCAT2 0.0462
3884 SHMT2 protein SHMT2 0.0453
3901 SHMT2 protein SHMT2 0.0453
3885 Hypothetical protein DKFZp686P09201 DKFZp686P09201 0.0453
3879 Serine hydroxymethyltransferase 2 Not Available 0.0453
321 Serine hydroxymethyltransferase, mitochondrial SHMT2 0.0453
3874 Proline synthetase co-transcribed bacterial homolog protein PROSC 0.0453
245 Large neutral amino acids transporter small subunit 1 SLC7A5 0.0446
334 S-adenosylmethionine synthetase isoform type-2 MAT2A 0.0441
665 Phosphoserine aminotransferase PSAT1 0.0434
4652 Phosphoserine aminotransferase serC 0.0434
801 Kynurenine/alpha-aminoadipate aminotransferase mitochondrial AADAT 0.0434
3895 Kynurenine--oxoglutarate transaminase 3 CCBL2 0.0434
420 Glutamate decarboxylase 1 GAD1 0.0434
3900 Glutamate decarboxylase 1 GAD1 0.0434
3877 Growth-inhibiting protein 18 GIG18 0.0418
411 Glycine N-methyltransferase GNMT 0.0418
3876 Aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase DDC 0.0413
1566 Corticoliberin CRH 0.0413
3913 Glutamic acid decarboxylase GAD65 0.0408
426 Aspartate aminotransferase, mitochondrial GOT2 0.0397
453 S-adenosylmethionine synthetase isoform type-1 MAT1A 0.0384
367 Serine hydroxymethyltransferase, cytosolic SHMT1 0.0379
472 Ornithine aminotransferase, mitochondrial OAT 0.036
203 Pyridoxine-5'-phosphate oxidase PNPO 0.0356
914 Formimidoyltransferase-cyclodeaminase FTCD 0.0354
866 Large neutral amino acids transporter small subunit 2 SLC7A8 0.0323
113 S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase proenzyme AMD1 0.032
171 Cysteine dioxygenase CDO-1 0.0312
4064 Probable cysteinyl-tRNA synthetase, mitochondrial CARS2 0.0311
1314 Thiamine transporter 2 SLC19A3 0.0311
774 Cysteinyl-tRNA synthetase, cytoplasmic CARS 0.0311
1152 Glycogen phosphorylase, muscle form PYGM 0.031
2532 Pantoate--beta-alanine ligase panC 0.0285
207 Glutathione synthetase GSS 0.0284
5269 Glutathione synthetase gshB 0.0284
668 Glutamate--cysteine ligase regulatory subunit GCLM 0.0271
5492 Cystathionine gamma-synthase metB 0.027
5491 Methionine gamma-lyase mdeA 0.027
532 Neutral amino acid transporter A SLC1A4 0.026
4070 Probable alanyl-tRNA synthetase, mitochondrial AARS2 0.026
323 Alanyl-tRNA synthetase, cytoplasmic AARS 0.026
10 Glycogen phosphorylase, liver form PYGL 0.026
199 Monocarboxylate transporter 8 SLC16A2 0.0258
626 Cysteine dioxygenase type 1 CDO1 0.0249
6645 D-amino-acid oxidase DAO 0.0245
1999 Methylated-DNA--protein-cysteine methyltransferase MGMT 0.0243
186 Glutamate--cysteine ligase catalytic subunit GCLC 0.0238
593 Proton-coupled amino acid transporter 1 SLC36A1 0.0237
3810 Catechol O-methyltransferase COMT 0.0236
5925 Neuropeptide Y NPY 0.0231
314 System N amino acid transporter 1 SLC38A3 0.0229
4823 L-allo-threonine aldolase TM_1744 0.0218
2758 Adenosylmethionine-8-amino-7-oxononanoate aminotransferase bioA 0.0215
4069 Threonyl-tRNA synthetase, mitochondrial TARS2 0.0197
261 Threonyl-tRNA synthetase, cytoplasmic TARS 0.0197
246 Valyl-tRNA synthetase VARS 0.0196
5469 Head decoration protein shp 0.0168
2457 Bacillolysin nprS 0.016
2249 Aspartate aminotransferase aspC 0.0159
2671 Aspartate aminotransferase aspC 0.0159
5490 Aspartate aminotransferase Not Available 0.0159
601 Propionyl-CoA carboxylase beta chain, mitochondrial PCCB 0.0157
6013 Cytochrome P450 2E1 CYP2E1 0.0156
676 Tyrosine 3-monooxygenase TH 0.0149
815 Histidyl-tRNA synthetase, cytoplasmic HARS 0.0147
96 Histidine ammonia-lyase HAL 0.0147
6257 Histidine ammonia-lyase Not Available 0.0147
6536 Histidine ammonia-lyase hutH 0.0147
2461 D-alanyl-D-alanine carboxypeptidase Not Available 0.0147
5756 D-alanyl-D-alanine carboxypeptidase dac 0.0147
38 Cystinosin CTNS 0.0141
3998 B(0,+)-type amino acid transporter 1 SLC7A9 0.0141
1963 Neutral and basic amino acid transport protein rBAT SLC3A1 0.0141
150 Cationic amino acid transporter 3 SLC7A3 0.0137
235 High-affinity cationic amino acid transporter 1 SLC7A1 0.0137
58 Cationic amino acid transporter 4 SLC7A4 0.0137
482 Glycine receptor subunit alpha-1 GLRA1 0.0136
471 Sodium- and chloride-dependent neutral and basic amino acid transporter B(0+) SLC6A14 0.0134
399 Tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase, mitochondrial YARS2 0.0127
242 Asparagine synthetase [glutamine-hydrolyzing] ASNS 0.0124
3977 ASRGL1 protein ASRGL1 0.0121
263 Neutral amino acid transporter B(0) SLC1A5 0.0119
701 Isoleucine-tRNA synthetase IARS 0.011
546 Isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase, cytoplasmic IARS 0.011
4080 Isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase, mitochondrial IARS2 0.011
221 Lysyl-tRNA synthetase KARS 0.0109
4092 Probable asparaginyl-tRNA synthetase, mitochondrial NARS2 0.0107
669 Asparaginyl-tRNA synthetase, cytoplasmic NARS 0.0107
401 Glutamate [NMDA] receptor subunit zeta-1 GRIN1 0.0103
4059 Glycine N-acyltransferase-like protein 1 GLYATL1 0.0102
4058 Glycine N-acyltransferase-like protein 2 GLYATL2 0.0102
4057 Glycine N-acyltransferase GLYAT 0.0102
4056 N-arachidonyl glycine receptor GPR18 0.0102
4061 Peroxisomal sarcosine oxidase PIPOX 0.0102
4055 Bile acid CoA:amino acid N-acyltransferase BAAT 0.0102
4060 Vesicular inhibitory amino acid transporter SLC32A1 0.0102
1088 5-aminolevulinate synthase, erythroid-specific, mitochondrial ALAS2 0.0102
1236 Sodium- and chloride-dependent glycine transporter 1 SLC6A9 0.0102
4062 Sodium- and chloride-dependent glycine transporter 2 SLC6A5 0.0102
1466 Glycyl-tRNA synthetase GARS 0.0102
5650 NimA-related protein DR_0842 0.0101
33 Cystine/glutamate transporter SLC7A11 0.0098
501 Leucine carboxyl methyltransferase 1 LCMT1 0.0097
675 Leucine carboxyl methyltransferase 2 LCMT2 0.0097
846 Leucyl-tRNA synthetase, cytoplasmic LARS 0.0097
227 Probable leucyl-tRNA synthetase, mitochondrial LARS2 0.0097
42 Phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase alpha chain FARSA 0.0096
6602 Phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase alpha chain pheS 0.0096
31 Phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase, mitochondrial FARS2 0.0096
618 Phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase beta chain FARSB 0.0096
6603 Phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase beta chain pheT 0.0096
619 Low-affinity cationic amino acid transporter 2 SLC7A2 0.0095
630 Short/branched chain specific acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, mitochondrial ACADSB 0.0093
828 Phenylalanine-4-hydroxylase PAH 0.0092
3109 Phenylalanine-4-hydroxylase phhA 0.0092
256 Tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase, cytoplasmic YARS 0.0089
500 Monocarboxylate transporter 4 SLC16A3 0.0087
489 Monocarboxylate transporter 2 SLC16A7 0.0086
4054 Glycine cleavage system H protein, mitochondrial GCSH 0.0083
62 Glycine receptor subunit beta GLRB 0.0078
3254 Bifunctional protein putA [Includes: Proline dehydrogenase putA 0.0077
6152 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2A1 SLCO2A1 0.0076
738 Monocarboxylate transporter 1 SLC16A1 0.0076
383 Glycine amidinotransferase, mitochondrial GATM 0.0075
833 Organic cation/carnitine transporter 1 SLC22A4 0.0075
505 Glutamate [NMDA] receptor subunit epsilon-3 GRIN2C 0.0075
90 Tryptophan 5-hydroxylase 2 TPH2 0.0073
4063 Tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase, mitochondrial WARS2 0.0073
591 Glutamate [NMDA] receptor subunit 3B GRIN3B 0.0069
740 Argininosuccinate synthase ASS1 0.0067
865 Argininosuccinate synthase ASS1 0.0067
2680 Argininosuccinate synthase argG 0.0067
3194 Argininosuccinate synthase argG 0.0067
594 Thyroxine-binding globulin SERPINA7 0.0066
820 Glycine receptor subunit alpha-2 GLRA2 0.0063
837 Glutamate [NMDA] receptor subunit epsilon-1 GRIN2A 0.0063
461 Glycine receptor subunit alpha-3 GLRA3 0.0063
758 Thyroid hormone receptor alpha THRA 0.0061
252 Tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase, cytoplasmic WARS 0.0059
765 Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase IDO1 0.0059
2452 Tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase trpS 0.0056
134 Tryptophan 5-hydroxylase 1 TPH1 0.0055
346 Thyroid hormone receptor beta-1 THRB 0.0054
6012 Tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase TDO2 0.0053
3426 Glutamine synthetase glnA 0.0052
3987 Glutamine synthetase GLUL 0.0052
834 Arginase-2, mitochondrial ARG2 0.0051
6150 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 4C1 SLCO4C1 0.0051
6153 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 4A1 SLCO4A1 0.005
577 Argininosuccinate lyase ASL 0.0049
3971 CAD protein [Includes: Glutamine-dependent carbamoyl-phosphate synthase CAD 0.0049
480 Methionine-R-sulfoxide reductase B2 MSRB2 0.0048
317 Methionine-R-sulfoxide reductase SEPX1 0.0048
3996 Betaine--homocysteine S-methyltransferase 2 BHMT2 0.0048
3921 Methionine adenosyltransferase 2 subunit beta MAT2B 0.0048
3995 Methionyl-tRNA synthetase, mitochondrial MARS2 0.0048
600 Methionyl-tRNA synthetase, cytoplasmic MARS 0.0048
6141 Sodium/bile acid cotransporter SLC10A1 0.0046
6158 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1C1 SLCO1C1 0.0045
7 Nitric oxide synthase, inducible NOS2 0.0043
291 Nitric-oxide synthase, endothelial NOS3 0.0042
397 Monocarboxylate transporter 3 SLC16A8 0.0041
218 Monocarboxylate transporter 5 SLC16A4 0.0041
195 Monocarboxylate transporter 7 SLC16A6 0.0041
1632 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2B1 SLCO2B1 0.0041
429 Monocarboxylate transporter 6 SLC16A5 0.0041
4943 Cytochrome c6 petJ 0.0041
4934 Cytochrome c-551 nirM 0.0041
5218 Cytochrome c-551 nirM 0.0041
4936 Cytochrome c2 iso-2 Not Available 0.0041
4981 Iron-starvation protein PigA pigA 0.0041
4994 Hemoglobin-like protein HbO glbO 0.0041
4915 Cytochrome c-550 psbV 0.0041
4959 Cytochrome c-550 psbV 0.0041
5216 Cytochrome c-550 psbV 0.0041
4925 Cytochrome c-type protein SHP shp 0.0041
4998 Hemoglobin-like protein yjbI yjbI 0.0041
4905 Cytochrome c2 Not Available 0.0041
4939 Cytochrome c2 cycA 0.0041
4964 Cytochrome c2 cycA 0.0041
4979 Cytochrome c2 cycA 0.0041
6673 Cytochrome c2 cycA 0.0041
4909 CooA protein cooA 0.0041
4947 Bacterial hemoglobin vhb 0.0041
4975 Cytochrome c-556 RPA3973 0.0041
4984 Neuroglobin NGB 0.0041
3116 Bacterioferritin bfr 0.0041
4906 Bacterioferritin bfr 0.0041
4965 Bacterioferritin bfr 0.0041
4954 Soluble cytochrome b558 Not Available 0.0041
4961 Hemophore HasA hasA 0.0041
4910 Cytoglobin CYGB 0.0041
4976 Apocytochrome f petA 0.0041
6407 Apocytochrome f petA 0.0041
4916 Cyanoglobin glbN 0.0041
5000 HemO hemO 0.0041
4935 Cytochrome c-554 cycA1 0.0041
644 Heme oxygenase 2 HMOX2 0.0041
4982 Heme oxygenase 2 pbsA2 0.0041
4942 Diheme cytochrome c napB napB 0.0041
4931 Cytochrome P450 167A1 CYP167A1 0.0041
4922 Cytochrome c, putative SO_4144 0.0041
4971 Nonaheme cytochrome c hmcA 0.0041
4989 Cytochrome c551 peroxidase ccp 0.0041
5222 Cytochrome c551 peroxidase ccpA 0.0041
4904 Cytochrome c family protein GSU1996 0.0041
4907 Cytochrome c-L moxG 0.0041
6865 Cytochrome c-L moxG 0.0041
4999 Cytochrome P450 165B3 CYP165B3 0.0041
4972 P450cin cinA 0.0041
4764 Cytochrome P450 165C4 CYP165C4 0.0041
4960 Putative cytochrome P450-family protein SCO7417 0.0041
4926 Heme-based aerotactic transducer hemAT hemAT 0.0041
4952 Catalase/peroxidase katA 0.0041
3093 Catalase HPII katE 0.0041
4970 Cytochrome c nitrite reductase catalytic subunit nrfA 0.0041
4937 Cytochrome oxidase subunit II rcoxA 0.0041
4993 Hydroxylamine oxidoreductase hao1 0.0041
4903 Methyl-accepting chemotaxis protein Tar4 0.0041
4908 Heme-regulated cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase dosP 0.0041
191 Peptide methionine sulfoxide reductase MSRA 0.0041
587 Serum albumin ALB 0.004
373 Transthyretin TTR 0.004
6157 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B3 SLCO1B3 0.004
941 Betaine--homocysteine S-methyltransferase 1 BHMT 0.0039
52 Pyruvate kinase isozymes R/L PKLR 0.0035
1490 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1 SLCO1B1 0.0035
4085 Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase C PPIC 0.0035
4088 Probable prolyl-tRNA synthetase, mitochondrial PARS2 0.0035
4083 Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase H PPIH 0.0035
4087 Pyrroline 5-carboxylate reductase isoform P5CR2 0.0035
4090 Chromosome 14 open reading frame 149 C14orf149 0.0035
4082 Proline oxidase, mitochondrial PRODH 0.0035
797 Sodium-dependent proline transporter SLC6A7 0.0035
4086 Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase G PPIG 0.0035
3991 Glutamine-dependent NAD(+) synthetase NADSYN1 0.0034
3984 Probable glutamyl-tRNA(Gln) amidotransferase subunit B, mitochondrial PET112L 0.0034
5 Glutaminase liver isoform, mitochondrial GLS2 0.0034
917 Glutaminase kidney isoform, mitochondrial GLS 0.0034
355 GMP synthase [glutamine-hydrolyzing] GMPS 0.0034
4353 GMP synthase [glutamine-hydrolyzing] guaA 0.0034
3982 Phosphoribosylformylglycinamidine synthase PFAS 0.0034
5261 Phosphoribosylformylglycinamidine synthase purL 0.0034
6139 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A2 SLCO1A2 0.0034
110 Pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component subunit beta, mitochondrial PDHB 0.0034
771 Pyruvate carboxylase, mitochondrial PC 0.0034
1517 Beta-3 adrenergic receptor ADRB3 0.0034
6142 Solute carrier family 22 member 8 SLC22A8 0.0033
1671 Excitatory amino acid transporter 3 SLC1A1 0.0033
840 Methionine synthase reductase, mitochondrial MTRR 0.0033
163 D(1B) dopamine receptor DRD5 0.0032
4037 Hypothetical protein GPX1 0.0032
4297 Hypothetical protein SP_1951 0.0032
4521 Hypothetical protein BC_2969 0.0032
4540 Hypothetical protein TM_1070 0.0032
4555 Hypothetical protein MT1739 0.0032
4569 Hypothetical protein mshD 0.0032
4578 Hypothetical protein PA3270 0.0032
4747 Hypothetical protein PA3967 0.0032
5177 Hypothetical protein TM_0096 0.0032
5194 Hypothetical protein PA1204 0.0032
5240 Hypothetical protein Rv2991 0.0032
5370 Hypothetical protein TM_1158 0.0032
5710 Hypothetical protein Tb927.5.1360 0.0032
98 Pyruvate kinase isozymes M1/M2 PKM2 0.0032
210 Bifunctional aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase [Includes: Glutamyl-tRNA synthetase EPRS 0.0031
2632 Adenylosuccinate synthetase purA 0.0031
3323 Adenylosuccinate synthetase purA 0.0031
3975 Adenylosuccinate synthetase ADSS 0.0031
4598 Adenylosuccinate synthetase Adss 0.0031
6817 Adenylosuccinate synthetase purA 0.0031
3972 Adenylosuccinate synthetase isozyme 2 ADSS 0.0031
533 Aminoacylase-1 ACY1 0.0031
3969 Multifunctional protein ADE2 [Includes: Phosphoribosylaminoimidazole- succinocarboxamide synthase PAICS 0.0031
799 Aspartyl-tRNA synthetase, cytoplasmic DARS 0.0031
209 Aspartoacylase ASPA 0.0031
3979 Aspartoacylase-2 ACY3 0.0031
3976 Aspartyl-tRNA synthetase, mitochondrial DARS2 0.0031
513 Calcium-binding mitochondrial carrier protein Aralar2 SLC25A13 0.0031
305 Mitochondrial aspartate-glutamate carrier protein SLC25A13 0.0031
262 Calcium-binding mitochondrial carrier protein Aralar1 SLC25A12 0.0031
4289 Cytochrome P450 TT_P0059 0.0031
6262 Cytochrome P450 staP 0.0031
4992 Cytochrome c peroxidase Not Available 0.0031
809 Methionine synthase MTR 0.0031
2935 Methionine synthase metH 0.0031
4920 Peroxidase/catalase katG 0.0031
3570 Cytochrome P450 152A1 cypC 0.003
432 D(4) dopamine receptor DRD4 0.003
4990 PpcA ppcA 0.003
4923 Cytochrome c3 DvMF_2499 0.003
4945 Cytochrome c3 Not Available 0.003
4949 Cytochrome c3 DVU_3171 0.003
4968 Cytochrome c3 cytc3 0.003
4997 Cytochrome c3 SO_2727 0.003
5219 Cytochrome c3 cyd 0.003
4948 Cytochrome c-553 Not Available 0.003
4902 Nine-heme cytochrome c Ddes_2038 0.003
3189 High-molecular-weight cytochrome c hmcA 0.003
4813 Heme oxygenase hmuO 0.003
5769 Heme oxygenase Not Available 0.003
4956 Quinohemoprotein alcohol dehydrogenase ADH IIB qbdA 0.003
2230 Catalase CAT 0.003
3249 Catalase katA 0.003
3625 Catalase katA 0.003
4539 Catalase katA 0.003
4941 Catalase katB 0.003
4988 Sulfite oxidase, mitochondrial SUOX 0.003
2119 Cytochrome b5 CYB5A 0.003
2915 Sensor protein fixL fixL 0.003
4944 Sensor protein fixL fixL 0.003
3375 Acidic cytochrome c3 Not Available 0.003
4385 Cytochrome c' Not Available 0.003
4967 Cytochrome c' cycA 0.003
5038 Cytochrome c' Not Available 0.003
5223 Cytochrome c' cycP 0.003
4084 Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase B PPIB 0.003
638 D(3) dopamine receptor DRD3 0.0029
4000 Prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit alpha-2 P4HA2 0.0029
1008 CTP synthase 1 CTPS 0.0029
3988 Protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase K TGM1 0.0029
3985 Glucosamine--fructose-6-phosphate aminotransferase [isomerizing] 2 GFPT2 0.0029
3990 Protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase 4 TGM4 0.0029
3986 Protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase 6 TGM6 0.0029
3992 Protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase Z TGM7 0.0029
3983 Protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase 5 TGM5 0.0029
3989 Glutaminyl-tRNA synthetase QARS 0.0029
2617 Nitric oxide synthase oxygenase nos 0.0027
2701 Nitric oxide synthase oxygenase nos 0.0027
1539 Oligopeptide transporter, small intestine isoform SLC15A1 0.0027
248 Pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase 1 PYCR1 0.0027
802 Pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase 2 PYCR2 0.0027
585 Aspartyl/asparaginyl beta-hydroxylase ASPH 0.0027
2554 Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase, mitochondrial PPIF 0.0027
518 Peroxidase/catalase T katG 0.0026
3670 Soluble cytochrome b562 precursor cybC 0.0026
2795 Methionine aminopeptidase 2 METAP2 0.0026
23 D(1A) dopamine receptor DRD1 0.0026
3291 Cytochrome c-552 cycA 0.0026
4927 Cytochrome c-552 nrfA 0.0026
4938 Cytochrome c-552 cycA 0.0026
4953 Cytochrome c-552 nrfA 0.0026
5217 Cytochrome c-552 cycM 0.0026
3102 Flavohemoprotein hmp 0.0026
4969 Flavohemoprotein hmp 0.0026
4386 Hemoglobin-like protein HbN glbN 0.0026
3411 Cytochrome P450 121 cyp121 0.0026
3917 Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase MTHFR 0.0026
789 Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor ADRA1D 0.0026
3949 Prolyl 3-hydroxylase 2 LEPREL1 0.0025
3945 Prolyl 3-hydroxylase 1 LEPRE1 0.0025
3951 Prolyl 3-hydroxylase 3 LEPREL2 0.0025
378 Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor ADRA2C 0.0025
1588 Multidrug resistance protein 1 ABCB1 0.0025
831 D(2) dopamine receptor DRD2 0.0024
1596 Protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase 2 TGM2 0.0024
629 Alpha-2B adrenergic receptor ADRA2B 0.0024
2845 Bifunctional P-450:NADPH-P450 reductase CYP102A1 0.0024
118 Organic cation/carnitine transporter 2 SLC22A5 0.0024
605 Fumarate reductase flavoprotein subunit frdA 0.0024
2709 Fumarate reductase flavoprotein subunit SO_0970 0.0024
3673 Fumarate reductase flavoprotein subunit fccA 0.0024
4912 Fumarate reductase flavoprotein subunit ifcA 0.0024
6549 Fumarate reductase flavoprotein subunit frdA 0.0024
3221 Cytochrome c4 cc4 0.0024
193 Beta-1 adrenergic receptor ADRB1 0.0024
3127 Nitrite reductase nirS 0.0024
3284 Nitrite reductase nirS 0.0024
2972 6-deoxyerythronolide B hydroxylase eryF 0.0024
6 Coagulation factor XIII A chain F13A1 0.0024
67 Prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit alpha-1 P4HA1 0.0023
766 Beta-2 adrenergic receptor ADRB2 0.0023
4924 Cytochrome P450 2C8 CYP2C8 0.0023
1524 Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase A PPIA 0.0023
6700 Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase A ppiA 0.0023
632 Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor ADRA1B 0.0023
540 Sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter SLC6A2 0.0023
413 Amidophosphoribosyltransferase PPAT 0.0023
2515 Amidophosphoribosyltransferase purF 0.0023
3714 Amidophosphoribosyltransferase purF 0.0023
4608 Putative cytochrome P450 SCO1207 0.0022
4963 Putative cytochrome P450 SCO2884 0.0022
6254 Putative cytochrome P450 SCO6998 0.0022
318 Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor ADRA2A 0.0022
1507 Cytochrome c CYCS 0.0021
3978 Adenylosuccinate synthetase isozyme 1 ADSSL1 0.0021
260 Cytochrome P450 51 ERG11 0.002
761 Cytochrome P450 51 ERG11 0.002
3163 Cytochrome P450 51 cyp51 0.002
556 Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor ADRA1A 0.002
2339 Protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase E TGM3 0.002
693 Hemoglobin subunit beta HBB 0.002
6268 Hydroxyacid oxidase 1 HAO1 0.0019
810 Heme oxygenase 1 HMOX1 0.0019
3391 Heme oxygenase 1 pbsA1 0.0019
4119 Cytochrome P450 2D6 CYP2D6 0.0018
275 Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase ALOX5 0.0017
2298 Cytochrome P450-cam camC 0.0016
5682 Ribonuclease pancreatic RNASE1 0.0016
76 Nitric-oxide synthase, brain NOS1 0.0015
6106 Cytochrome P450 2C18 CYP2C18 0.0015
290 Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 PTGS2 0.0012
20 Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1 PTGS1 0.0012
6030 Cytochrome P450 2B6 CYP2B6 0.0011
4023 N-acetylglutamate synthase, mitochondrial NAGS 0.0011
4024 Mitochondrial glutamate carrier 2 SLC25A18 0.0011
4025 Mitochondrial glutamate carrier 1 SLC25A22 0.0011
4021 Probable glutamyl-tRNA synthetase, mitochondrial EARS2 0.0011
664 Glutamate decarboxylase 2 GAD2 0.0011
3890 Glutamate decarboxylase 2 GAD2 0.0011
4026 Aspartyl aminopeptidase DNPEP 0.0011
4022 Glutamate--ammonia ligase domain-containing protein 1 LGSN 0.0011
1912 Excitatory amino acid transporter 1 SLC1A3 0.0011
4016 Excitatory amino acid transporter 5 SLC1A7 0.0011
4019 Excitatory amino acid transporter 4 SLC1A6 0.0011
4017 5-oxoprolinase OPLAH 0.0011
1047 Excitatory amino acid transporter 2 SLC1A2 0.0011
926 Metabotropic glutamate receptor 7 GRM7 0.0011
920 Glutamate receptor, ionotropic kainate 5 GRIK5 0.0011
4018 Glutamate receptor delta-2 subunit GRID2 0.0011
915 Delta 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase ALDH18A1 0.0011
922 Glutamate receptor 4 GRIA4 0.0011
927 Metabotropic glutamate receptor 8 GRM8 0.0011
925 Metabotropic glutamate receptor 4 GRM4 0.0011
924 Glutamate receptor, ionotropic kainate 3 GRIK3 0.0011
919 Glutamate receptor, ionotropic kainate 4 GRIK4 0.0011
4020 Glutamyl aminopeptidase ENPEP 0.0011
4027 Glutamate receptor delta-1 subunit GRID1 0.0011
4757 Cytochrome P450 2C9 CYP2C9 0.0009
830 Glutamate dehydrogenase 2, mitochondrial GLUD2 0.0009
625 Glutamate carboxypeptidase 2 FOLH1 0.0009
382 Glutamate receptor, ionotropic kainate 1 GRIK1 0.0008
4512 Cytochrome P450 3A4 CYP3A4 0.0008
916 Metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 GRM1 0.0008
923 Glutamate receptor 3 GRIA3 0.0008
201 Glutamate dehydrogenase 1, mitochondrial GLUD1 0.0008
448 Vitamin K-dependent gamma-carboxylase GGCX 0.0008
83 Alpha-aminoadipic semialdehyde synthase, mitochondrial AASS 0.0008
773 Folylpolyglutamate synthase, mitochondrial FPGS 0.0007
439 Glutamate [NMDA] receptor subunit epsilon-4 GRIN2D 0.0007
705 Glutamate receptor 1 GRIA1 0.0006
464 Glutamate [NMDA] receptor subunit epsilon-2 GRIN2B 0.0006
706 Glutamate [NMDA] receptor subunit 3A GRIN3A 0.0005
918 Glutamate receptor, ionotropic kainate 2 GRIK2 0.0005
921 Glutamate receptor 2 GRIA2 0.0005
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