DT-Web: DB00421

Identification

Name

Spironolactone

Accession Number

DB00421 (APRD01234)

Type

small molecule

Description

A potassium sparing diuretic that acts by antagonism of aldosterone in the distal renal tubules. It is used mainly in the treatment of refractory edema in patients with congestive heart failure, nephrotic syndrome, or hepatic cirrhosis. Its effects on the endocrine system are utilized in the treatments of hirsutism and acne but they can lead to adverse effects. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p827)

Structure

MOL SDF PDB SMILES InChI

Categories ^(*)

Molecular Weight

416.573

Groups

approved

Monoisotopic Weight

416.202130202

Pharmacology

Indication

Used primarily to treat low-renin hypertension, hypokalemia, and Conn's syndrome.

Mechanism of action

Spironolactone is a specific pharmacologic antagonist of aldosterone, acting primarily through competitive binding of receptors at the aldosterone-dependent sodium-potassium exchange site in the distal convoluted renal tubule. Spironolactone causes increased amounts of sodium and water to be excreted, while potassium is retained. Spironolactone acts both as a diuretic and as an antihypertensive drug by this mechanism. It may be given alone or with other diuretic agents which act more proximally in the renal tubule. Aldosterone interacts with a cytoplasmic mineralocorticoid receptor to enhance the expression of the Na+, K+-ATPase and the Na+ channel involved in a Na+ K+ transport in the distal tubule . Spironolactone bind to this mineralcorticoid receptor, blocking the actions of aldosterone on gene expression. Aldosterone is a hormone; its primary function is to retain sodium and excrete potassium in the kidneys.

Absorption

Fairly rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Food increases the bioavailability of unmetabolized spironolactone by almost 100%.

Protein binding

Spironolactone and its metabolites are more than 90% bound to plasma proteins.

Biotransformation

Rapidly and extensively metabolized. The metabolic pathway of spironolactone is complex and can be divided into two main routes: those in which the sulfur moiety is retained and those in which the sulfur moiety is removed by dethioacetylation. Spironolactone is transformed to a reactive metabolite that can inactivate adrenal and testicular cytochrome P450 enzymes. It also has anti-androgenic activity.

Route of elimination

The metabolites are excreted primarily in the urine and secondarily in bile.

Toxicity

The oral LD₅₀ of spironolactone is greater than 1,000 mg/kg in mice, rats, and rabbits. Acute overdosage of spironolactone may be manifested by drowsiness, mental confusion, maculopapular or erythematous rash, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, or diarrhea. Spironolactone has been shown to be a tumorigen in chronic toxicity studies in rats.

Affected organisms

Humans and other mammals

Interactions

Drug Interactions

Drug	Mechanism of interaction
Benazepril	Increased risk of hyperkalemia
Candesartan	Increased risk of hyperkalemia
Captopril	Increased risk of hyperkalemia
Cholestyramine	Increased risk of acidosis and hyperkalemia
Cilazapril	Increased risk of hyperkalemia
Digoxin	Increased digoxin levels and decreased effect in presence of spironolactone
Enalapril	Increased risk of hyperkalemia
Eplerenone	This association presents an increased risk of hyperkalemia
Eprosartan	Increased risk of hyperkalemia
Fosinopril	Increased risk of hyperkalemia
Irbesartan	Increased risk of hyperkalemia
Lisinopril	Increased risk of hyperkalemia
Losartan	Increased risk of hyperkalemia
Mitotane	Spironolactone antagonizes the effect of mitotane
Perindopril	Increased risk of hyperkalemia
Polystyrene sulfonate	Risk of alkalosis in renal impairment
Potassium	Increased risk of hyperkalemia
Quinapril	Increased risk of hyperkalemia
Ramipril	Increased risk of hyperkalemia
Telmisartan	Telmisartan may increase the hyperkalemic effect of Spironolactone. Monitor for increased serum potassium concentrations during concomitant therapy.
Tobramycin	Increased risk of nephrotoxicity
Trandolapril	Increased risk of hyperkalemia. Monitor serum potassium levels.
Treprostinil	Additive hypotensive effect. Monitor antihypertensive therapy during concomitant use.

Food Interactions

Food increases the bioavailability of spironolactone by almost 100%.
Spironolactone may decrease the excretion of potassium. Salt substitutes containing potassium increase the risk of hyperkalemia.
Avoid alcohol.

Mineralocorticoid receptor
Name	Mineralocorticoid receptor
Gene Name	NR3C2
Pharmacological action	yes
Actions	antagonist
References	Sitruk-Ware R: Progestogens in hormonal replacement therapy: new molecules, risks, and benefits. Menopause. 2002 Jan-Feb;9(1):6-15. - Pubmed Rogerson FM, Yao YZ, Smith BJ, Dimopoulos N, Fuller PJ: Determinants of spironolactone binding specificity in the mineralocorticoid receptor. J Mol Endocrinol. 2003 Dec;31(3):573-82. - Pubmed Gertner RA, Klein JD, Bailey JL, Kim DU, Luo XH, Bagnasco SM, Sands JM: Aldosterone decreases UT-A1 urea transporter expression via the mineralocorticoid receptor. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2004 Mar;15(3):558-65. - Pubmed Frishman WH, Stier CT Jr: Aldosterone and aldosterone antagonism in systemic hypertension. Curr Hypertens Rep. 2004 Jun;6(3):195-200. - Pubmed Rogerson FM, Yao Y, Smith BJ, Fuller PJ: Differences in the determinants of eplerenone, spironolactone and aldosterone binding to the mineralocorticoid receptor. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 2004 Oct;31(10):704-9. - Pubmed Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. - Pubmed Sica DA: Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of mineralocorticoid blocking agents and their effects on potassium homeostasis. Heart Fail Rev. 2005 Jan;10(1):23-9. - Pubmed Rossi G, Boscaro M, Ronconi V, Funder JW: Aldosterone as a cardiovascular risk factor. Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2005 Apr;16(3):104-7. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score	0.4569
Androgen receptor
Name	Androgen receptor
Gene Name	AR
Pharmacological action	unknown
Actions	antagonist
References	Ye P, Yamashita T, Pollock DM, Sasano H, Rainey WE: Contrasting effects of eplerenone and spironolactone on adrenal cell steroidogenesis. Horm Metab Res. 2009 Jan;41(1):35-9. Epub 2008 Sep 25. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score	1.1148

Cytochrome P450 2C8
Name	Cytochrome P450 2C8
Gene Name	CYP2C8
Actions	inhibitor
References	Walsky RL, Gaman EA, Obach RS: Examination of 209 drugs for inhibition of cytochrome P450 2C8. J Clin Pharmacol. 2005 Jan;45(1):68-78. - Pubmed Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S, Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. Epub 2009 Nov 24. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score	0.2525
Cytochrome P450 11B1, mitochondrial
Name	Cytochrome P450 11B1, mitochondrial
Gene Name	CYP11B1
Actions	inhibitor,inducer
References	Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S, Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. Epub 2009 Nov 24. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score	0.2114

Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1
Name	Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1
Gene Name	ABCC2
Actions	inducer
References	Johnson DR, Klaassen CD: Regulation of rat multidrug resistance protein 2 by classes of prototypical microsomal enzyme inducers that activate distinct transcription pathways. Toxicol Sci. 2002 Jun;67(2):182-9. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score	0.2236
Multidrug resistance protein 1
Name	Multidrug resistance protein 1
Gene Name	ABCB1
Actions	inhibitor
References	Wang E, Lew K, Barecki M, Casciano CN, Clement RP, Johnson WW: Quantitative distinctions of active site molecular recognition by P-glycoprotein and cytochrome P450 3A4. Chem Res Toxicol. 2001 Dec;14(12):1596-603. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score	0.3859
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A2
Name	Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A2
Gene Name	SLCO1A2
Actions	inhibitor
References	Kanai N, Lu R, Bao Y, Wolkoff AW, Schuster VL: Transient expression of oatp organic anion transporter in mammalian cells: identification of candidate substrates. Am J Physiol. 1996 Feb;270(2 Pt 2):F319-25. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score	0.2492

Id	Partner name	Gene Name	Score
4512	Cytochrome P450 3A4	CYP3A4	0.254
4757	Cytochrome P450 2C9	CYP2C9	0.177
4118	Cytochrome P450 3A5	CYP3A5	0.1585
6016	Cytochrome P450 2C19	CYP2C19	0.1392
6023	Cytochrome P450 11B2, mitochondrial	CYP11B2	0.1326
6107	Cytochrome P450 3A7	CYP3A7	0.1291
4119	Cytochrome P450 2D6	CYP2D6	0.1285
3811	Cytochrome P450 19A1	CYP19A1	0.0998
4200	Cytochrome P450 1A2	CYP1A2	0.0979
1490	Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1	SLCO1B1	0.0921
1732	ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 2	ABCG2	0.0921
871	Glucocorticoid receptor	NR3C1	0.0884
6030	Cytochrome P450 2B6	CYP2B6	0.0872
614	Progesterone receptor	PGR	0.0816
756	Sex hormone-binding globulin	SHBG	0.0787
587	Serum albumin	ALB	0.0758
862	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 1	ABCC1	0.0701
776	Bile salt export pump	ABCB11	0.0696
380	Cytochrome P450 17A1	CYP17A1	0.0664
6013	Cytochrome P450 2E1	CYP2E1	0.0628
6157	Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B3	SLCO1B3	0.0576
1709	Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 2	ABCC3	0.057
6024	Cytochrome P450 1A1	CYP1A1	0.0566
5718	Cytochrome P450 2A6	CYP2A6	0.0534
6141	Sodium/bile acid cotransporter	SLC10A1	0.0511
1729	Solute carrier family 22 member 6	SLC22A6	0.0496
136	Estrogen receptor	ESR1	0.0484
6142	Solute carrier family 22 member 8	SLC22A8	0.0484
118	Organic cation/carnitine transporter 2	SLC22A5	0.0481
6022	UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-1	UGT1A1	0.0479
290	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	PTGS2	0.0472
2164	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	ABCC4	0.0448
6145	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	SLC22A1	0.0424
20	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1	PTGS1	0.0396
1898	Cytochrome P450 1B1	CYP1B1	0.0387
6017	Cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme, mitochondrial	CYP11A1	0.0375
232	Corticosteroid-binding globulin	SERPINA6	0.0373
364	Corticosteroid 11-beta-dehydrogenase isozyme 1	HSD11B1	0.0373
6143	Solute carrier family 22 member 7	SLC22A7	0.0368
269	Adrenodoxin, mitochondrial	FDX1	0.0358
1632	Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2B1	SLCO2B1	0.0346
6144	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	SLC22A2	0.0325
6228	Nuclear receptor coactivator 1	NCOA1	0.0319
3923	Cholinesterase	BCHE	0.0318
260	Cytochrome P450 51	ERG11	0.0315
761	Cytochrome P450 51	ERG11	0.0315
3163	Cytochrome P450 51	cyp51	0.0315
6158	Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1C1	SLCO1C1	0.0304
6178	UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B7	UGT2B7	0.0299
1181	Alpha-1-acid glycoprotein 1	ORM1	0.0297
6106	Cytochrome P450 2C18	CYP2C18	0.0293
1024	Solute carrier family 22 member 11	SLC22A11	0.0269
6140	Ileal sodium/bile acid cotransporter	SLC10A2	0.0264
6176	UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-3	UGT1A3	0.0256
4110	Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-2	CACNB2	0.0253
4115	Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D	CACNA1D	0.0252
478	Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C	CACNA1C	0.0246
4111	Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1S	CACNA1S	0.0244
6148	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 7	ABCC10	0.0223
70	Type-1 angiotensin II receptor	AGTR1	0.0223
631	3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase	HMGCR	0.0215
3387	3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase	mvaA	0.0215
33	Cystine/glutamate transporter	SLC7A11	0.0203
101	Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2	KCNH2	0.02
831	D(2) dopamine receptor	DRD2	0.0199
6150	Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 4C1	SLCO4C1	0.0199
6147	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	SLC22A3	0.0198
220	Sodium channel protein type 5 subunit alpha	SCN5A	0.0188
1539	Oligopeptide transporter, small intestine isoform	SLC15A1	0.0187
6220	Aryl hydrocarbon receptor	AHR	0.0187
103	Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1	CHRM1	0.0186
904	Glutathione S-transferase P	GSTP1	0.0182
833	Organic cation/carnitine transporter 1	SLC22A4	0.0181
731	HIV-1 protease	HIV-1 protease	0.0181
4112	Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-4	CACNB4	0.018
4114	Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-3	CACNB3	0.018
817	DNA topoisomerase 2-alpha	TOP2A	0.0179
3941	Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A	MAOA	0.0177
1680	Solute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 1	SLC2A1	0.0177
1284	Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 2	NR1I2	0.0173
244	Angiotensin-converting enzyme	ACE	0.0171
6137	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 6	ABCC6	0.0171
6018	UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-9	UGT1A9	0.0171
469	Annexin A1	ANXA1	0.017
4113	Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1F	CACNA1F	0.0168
6153	Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 4A1	SLCO4A1	0.0167
333	Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-1	CACNB1	0.0163
94	5-hydroxytryptamine 4 receptor	HTR4	0.016
4120	NADPH--cytochrome P450 reductase	POR	0.016
872	Gamma-aminobutyric-acid receptor subunit alpha-1	GABRA1	0.0158
13	Aminomethyltransferase, mitochondrial	AMT	0.0154
492	Histamine H1 receptor	HRH1	0.0154
462	Intermediate conductance calcium-activated potassium channel protein 4	KCNN4	0.0153
3810	Catechol O-methyltransferase	COMT	0.0153
477	DNA topoisomerase 4 subunit A	parC	0.0149
886	DNA topoisomerase 4 subunit A	parC	0.0149
6226	DNA topoisomerase 4 subunit A	parC	0.0149
6136	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 5	ABCC5	0.0149
964	Voltage-dependent T-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1H	CACNA1H	0.0148
723	Cytosolic phospholipase A2	PLA2G4A	0.0147
404	DNA gyrase subunit A	gyrA	0.0146
6224	DNA gyrase subunit A	gyrA	0.0146
3587	Gastrotropin	FABP6	0.0143
738	Monocarboxylate transporter 1	SLC16A1	0.0142
824	Sodium-dependent serotonin transporter	SLC6A4	0.0141
629	Alpha-2B adrenergic receptor	ADRA2B	0.0141
869	Estrogen receptor beta	ESR2	0.014
6241	Nuclear receptor coactivator 2	NCOA2	0.0136
373	Transthyretin	TTR	0.0135
238	Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma	PPARG	0.0132
381	Prolactin receptor	PRLR	0.013
4604	Liver carboxylesterase 1	CES1	0.0129
465	Calmodulin	CALM1	0.0128
468	Cytochrome P450 4A11	CYP4A11	0.0126
3939	Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B	MAOB	0.0126
617	Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2	CHRM2	0.0122
540	Sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter	SLC6A2	0.0121
556	Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor	ADRA1A	0.0121
6031	Cytochrome P450 3A43	CYP3A43	0.0117
6155	ATP-binding cassette transporter sub-family C member 11	ABCC11	0.0116
2298	Cytochrome P450-cam	camC	0.0114
762	Voltage-dependent calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta-1	CACNA2D1	0.0113
1435	Synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2A	SV2A	0.0112
3970	Voltage-dependent N-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1B	CACNA1B	0.0112
6160	Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 3A1	SLCO3A1	0.0111
467	Delta-type opioid receptor	OPRD1	0.0111
847	Mu-type opioid receptor	OPRM1	0.0109
696	Kappa-type opioid receptor	OPRK1	0.0109
2443	Azurin	azu	0.0108
650	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C3	AKR1C3	0.0105
24	Thymidylate synthase	TMP1	0.0105
359	Thymidylate synthase	TYMS	0.0105
2626	Thymidylate synthase	thyA	0.0105
2729	Thymidylate synthase	thyA	0.0105
5352	Thymidylate synthase	THYA	0.0105
806	Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase alpha-1 chain	ATP1A1	0.0102
502	5-hydroxytryptamine 2A receptor	HTR2A	0.0101
6182	Cytochrome P450 2J2	CYP2J2	0.01
193	Beta-1 adrenergic receptor	ADRB1	0.0099
1010	Cytochrome P450 51A1	CYP51A1	0.0098
3671	7-alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase	hdhA	0.0096
185	Vasopressin V1a receptor	AVPR1A	0.0096
2184	Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator	CFTR	0.0095
504	Mast/stem cell growth factor receptor	KIT	0.0095
594	Thyroxine-binding globulin	SERPINA7	0.0094
813	Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-2	CHRNA2	0.0094
4160	Voltage-dependent calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta-2	CACNA2D2	0.0094
158	Sodium channel protein type 1 subunit alpha	SCN1A	0.0094
6047	Calcium/calmodulin-dependent 3',5'-cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase 1A	PDE1A	0.0094
322	Vasopressin V2 receptor	AVPR2	0.0093
6167	Organic solute transporter subunit beta	OSTB	0.0093
6166	Organic solute transporter subunit alpha	OSTA	0.0093
15	Voltage-dependent T-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1I	CACNA1I	0.0093
6048	Troponin C, skeletal muscle	TNNC2	0.0092
567	Receptor tyrosine-protein kinase erbB-2	ERBB2	0.0092
230	ATP-binding cassette transporter sub-family C member 8	ABCC8	0.0089
5692	Calcium/calmodulin-dependent 3',5'-cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase 1B	PDE1B	0.0089
6085	Fatty acid-binding protein, intestinal	FABP2	0.0089
6101	Dimethylaniline monooxygenase [N-oxide-forming] 3	FMO3	0.0087
6180	UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B4	UGT2B4	0.0087
51	Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M3	CHRM3	0.0087
758	Thyroid hormone receptor alpha	THRA	0.0087
766	Beta-2 adrenergic receptor	ADRB2	0.0087
535	Voltage-dependent T-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1G	CACNA1G	0.0084
161	Tubulin beta chain	TUBB	0.0084
312	Tubulin beta chain	TUB2	0.0084
596	3-oxo-5-alpha-steroid 4-dehydrogenase 1	SRD5A1	0.0082
1561	Troponin C, slow skeletal and cardiac muscles	TNNC1	0.0082
844	Epidermal growth factor receptor	EGFR	0.0082
850	Vasopressin V1b receptor	AVPR1B	0.0081
29	Tubulin beta-1 chain	TUBB1	0.0081
275	Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase	ALOX5	0.0081
124	Histamine H2 receptor	HRH2	0.008
26	Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3	FLT4	0.0079
1192	Sulfotransferase 1A1	SULT1A1	0.0078
217	Estradiol 17-beta-dehydrogenase 1	HSD17B1	0.0078
952	Dipeptidyl peptidase 4	DPP4	0.0077
346	Thyroid hormone receptor beta-1	THRB	0.0077
320	5-hydroxytryptamine 1A receptor	HTR1A	0.0076
5934	Cytochrome P450 26A1	CYP26A1	0.0075
32	Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1	FLT1	0.0075
686	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C2	AKR1C2	0.0074
1974	Oligopeptide transporter, kidney isoform	SLC15A2	0.0074
908	Glutathione S-transferase theta-1	GSTT1	0.0074
2808	Chloramphenicol acetyltransferase 3	cat3	0.0073
274	Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5	CHRM5	0.0073
725	5-hydroxytryptamine 1D receptor	HTR1D	0.0073
885	5-hydroxytryptamine 1B receptor	HTR1B	0.0073
450	Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M4	CHRM4	0.0071
228	Beta platelet-derived growth factor receptor	PDGFRB	0.0071
632	Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor	ADRA1B	0.007
777	Tumor necrosis factor	TNF	0.007
1629	Transcription factor AP-1	JUN	0.007
341	5-hydroxytryptamine 3 receptor	HTR3A	0.007
407	Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2	KDR	0.0069
6104	Dimethylaniline monooxygenase [N-oxide-forming] 1	FMO1	0.0068
514	Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 6	KCNH6	0.0067
772	Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 7	KCNH7	0.0067
6149	Solute carrier family 22 member 10	SLC22A10	0.0067
273	Apoptosis regulator Bcl-2	BCL2	0.0067
2183	Fatty acid-binding protein, adipocyte	FABP4	0.0066
4238	50S ribosomal protein L4	rplD	0.0064
5578	50S ribosomal protein L4	rplD	0.0064
6173	50S ribosomal protein L4	rplD	0.0064
6219	50S ribosomal protein L4	rplD	0.0064
23	D(1A) dopamine receptor	DRD1	0.0064
1353	DNA topoisomerase 1	TOP1	0.0064
3552	DNA topoisomerase 1	topA	0.0064
3432	Multidrug-efflux transporter 1 regulator	bmrR	0.0063
4476	Mannitol dehydrogenase	mtlD	0.0063
1852	Microtubule-associated protein 2	MAP2	0.0063
580	Gamma-aminobutyric-acid receptor subunit alpha-3	GABRA3	0.0063
523	Gamma-aminobutyric-acid receptor subunit alpha-5	GABRA5	0.0063
1649	Small inducible cytokine A2	CCL2	0.0063
423	Gamma-aminobutyric-acid receptor subunit alpha-2	GABRA2	0.0063
3270	Elongation factor G	fusA	0.0062
558	Solute carrier family 12 member 1	SLC12A1	0.0062
950	Alpha platelet-derived growth factor receptor	PDGFRA	0.0061
1630	Integrin beta-2	ITGB2	0.006
365	Dihydrofolate reductase	DHFR	0.006
2381	Dihydrofolate reductase	DFR1	0.006
2833	Dihydrofolate reductase	Not Available	0.006
2931	Dihydrofolate reductase	folA	0.006
3544	Dihydrofolate reductase	folA	0.006
3682	Dihydrofolate reductase	folA	0.006
6642	Dihydrofolate reductase	folA	0.006
6756	Dihydrofolate reductase	dfrA	0.006
122	P2Y purinoceptor 12	P2RY12	0.006
4099	Gamma-aminobutyric-acid receptor subunit beta-3	GABRB3	0.0059
6177	UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-10	UGT1A10	0.0059
4237	50S ribosomal protein L22	rplV	0.0059
199	Monocarboxylate transporter 8	SLC16A2	0.0059
709	ATP-sensitive inward rectifier potassium channel 1	KCNJ1	0.0059
3947	Xanthine dehydrogenase/oxidase	XDH	0.0058
6931	Calcium-activated potassium channel subunit beta-1	KCNMB1	0.0058
6933	Calcium-activated potassium channel subunit beta-4	KCNMB4	0.0058
6932	Calcium-activated potassium channel subunit beta-3	KCNMB3	0.0058
6936	Small conductance calcium-activated potassium channel protein 3	KCNN3	0.0058
6934	Small conductance calcium-activated potassium channel protein 1	KCNN1	0.0058
6935	Small conductance calcium-activated potassium channel protein 2	KCNN2	0.0058
6025	UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-4	UGT1A4	0.0058
6181	UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-8	UGT1A8	0.0058
7	Nitric oxide synthase, inducible	NOS2	0.0058
80	Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha	PPARA	0.0057
17	Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase ABL1	ABL1	0.0057
318	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	ADRA2A	0.0057
789	Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor	ADRA1D	0.0057
165	FL cytokine receptor	FLT3	0.0056
6146	High affinity copper uptake protein 1	SLC31A1	0.0056
6040	6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, decarboxylating	PGD	0.0055
1291	cAMP response element-binding protein	CREB1	0.0055
778	Cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1	CYSLTR1	0.0055
40	RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase	RAF1	0.0055
226	Gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor	GNRHR	0.0054
5626	Nucleoside diphosphate kinase B	NME2	0.0054
4210	Toll-like receptor 4	TLR4	0.0053
6154	Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 1	SLC47A1	0.0053
2449	Tubulin alpha-3 chain	TUBA1A	0.0052
245	Large neutral amino acids transporter small subunit 1	SLC7A5	0.0052
1757	Myeloperoxidase	MPO	0.0052
5923	Microtubule-associated protein tau	MAPT	0.0051
5924	Microtubule-associated protein 4	MAP4	0.0051
2038	Inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit beta	IKBKB	0.0051
2539	Tubulin alpha-1 chain	TUBA4A	0.005
436	5-hydroxytryptamine 2B receptor	HTR2B	0.005
6163	Copper-transporting ATPase 2	ATP7B	0.005
6165	Copper-transporting ATPase 1	ATP7A	0.005
1517	Beta-3 adrenergic receptor	ADRB3	0.005
6599	HTH-type transcriptional regulator ttgR	ttgR	0.0049
5463	Calcium-activated potassium channel subunit beta 2	KCNMB2	0.0049
6033	High affinity interleukin-8 receptor A	CXCR1	0.0049
6044	Serum paraoxonase/lactonase 3	PON3	0.0049
990	Dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1	MAP2K1	0.0049
590	5-hydroxytryptamine 2C receptor	HTR2C	0.0049
511	5-hydroxytryptamine 1F receptor	HTR1F	0.0048
4122	Histone deacetylase 2	HDAC2	0.0048
2157	NAD(P)H dehydrogenase [quinone] 1	NQO1	0.0048
392	Voltage-dependent P/Q-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1A	CACNA1A	0.0047
698	B-Raf proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase	BRAF	0.0047
461	Glycine receptor subunit alpha-3	GLRA3	0.0047
706	Glutamate [NMDA] receptor subunit 3A	GRIN3A	0.0047
2616	Ganglioside GM2 activator	GM2A	0.0047
489	Monocarboxylate transporter 2	SLC16A7	0.0046
4152	Superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn]	SOD1	0.0046
1650	Heme carrier protein 1	SLC46A1	0.0046
572	Integrin alpha-L	ITGAL	0.0045
896	Glutathione S-transferase Mu 1	GSTM1	0.0045
3868	Calcineurin subunit B isoform 2	PPP3R2	0.0045
421	Calcium signal-modulating cyclophilin ligand	CAMLG	0.0045
841	Gamma-aminobutyric-acid receptor subunit alpha-6	GABRA6	0.0044
530	Gamma-aminobutyric-acid receptor subunit alpha-4	GABRA4	0.0044
4192	DNA topoisomerase 2-beta	TOP2B	0.0044
521	ATP-binding cassette transporter sub-family C member 9	ABCC9	0.0044
6014	Cytochrome P450 2A13	CYP2A13	0.0044
5294	Nucleoside diphosphate kinase A	NME1	0.0044
811	Translocator protein	TSPO	0.0044
6152	Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2A1	SLCO2A1	0.0043
781	ATP-sensitive inward rectifier potassium channel 11	KCNJ11	0.0043
102	DNA topoisomerase I, mitochondrial	TOP1MT	0.0043
6102	Arylamine N-acetyltransferase 2	NAT2	0.0043
638	D(3) dopamine receptor	DRD3	0.0042
6138	Multidrug resistance protein 3	ABCB4	0.0042
621	Periplasmic [Fe] hydrogenase 1	Not Available	0.0042
385	Potassium-transporting ATPase alpha chain 1	ATP4A	0.0041
131	Synaptic vesicular amine transporter	SLC18A2	0.0041
84	Nuclear receptor 0B1	NR0B1	0.0041
4177	Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase receptor ret	RET	0.004
132	ATP-binding cassette sub-family A member 1	ABCA1	0.004
5300	Antigen peptide transporter 1	TAP1	0.004
198	Sodium channel protein type 10 subunit alpha	SCN10A	0.004
976	Platelet glycoprotein IX	GP9	0.004
3809	Estrogen-related receptor gamma	ESRRG	0.004
474	Acetylcholinesterase	ACHE	0.004
6218	Pannexin-1	PANX1	0.0039
890	Niemann-Pick C1-like protein 1	NPC1L1	0.0038
6161	Probable low affinity copper uptake protein 2	SLC31A2	0.0038
751	Potassium channel subfamily K member 6	KCNK6	0.0038
476	RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase	AKT1	0.0038
2599	Tyrosine-protein kinase HCK	HCK	0.0038
3961	G protein-activated inward rectifier potassium channel 4	KCNJ5	0.0038
2232	Interleukin-5	IL5	0.0037
3854	Basic fibroblast growth factor receptor 1	FGFR1	0.0037
1593	Mucin-2	MUC2	0.0037
6151	Monocarboxylate transporter 10	SLC16A10	0.0036
713	Sodium-dependent dopamine transporter	SLC6A3	0.0036
291	Nitric-oxide synthase, endothelial	NOS3	0.0036
1787	Nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit	NFKB1	0.0036
3917	Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase	MTHFR	0.0036
1569	G1/S-specific cyclin-D1	CCND1	0.0036
6836	3-hydroxyisobutyryl-CoA hydrolase, mitochondrial	HIBCH	0.0036
6837	Serine/threonine-protein kinase 17B	STK17B	0.0036
259	Microsomal triglyceride transfer protein large subunit	MTTP	0.0035
610	Calcium-activated potassium channel subunit alpha 1	KCNMA1	0.0035
1524	Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase A	PPIA	0.0035
6700	Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase A	ppiA	0.0035
1541	Metalloproteinase	mmp20	0.0035
172	Potassium channel subfamily K member 1	KCNK1	0.0035
88	Retinoic acid receptor RXR-beta	RXRB	0.0034
319	Opioid receptor, sigma 1	OPRS1	0.0034
1760	Aminopeptidase N	ANPEP	0.0034
6843	Aminopeptidase N	pepN	0.0034
162	Retinoic acid receptor gamma-1	RARG	0.0034
117	Sterol O-acyltransferase 1	SOAT1	0.0033
4103	Proteasome subunit beta type 2	PSMB2	0.0033
4102	Proteasome subunit beta type 5	PSMB5	0.0033
4101	Proteasome subunit beta type 1	PSMB1	0.0033
5880	Thrombopoietin receptor	MPL	0.0033
787	Vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 1	VKORC1	0.0033
6206	DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit beta'	rpoC	0.0032
6211	Tubulin epsilon chain	TUBE1	0.0032
6210	Tubulin delta chain	TUBD1	0.0032
6212	Tubulin gamma-1 chain	TUBG1	0.0032
2287	Bifunctional purine biosynthesis protein PURH [Includes: Phosphoribosylaminoimidazolecarboxamide formyltransferase	ATIC	0.0032
229	Retinoic acid receptor beta	RARB	0.0032
6020	Aldehyde oxidase	AOX1	0.0031
2021	Thrombomodulin	THBD	0.0031
2499	Tubulin beta-2C chain	TUBB2C	0.0031
730	Retinoic acid receptor alpha	RARA	0.0031
1123	Eosinophil cationic protein	RNASE3	0.0031
702	UMP-CMP kinase	CMPK1	0.0031
6656	UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 3A1	UGT3A1	0.0031
78	Acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase, mitochondrial	ACAT1	0.0031
3856	Fibroblast growth factor receptor 3	FGFR3	0.003
891	Dihydropteroate synthase	folP	0.003
5359	Dihydropteroate synthase	folP	0.003
7175	Dihydropteroate synthase	sulI	0.003
3802	Sodium channel protein type 2 subunit alpha	SCN2A	0.003
284	DNA-directed RNA polymerase beta chain	rpoB	0.003
5773	DNA-directed RNA polymerase beta chain	rpoB	0.003
4203	Histamine N-methyltransferase	HNMT	0.003
6087	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-1	GABRG1	0.0029
6093	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta	GABRD	0.0029
6089	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon	GABRE	0.0029
1714	Mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	MAPK3	0.0029
750	Voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-1 subunit	CACNG1	0.0029
6042	Prostaglandin reductase 2	PTGR2	0.0029
683	Potassium transporter	GK0582	0.0029
5818	Folate receptor alpha	FOLR1	0.0029
663	Solute carrier family 12 member 4	SLC12A4	0.0029
53	Solute carrier family 12 member 5	SLC12A5	0.0029
4098	Gamma-aminobutyric-acid receptor subunit beta-1	GABRB1	0.0028
3610	Thioredoxin reductase 1, cytoplasmic	TXNRD1	0.0028
2112	Toll-like receptor 9	TLR9	0.0028
620	Bifunctional dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase	Not Available	0.0028
1178	Adenosine A2a receptor	ADORA2A	0.0028
2391	Ferrochelatase	hemH	0.0028
6502	Ferrochelatase	DKFZp686P18130	0.0028
1591	Ferrochelatase, mitochondrial	FECH	0.0028
951	Macrophage colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor	CSF1R	0.0028
239	Coagulation factor X	F10	0.0028
2404	Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit gamma isoform	PIK3CG	0.0027
2981	Phospholipase A2, membrane associated	PLA2G2A	0.0027
1313	Lactoylglutathione lyase	GLO1	0.0027
947	Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-4	CHRNA4	0.0027
4095	Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-7	CHRNA7	0.0027
6232	Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(s) subunit alpha isoforms short	GNAS	0.0027
6233	Adenylate cyclase type 2	ADCY2	0.0027
6234	Adenylate cyclase type 5	ADCY5	0.0027
4100	Gamma-aminobutyric-acid receptor subunit beta-2	GABRB2	0.0027
139	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C1	AKR1C1	0.0027
1050	Bile salt sulfotransferase	SULT2A1	0.0027
838	Inosine-5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase 1	IMPDH1	0.0027
796	Inosine-5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase 2	IMPDH2	0.0027
310	Solute carrier family 12 member 2	SLC12A2	0.0027
818	50S ribosomal protein L10	rplJ	0.0026
3932	Glutathione S-transferase A2	GSTA2	0.0026
6043	Putative G-protein coupled receptor 44	GPR44	0.0026
427	Substance-P receptor	TACR1	0.0026
5997	Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 11	TNFSF11	0.0026
4773	Deoxycytidine kinase	DCK	0.0026
6344	ATP synthase subunit gamma, mitochondrial	ATP5C1	0.0026
6343	ATP synthase subunit beta, mitochondrial	ATP5B	0.0025
6342	ATP synthase subunit alpha, mitochondrial	ATP5A1	0.0025
1385	Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2	ACE2	0.0025
6045	Voltage-dependent calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta-3	CACNA2D3	0.0025
6174	50S ribosomal protein L32	rpmF	0.0025
293	Gamma-glutamyl hydrolase	GGH	0.0025
6091	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit theta	GABRQ	0.0025
4116	Dihydropteroate synthetase	Not Available	0.0025
2347	Proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase Pim-1	PIM1	0.0024
2450	Tyrosine-protein kinase ITK/TSK	ITK	0.0024
342	P protein [Includes: DNA-directed DNA polymerase	P	0.0024
612	P protein [Includes: DNA-directed DNA polymerase	P	0.0024
66	3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/Delta 5-->4-isomerase type II	HSD3B2	0.0024
716	5-hydroxytryptamine 7 receptor	HTR7	0.0024
4148	Serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR	MTOR	0.0024
918	Glutamate receptor, ionotropic kainate 2	GRIK2	0.0024
6493	Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6C	COX6C	0.0024
6495	Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7C, mitochondrial	COX7C	0.0024
6496	Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 8A, mitochondrial	COX8A	0.0024
6499	Cytochrome c oxidase polypeptide 7A1, mitochondrial	COX7A1	0.0024
6498	Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6B1	COX6B1	0.0024
6497	Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6A2, mitochondrial	COX6A2	0.0024
6494	Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7B, mitochondrial	COX7B	0.0024
6491	Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5A, mitochondrial	COX5A	0.0024
6489	Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4 isoform 1, mitochondrial	COX4I1	0.0024
5793	Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 2	MT-CO2	0.0024
6559	Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 2	ctaC	0.0024
6669	Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 2	ctaC	0.0024
6490	Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 3	MT-CO3	0.0024
371	Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1	MT-CO1	0.0024
6558	Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1	ctaD	0.0024
677	Choline-phosphate cytidylyltransferase A	PCYT1A	0.0024
858	Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 1	KCNA1	0.0024
1176	Mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	MAPK1	0.0024
4221	Vascular endothelial growth factor	VEGF	0.0023
5816	Cadherin-5	CDH5	0.0023
6824	Tyrosine-protein kinase Lyn	LYN	0.0023
378	Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor	ADRA2C	0.0023
6086	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2	GABRG2	0.0023
6088	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-3	GABRG3	0.0023
6090	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi	GABRP	0.0023
6092	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-2	GABRR2	0.0023
6115	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-3	GABRR3	0.0023
6259	(3R)-hydroxymyristoyl-acyl carrier protein dehydratase	fabZ	0.0022
142	Gamma-aminobutyric-acid receptor subunit rho-1	GABRR1	0.0022
773	Folylpolyglutamate synthase, mitochondrial	FPGS	0.0022
2540	Choloylglycine hydrolase	cbh	0.0022
921	Glutamate receptor 2	GRIA2	0.0022
1792	Tissue-type plasminogen activator	PLAT	0.0022
3086	Plasmepsin-2	Not Available	0.0022
1648	Elastin	ELN	0.0022
1262	Corticotropin-lipotropin	POMC	0.0021
208	DNA-directed RNA polymerase beta' chain	rpoC	0.0021
5774	DNA-directed RNA polymerase beta' chain	rpoC	0.0021
1618	High affinity nerve growth factor receptor	NTRK1	0.0021
3876	Aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase	DDC	0.0021
5787	Angiopoietin-1 receptor	TEK	0.0021
6501	Fatty acid-binding protein, liver	FABP1	0.0021
6459	Glycodelin	PAEP	0.002
823	Fibroblast growth factor receptor 2	FGFR2	0.002
5433	UPF0230 protein TM_1468	TM_1468	0.002
3616	Fatty acid-binding protein, epidermal	FABP5	0.002
5431	Lipid binding protein	Not Available	0.002
5430	Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4-gamma	HNF4G	0.002
4311	tRNA	TRDMT1	0.002
4325	tRNA	trmD	0.002
4328	tRNA	trmD	0.002
1656	CYP2B protein	CYP2B	0.002
2107	Microtubule-associated protein 1A	MAP1A	0.002
6179	UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B17	UGT2B17	0.0019
937	Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase LCK	LCK	0.0019
16	Adenosine A1 receptor	ADORA1	0.0019
1638	Solute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 2	SLC2A2	0.0019
3920	Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase intermediate form	MTHFR	0.0018
3763	5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase	metF	0.0018
3918	5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase	MTHFR	0.0018
5094	5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase	metF	0.0018
1457	Long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase 4	ACSL4	0.0018
59	AMT protein	AMT	0.0018
3919	Methionyl-tRNA formyltransferase, mitochondrial	MTFMT	0.0018
1202	10-formyltetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase	ALDH1L1	0.0018
2222	Equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1	SLC29A1	0.0018
2180	3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1	PDPK1	0.0018
6103	Arylamine N-acetyltransferase 1	NAT1	0.0018
6500	Phospholipase A2	PLA2G1B	0.0017
283	SEC14-like protein 2	SEC14L2	0.0017
6172	ATP-binding cassette sub-family B member 8, mitochondrial	ABCB8	0.0017
933	Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src	SRC	0.0017
768	FK506-binding protein 1A	FKBP1A	0.0017
5251	Carbonyl reductase [NADPH] 1	CBR1	0.0017
518	Peroxidase/catalase T	katG	0.0016
6766	O-GlcNAcase BT_4395	BT_4395	0.0016
458	Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-10	CHRNA10	0.0016
484	Tyrosine-protein kinase ABL2	ABL2	0.0016
204	cGMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase	PDE5A	0.0016
605	Fumarate reductase flavoprotein subunit	frdA	0.0016
2709	Fumarate reductase flavoprotein subunit	SO_0970	0.0016
3673	Fumarate reductase flavoprotein subunit	fccA	0.0016
4912	Fumarate reductase flavoprotein subunit	ifcA	0.0016
6549	Fumarate reductase flavoprotein subunit	frdA	0.0016
5432	Trafficking protein particle complex subunit 3	TRAPPC3	0.0016
1502	Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta	PPARD	0.0016
2211	Fatty acid-binding protein, heart	FABP3	0.0016
528	5-hydroxytryptamine 1E receptor	HTR1E	0.0016
2216	Fibroblast growth factor receptor 4	FGFR4	0.0016
4217	Telomerase reverse transcriptase	TERT	0.0016
1971	cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4A	PDE4A	0.0016
541	cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4B	PDE4B	0.0015
814	Ryanodine receptor 1	RYR1	0.0015
296	Bifunctional methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase/cyclohydrolase, mitochondrial	MTHFD2	0.0015
734	D1 dopamine receptor-interacting protein calcyon	CALY	0.0015
564	Cellular retinoic acid-binding protein 1	CRABP1	0.0015
6755	Poliovirus receptor	PVR	0.0015
137	FolC bifunctional protein [Includes: Folylpolyglutamate synthase	folC	0.0015
6677	Myelin P2 protein	PMP2	0.0015
517	Alcohol dehydrogenase 1C	ADH1C	0.0015
936	Ephrin type-A receptor 2	EPHA2	0.0015
859	Cellular retinoic acid-binding protein 2	CRABP2	0.0015
1086	Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 2	KCNQ2	0.0015
3957	Adenosine deaminase	ADA	0.0015
340	Apoptotic protease-activating factor 1	APAF1	0.0015
6002	Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP4 subtype	PTGER4	0.0015
1196	Complement decay-accelerating factor	CD55	0.0015
1770	Phospholipase C	PLCL1	0.0015
2841	Phospholipase C	plc	0.0015
1759	85 kDa calcium-independent phospholipase A2	PLA2G6	0.0015
174	Sigma 1-type opioid receptor	SIGMAR1	0.0014
6046	Voltage-gated calcium channel beta 1 subunit splice variant CavB1d	CACNB1	0.0014
337	NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 7, mitochondrial	NDUFS7	0.0014
214	NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 3, mitochondrial	NDUFS3	0.0014
803	NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 2, mitochondrial	NDUFS2	0.0014
6168	Solute carrier family 22 member 16	SLC22A16	0.0014
357	Carbonic anhydrase 2	CA2	0.0014
3804	Sodium channel protein type 4 subunit alpha	SCN4A	0.0014
147	Aldehyde dehydrogenase, mitochondrial	ALDH2	0.0014
3884	SHMT2 protein	SHMT2	0.0014
3901	SHMT2 protein	SHMT2	0.0014
3885	Hypothetical protein DKFZp686P09201	DKFZp686P09201	0.0014
3879	Serine hydroxymethyltransferase 2	Not Available	0.0014
321	Serine hydroxymethyltransferase, mitochondrial	SHMT2	0.0014
2129	Sucrase-isomaltase, intestinal	SI	0.0014
432	D(4) dopamine receptor	DRD4	0.0014
780	Retinoic acid receptor RXR-gamma	RXRG	0.0014
6079	Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-3	CHRNA3	0.0014
6169	ATP-binding cassette sub-family A member 5	ABCA5	0.0014
6861	Alcohol dehydrogenase [NADP+]	AKR1A1	0.0014
914	Formimidoyltransferase-cyclodeaminase	FTCD	0.0014
4131	Prostaglandin E2 receptor, EP3 subtype	PTGER3	0.0014
406	Prostaglandin E2 receptor, EP2 subtype	PTGER2	0.0014
1995	Sodium channel protein type 9 subunit alpha	SCN9A	0.0014
679	C-1-tetrahydrofolate synthase, cytoplasmic	MTHFD1	0.0013
634	Squalene monooxygenase	SQLE	0.0013
7196	Squalene monooxygenase	ERG1	0.0013
809	Methionine synthase	MTR	0.0013
2935	Methionine synthase	metH	0.0013
825	Arsenical pump-driving ATPase	ASNA1	0.0013
3435	Arsenical pump-driving ATPase	arsA	0.0013
486	Serine/threonine-protein kinase ALS2CR7	CDK15	0.0013
510	Serine/threonine-protein kinase receptor R3	ACVRL1	0.0013
2105	ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 1	ABCG1	0.0013
745	Anti-Muellerian hormone type-2 receptor	AMHR2	0.0013
483	A-Raf proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase	ARAF	0.0013
733	Activin receptor type 1B	ACVR1B	0.0013
225	NEDD8-activating enzyme E1 regulatory subunit	NAE1	0.0013
154	AFG3-like protein 2	AFG3L2	0.0013
377	Beta-adrenergic receptor kinase 1	ADRBK1	0.0013
21	Beta-adrenergic receptor kinase 2	ADRBK2	0.0013
395	ALK tyrosine kinase receptor	Not Available	0.0013
6432	Transporter	snf	0.0013
2207	Rhodopsin	RHO	0.0012
5798	Mitogen-activated protein kinase 11	MAPK11	0.0012
515	26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 1	PSMD1	0.0012
6893	Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II gamma chain	CAMK2G	0.0012
243	Ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase [quinone]	NQO2	0.0012
522	26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 2	PSMD2	0.0012
367	Serine hydroxymethyltransferase, cytosolic	SHMT1	0.0012
3382	Glycolipid transfer protein	GLTP	0.0012
2320	Thymidine kinase, cytosolic	TK1	0.0012
694	Matrix protein 2	M	0.0012
2297	Genome polyprotein	Not Available	0.0012
2322	Genome polyprotein	Not Available	0.0012
2694	Genome polyprotein	Not Available	0.0012
2719	Genome polyprotein	Not Available	0.0012
2860	Genome polyprotein	Not Available	0.0012
2928	Genome polyprotein	Not Available	0.0012
3160	Genome polyprotein	Not Available	0.0012
3260	Genome polyprotein	Not Available	0.0012
4783	Genome polyprotein	Not Available	0.0012
5726	Genome polyprotein	Not Available	0.0012
5779	Genome polyprotein	Not Available	0.0012
5867	Genome polyprotein	Not Available	0.0012
6253	Genome polyprotein	Not Available	0.0012
6301	Genome polyprotein	Not Available	0.0012
6380	Genome polyprotein	Not Available	0.0012
6381	Genome polyprotein	Not Available	0.0012
6437	Genome polyprotein	Not Available	0.0012
6520	Genome polyprotein	Not Available	0.0012
6521	Genome polyprotein	Not Available	0.0012
6652	Genome polyprotein	Not Available	0.0012
6734	Genome polyprotein	Not Available	0.0012
6735	Genome polyprotein	Not Available	0.0012
6736	Genome polyprotein	Not Available	0.0012
6737	Genome polyprotein	Not Available	0.0012
6738	Genome polyprotein	Not Available	0.0012
6739	Genome polyprotein	Not Available	0.0012
6744	Genome polyprotein	Not Available	0.0012
6748	Genome polyprotein	Not Available	0.0012
6894	Genome polyprotein	Not Available	0.0012
6898	Genome polyprotein	Not Available	0.0012
292	Activin receptor type-1	ACVR1	0.0012
280	4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase, mitochondrial	ABAT	0.0012
849	Activated CDC42 kinase 1	TNK2	0.0012
73	Prostaglandin E2 receptor, EP1 subtype	PTGER1	0.0012
695	cAMP and cAMP-inhibited cGMP 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 10A	PDE10A	0.0012
3808	Dihydropteroate synthase 2	folP2	0.0012
3601	Dihydropteroate synthase 1	folP1	0.0012
3807	Dihydropteroate synthase 1	folP1	0.0012
2417	Chloramphenicol acetyltransferase	cat	0.0012
3278	Chloramphenicol acetyltransferase	cat	0.0012
6859	Protein S100-A4	S100A4	0.0012
2810	Dr hemagglutinin structural subunit	draA	0.0012
2718	Chloramphenicol 3-O phosphotransferase	Not Available	0.0012
1275	Estrogen sulfotransferase	SULT1E1	0.0012
704	Long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase 1	ACSL1	0.0011
821	Acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase 2-like, mitochondrial	ACSS1	0.0011
386	Acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase, cytoplasmic	ACSS2	0.0011
297	Adenylate cyclase type 1	ADCY1	0.0011
289	Cytosolic purine 5'-nucleotidase	NT5C2	0.0011
606	Cytochrome P450 27, mitochondrial	CYP27A1	0.0011
760	Fibroblast growth factor 1	FGF1	0.0011
707	72 kDa type IV collagenase	MMP2	0.0011
581	Cytochrome P450 2R1	CYP2R1	0.0011
3913	Glutamic acid decarboxylase	GAD65	0.0011
2300	Lysozyme	E	0.0011
3633	Lysozyme	R	0.0011
5597	Lysozyme	17	0.0011
748	5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-1	PRKAA1	0.0011
76	Nitric-oxide synthase, brain	NOS1	0.001
1992	Vitamin D-binding protein	GC	0.001
144	Hemoglobin subunit alpha	HBA1	0.001
106	Cannabinoid receptor 2	CNR2	0.001
1483	Membrane copper amine oxidase	AOC3	0.001
368	Enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase [NADH]	inhA	0.001
3228	Enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase [NADH]	fabI	0.001
3678	Enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase [NADH]	fabI	0.001
6856	Enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase [NADH]	fabI	0.001
215	Sodium channel protein type 11 subunit alpha	SCN11A	0.001
6098	Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily D member 2	KCND2	0.001
6099	Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily D member 3	KCND3	0.001
2473	Tyrosine-protein kinase CSK	CSK	0.001
2398	Tyrosine-protein kinase ZAP-70	ZAP70	0.001
740	Argininosuccinate synthase	ASS1	0.001
865	Argininosuccinate synthase	ASS1	0.001
2680	Argininosuccinate synthase	argG	0.001
3194	Argininosuccinate synthase	argG	0.001
68	Cannabinoid receptor 1	CNR1	0.001
65	Matrix metalloproteinase-9	Not Available	0.001
1256	5-hydroxytryptamine 6 receptor	HTR6	0.001
661	ADP/ATP translocase 1	SLC25A4	0.0009
6021	Adenosine kinase	ADK	0.0009
4226	Uridine phosphorylase 2	UPP2	0.0009
242	Asparagine synthetase [glutamine-hydrolyzing]	ASNS	0.0009
3611	Cytidine deaminase	cdd	0.0009
3707	Cytidine deaminase	cdd	0.0009
4211	Cytidine deaminase	CDA	0.0009
735	Alanine aminotransferase 1	GPT	0.0009
3904	Alanine aminotransferase 2	GPT2	0.0009
741	Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1	KCNQ1	0.0009
1525	Heparin-binding growth factor 2	FGF2	0.0009
360	Ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase large subunit	RRM1	0.0009
2240	Cell division protein kinase 2	CDK2	0.0009
6100	BDNF/NT-3 growth factors receptor	NTRK2	0.0009
389	Amiloride-sensitive cation channel 2, neuronal	ACCN2	0.0009
992	Protein tyrosine kinase 2 beta	PTK2B	0.0009
6171	Solute carrier family 28 member 3	SLC28A3	0.0009
4225	Uridine phosphorylase 1	UPP1	0.0009
4162	Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 3	KCNQ3	0.0009
54	Prothrombin	F2	0.0009
2101	Glutathione-requiring prostaglandin D synthase	HPGDS	0.0008
719	Retinoic acid receptor responder protein 1	RARRES1	0.0008
770	Retinoic acid-induced protein 3	GPRC5A	0.0008
268	Adenosine A2b receptor	ADORA2B	0.0008
413	Amidophosphoribosyltransferase	PPAT	0.0008
2515	Amidophosphoribosyltransferase	purF	0.0008
3714	Amidophosphoribosyltransferase	purF	0.0008
856	Vitamin D3 receptor	VDR	0.0008
295	Carbonic anhydrase 1	CA1	0.0008
2530	Protein kinase C theta type	PRKCQ	0.0008
459	Retinoic acid receptor RXR-alpha	RXRA	0.0007
4043	Glutaredoxin-2, mitochondrial	GLRX2	0.0007
4034	Glutaredoxin-1	GLRX	0.0007
910	Epididymal secretory glutathione peroxidase	GPX5	0.0007
903	Glutathione S-transferase A5	GSTA5	0.0007
4037	Hypothetical protein	GPX1	0.0007
4297	Hypothetical protein	SP_1951	0.0007
4521	Hypothetical protein	BC_2969	0.0007
4540	Hypothetical protein	TM_1070	0.0007
4555	Hypothetical protein	MT1739	0.0007
4569	Hypothetical protein	mshD	0.0007
4578	Hypothetical protein	PA3270	0.0007
4747	Hypothetical protein	PA3967	0.0007
5177	Hypothetical protein	TM_0096	0.0007
5194	Hypothetical protein	PA1204	0.0007
5240	Hypothetical protein	Rv2991	0.0007
5370	Hypothetical protein	TM_1158	0.0007
5710	Hypothetical protein	Tb927.5.1360	0.0007
1928	Leukotriene C4 synthase	LTC4S	0.0007
4029	Microsomal glutathione S-transferase 3	MGST3	0.0007
4032	Microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1	MGST1	0.0007
4030	Thioredoxin domain-containing protein 12	TXNDC12	0.0007
4040	Glutathione peroxidase 7	GPX7	0.0007
907	Glutathione peroxidase 2	GPX2	0.0007
4038	Glutathione peroxidase 4	GPX4	0.0007
1975	Phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase, mitochondrial	GPX4	0.0007
906	Glutathione peroxidase 1	GPX1	0.0007
4039	CDNA FLJ23636 fis, clone CAS07176	GPX8	0.0007
4035	Glutathione S-transferase Mu 5	GSTM5	0.0007
4036	Glutathione peroxidase 6	GPX6	0.0007
900	Glutathione S-transferase A4	GSTA4	0.0007
911	Glutathione peroxidase 3	GPX3	0.0007
4042	Glutathione transferase omega-2	GSTO2	0.0007
4033	S-formylglutathione hydrolase	ESD	0.0007
1056	Gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase 1	GGT1	0.0007
267	Plasminogen activator inhibitor 1	SERPINE1	0.0007
569	Retinal dehydrogenase 2	ALDH1A2	0.0007
163	D(1B) dopamine receptor	DRD5	0.0007
2408	Tyrosine-protein kinase SYK	SYK	0.0007
2511	MAP kinase-activated protein kinase 2	MAPKAPK2	0.0007
611	Retinal dehydrogenase 1	ALDH1A1	0.0007
3319	Hydroxyacylglutathione hydrolase	HAGH	0.0007
898	Glutathione S-transferase A3	GSTA3	0.0007
897	Glutathione S-transferase kappa 1	GSTK1	0.0007
3639	Thymidine phosphorylase	deoA	0.0007
3936	Thymidine phosphorylase	TYMP	0.0007
909	Maleylacetoacetate isomerase	GSTZ1	0.0007
6221	Steroid hormone receptor ERR1	ESRRA	0.0007
1374	Natriuretic peptides B	NPPB	0.0006
1827	Gap junction alpha-1 protein	GJA1	0.0006
1908	Vascular cell adhesion protein 1	VCAM1	0.0006
899	Glutathione S-transferase Mu 3	GSTM3	0.0006
905	Glutathione transferase omega-1	GSTO1	0.0006
935	Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Yes	YES1	0.0006
1063	Signal transducer and activator of transcription 5B	STAT5B	0.0006
1302	Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase [NADP+]	DPYD	0.0006
164	Histamine H4 receptor	HRH4	0.0006
1039	Histone deacetylase 9	HDAC9	0.0006
4041	Microsomal glutathione S-transferase 2	MGST2	0.0006
485	cGMP-inhibited 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase A	PDE3A	0.0006
3937	Fatty-acid amide hydrolase	FAAH	0.0006
2165	Glutathione S-transferase Mu 2	GSTM2	0.0006
3221	Cytochrome c4	cc4	0.0006
207	Glutathione synthetase	GSS	0.0006
5269	Glutathione synthetase	gshB	0.0006
934	Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Fyn	FYN	0.0006
901	Glutathione S-transferase Mu 4	GSTM4	0.0005
194	NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 subunit C2	NDUFC2	0.0005
182	2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase E1 component, mitochondrial	OGDH	0.0005
630	Short/branched chain specific acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, mitochondrial	ACADSB	0.0005
1721	Glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta	GSK3B	0.0005
3238	Multidrug resistance protein mexA	mexA	0.0005
3116	Bacterioferritin	bfr	0.0005
4906	Bacterioferritin	bfr	0.0005
4965	Bacterioferritin	bfr	0.0005
3173	Enolase	eno	0.0005
3709	Glycerol uptake facilitator protein	glpF	0.0005
3336	C4-dicarboxylate transport transcriptional regulatory protein dctD	dctD	0.0005
3393	TGF-beta receptor type-2	TGFBR2	0.0005
5489	Ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase 1 subunit beta	nrdB	0.0005
6082	Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-3	CHRNB3	0.0005
6080	Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-5	CHRNA5	0.0005
948	Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-2	CHRNB2	0.0005
183	Vascular endothelial growth factor A	VEGFA	0.0005
464	Glutamate [NMDA] receptor subunit epsilon-2	GRIN2B	0.0005
4031	Glutathione S-transferase A1	GSTA1	0.0005
6081	Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-6	CHRNA6	0.0005
4097	Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-9	CHRNA9	0.0005
714	Glutathione reductase, mitochondrial	GSR	0.0005
233	Potassium channel subfamily K member 2	KCNK2	0.0005
1864	RET proto-oncogene	RET	0.0005
1950	Epithelial discoidin domain-containing receptor 1	DDR1	0.0005
6170	ATP-binding cassette sub-family A member 3	ABCA3	0.0005
6094	BCR/ABL fusion protein isoform X9	BCR/ABL fusion	0.0005
170	Succinate semialdehyde dehydrogenase, mitochondrial	ALDH5A1	0.0005
2852	DNA mismatch repair protein mutL	mutL	0.0005
5278	Bifunctional 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate synthetase 1	PAPSS1	0.0005
3191	Histidinol dehydrogenase	hisD	0.0005
6078	Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-4	CHRNB4	0.0005
4692	A/G-specific adenine glycosylase	mutY	0.0004
1360	Sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase	SMPD1	0.0004
276	Sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 1	SLC6A1	0.0004
2802	Endoglucanase G	celCCG	0.0004
6316	ADP-ribosylation factor 1	ARF1	0.0004
444	Alcohol dehydrogenase 1B	ADH1B	0.0003
6270	Group IIE secretory phospholipase A2	PLA2G2E	0.0003
4954	Soluble cytochrome b558	Not Available	0.0002
4947	Bacterial hemoglobin	vhb	0.0002
4936	Cytochrome c2 iso-2	Not Available	0.0002
4916	Cyanoglobin	glbN	0.0002
4915	Cytochrome c-550	psbV	0.0002
4959	Cytochrome c-550	psbV	0.0002
5216	Cytochrome c-550	psbV	0.0002
4925	Cytochrome c-type protein SHP	shp	0.0002
4975	Cytochrome c-556	RPA3973	0.0002
4943	Cytochrome c6	petJ	0.0002
4934	Cytochrome c-551	nirM	0.0002
5218	Cytochrome c-551	nirM	0.0002
4961	Hemophore HasA	hasA	0.0002
4905	Cytochrome c2	Not Available	0.0002
4939	Cytochrome c2	cycA	0.0002
4964	Cytochrome c2	cycA	0.0002
4979	Cytochrome c2	cycA	0.0002
6673	Cytochrome c2	cycA	0.0002
4904	Cytochrome c family protein	GSU1996	0.0002
4909	CooA protein	cooA	0.0002
4994	Hemoglobin-like protein HbO	glbO	0.0002
5000	HemO	hemO	0.0002
4998	Hemoglobin-like protein yjbI	yjbI	0.0002
644	Heme oxygenase 2	HMOX2	0.0002
4982	Heme oxygenase 2	pbsA2	0.0002
4942	Diheme cytochrome c napB	napB	0.0002
4984	Neuroglobin	NGB	0.0002
4935	Cytochrome c-554	cycA1	0.0002
4999	Cytochrome P450 165B3	CYP165B3	0.0002
4937	Cytochrome oxidase subunit II	rcoxA	0.0002
4971	Nonaheme cytochrome c	hmcA	0.0002
4989	Cytochrome c551 peroxidase	ccp	0.0002
5222	Cytochrome c551 peroxidase	ccpA	0.0002
4910	Cytoglobin	CYGB	0.0002
4976	Apocytochrome f	petA	0.0002
6407	Apocytochrome f	petA	0.0002
4907	Cytochrome c-L	moxG	0.0002
6865	Cytochrome c-L	moxG	0.0002
4981	Iron-starvation protein PigA	pigA	0.0002
4764	Cytochrome P450 165C4	CYP165C4	0.0002
4960	Putative cytochrome P450-family protein	SCO7417	0.0002
4931	Cytochrome P450 167A1	CYP167A1	0.0002
4922	Cytochrome c, putative	SO_4144	0.0002
4970	Cytochrome c nitrite reductase catalytic subunit	nrfA	0.0002
4926	Heme-based aerotactic transducer hemAT	hemAT	0.0002
4993	Hydroxylamine oxidoreductase	hao1	0.0002
4903	Methyl-accepting chemotaxis protein	Tar4	0.0002
4972	P450cin	cinA	0.0002
3093	Catalase HPII	katE	0.0002
4908	Heme-regulated cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase	dosP	0.0002
4952	Catalase/peroxidase	katA	0.0002
4920	Peroxidase/catalase	katG	0.0002
2119	Cytochrome b5	CYB5A	0.0002
4948	Cytochrome c-553	Not Available	0.0002
4923	Cytochrome c3	DvMF_2499	0.0002
4945	Cytochrome c3	Not Available	0.0002
4949	Cytochrome c3	DVU_3171	0.0002
4968	Cytochrome c3	cytc3	0.0002
4997	Cytochrome c3	SO_2727	0.0002
5219	Cytochrome c3	cyd	0.0002
4902	Nine-heme cytochrome c	Ddes_2038	0.0002
3189	High-molecular-weight cytochrome c	hmcA	0.0002
4990	PpcA	ppcA	0.0002
4956	Quinohemoprotein alcohol dehydrogenase ADH IIB	qbdA	0.0002
3375	Acidic cytochrome c3	Not Available	0.0002
4988	Sulfite oxidase, mitochondrial	SUOX	0.0002
2915	Sensor protein fixL	fixL	0.0002
4944	Sensor protein fixL	fixL	0.0002
4385	Cytochrome c'	Not Available	0.0002
4967	Cytochrome c'	cycA	0.0002
5038	Cytochrome c'	Not Available	0.0002
5223	Cytochrome c'	cycP	0.0002
3570	Cytochrome P450 152A1	cypC	0.0002
4813	Heme oxygenase	hmuO	0.0002
5769	Heme oxygenase	Not Available	0.0002
4992	Cytochrome c peroxidase	Not Available	0.0002
4289	Cytochrome P450	TT_P0059	0.0002
6262	Cytochrome P450	staP	0.0002
2230	Catalase	CAT	0.0002
3249	Catalase	katA	0.0002
3625	Catalase	katA	0.0002
4539	Catalase	katA	0.0002
4941	Catalase	katB	0.0002
3670	Soluble cytochrome b562 precursor	cybC	0.0001
3411	Cytochrome P450 121	cyp121	0.0001
3291	Cytochrome c-552	cycA	0.0001
4927	Cytochrome c-552	nrfA	0.0001
4938	Cytochrome c-552	cycA	0.0001
4953	Cytochrome c-552	nrfA	0.0001
5217	Cytochrome c-552	cycM	0.0001
2617	Nitric oxide synthase oxygenase	nos	0.0001
2701	Nitric oxide synthase oxygenase	nos	0.0001
4386	Hemoglobin-like protein HbN	glbN	0.0001
3102	Flavohemoprotein	hmp	0.0001
4969	Flavohemoprotein	hmp	0.0001
3127	Nitrite reductase	nirS	0.0001
3284	Nitrite reductase	nirS	0.0001
2972	6-deoxyerythronolide B hydroxylase	eryF	0.0001
2845	Bifunctional P-450:NADPH-P450 reductase	CYP102A1	0.0001
4608	Putative cytochrome P450	SCO1207	0.0001
4963	Putative cytochrome P450	SCO2884	0.0001
6254	Putative cytochrome P450	SCO6998	0.0001
358	Cystathionine beta-synthase	CBS	0.0001
1507	Cytochrome c	CYCS	0.0001
693	Hemoglobin subunit beta	HBB	0.0001
6268	Hydroxyacid oxidase 1	HAO1	0.0001
810	Heme oxygenase 1	HMOX1	0.0001
3391	Heme oxygenase 1	pbsA1	0.0001

(*) Categorization taken from DrugBank: therapeutic category or general category of a drug (i.e. anti-convulsant, antibacterial, etc.)

DB00421 - Spironolactone

Targets

Enzymes

Transporters

Predictions