DT-Web

DB01364 - Ephedrine


Identification
Name Ephedrine
Accession Number DB01364
Type small molecule
Description An alpha- and beta-adrenergic agonist that may also enhance release of norepinephrine. It has been used in the treatment of several disorders including asthma, heart failure, rhinitis, and urinary incontinence, and for its central nervous system stimulatory effects in the treatment of narcolepsy and depression. It has become less extensively used with the advent of more selective agonists. [PubChem]
Structure
MOL SDF PDB SMILES InChI
Categories (*)
Molecular Weight 165.2322
Groups approved
Monoisotopic Weight 165.115364107
Pharmacology
Indication Ephedrine commonly used as a stimulant, appetite suppressant, concentration aid, decongestant, and to treat hypotension associated with anaesthesia.
Mechanism of action Ephedrine is a sympathomimetic amine - that is, its principal mechanism of action relies on its direct and indirect actions on the adrenergic receptor system, which is part of the sympathetic nervous system. Ephedrine increases post-synaptic noradrenergic receptor activity by (weakly) directly activating post-synaptic ?-receptors and ?-receptors, but the bulk of its effect comes from the pre-synaptic neuron being unable to distinguish between real adrenaline or noradrenaline from ephedrine. The ephedrine, mixed with noradrenaline, is transported through the noradrenaline reuptake complex and packaged (along with real noradrenaline) into vesicles that reside at the terminal button of a nerve cell. Ephedrine's action as an agonist at most major noradrenaline receptors and its ability to increase the release of both dopamine and to a lesser extent, serotonin by the same mechanism is presumed to have a major role in its mechanism of action.
Absorption 85%
Protein binding Not Available
Biotransformation Not Available
Route of elimination mainly renal
Toxicity Cardiovascular: tachycardia, cardiac arrhythmias, angina pectoris, vasoconstriction with hypertension
Affected organisms Not Available
Interactions
Drug Interactions
Drug Mechanism of interaction
Amitriptyline The tricyclic antidepressant, amitriptyline, increases the sympathomimetic effect of ephedrine.
Amoxapine The tricyclic antidepressant, amoxapine, increases the sympathomimetic effect of ephedrine.
Clomipramine The tricyclic antidepressant, clomipramine, increases the sympathomimetic effect of ephedrine.
Desipramine The tricyclic antidepressant, desipramine, increases the sympathomimetic effect of ephedrine.
Desvenlafaxine Desvenlafaxine may increase the tachycardic and vasopressor effects of ephedrine. Consider alternate therapy or monitor for increased sympathomimetic effects, such as increased blood pressure, chest pain and headache.
Doxepin The tricyclic antidepressant, doxepin, increases the sympathomimetic effect of ephedrine.
Guanethidine Ephedrine may decrease the effect of guanethidine.
Imipramine The tricyclic antidepressant, imipramine, increases the sympathomimetic effect of ephedrine.
Iobenguane Sympathomimetic that increase chances of producing a false negative imaging result
Isocarboxazid Increased arterial pressure
Linezolid Possible increase of arterial pressure
Methyldopa Increased arterial pressure
Midodrine Increased arterial pressure
Moclobemide Moclobemide increases the sympathomimetic effect of ephedrine.
Nortriptyline The tricyclic antidepressant, nortriptyline, increases the sympathomimetic effect of ephedrine.
Phenelzine Increased arterial pressure
Rasagiline Increased arterial pressure
Reserpine Increased arterial pressure
Rotigotine Risk of sedation may decrease with concomitant therapy. Monitor therapy closely.
Tranylcypromine The MAO inhibitor, Tranylcypromine, may increase the vasopressor effect of Ephedrine. Concomitant therapy should be avoided.
Venlafaxine Venlafaxine may increase the tachycardic and vasopressor effects of ephedrine. Consider alternate therapy or monitor for increased sympathomimetic effects, such as increased blood pressure, chest pain and headache.
Food Interactions Not Available

Targets


Sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter
Name Sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter
Gene Name SLC6A2
Pharmacological action unknown
Actions inverse agonist
References
  • Kobayashi S, Endou M, Sakuraya F, Matsuda N, Zhang XH, Azuma M, Echigo N, Kemmotsu O, Hattori Y, Gando S: The sympathomimetic actions of l-ephedrine and d-pseudoephedrine: direct receptor activation or norepinephrine release? Anesth Analg. 2003 Nov;97(5):1239-45. - Pubmed
  • McMahon LR, Cunningham KA: Discriminative stimulus effects of (-)-ephedrine in rats: analysis with catecholamine transporter and receptor ligands. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2003 Jun 5;70(3):255-64. - Pubmed
  • Fleckenstein AE, Volz TJ, Riddle EL, Gibb JW, Hanson GR: New insights into the mechanism of action of amphetamines. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 2007;47:681-98. - Pubmed
  • Sulzer D, Sonders MS, Poulsen NW, Galli A: Mechanisms of neurotransmitter release by amphetamines: a review. Prog Neurobiol. 2005 Apr;75(6):406-33. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 0.4118
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor
Name Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor
Gene Name ADRA1A
Pharmacological action unknown
Actions Not Available
References
  • Ma G, Bavadekar SA, Davis YM, Lalchandani SG, Nagmani R, Schaneberg BT, Khan IA, Feller DR: Pharmacological effects of ephedrine alkaloids on human alpha(1)- and alpha(2)-adrenergic receptor subtypes. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2007 Jul;322(1):214-21. Epub 2007 Apr 3. - Pubmed
  • Wellman PJ, Miller DK, Ho DH: Noradrenergic modulation of ephedrine-induced hypophagia. Synapse. 2003 Apr;48(1):18-24. - Pubmed
  • Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE: The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 0.3858
Synaptic vesicular amine transporter
Name Synaptic vesicular amine transporter
Gene Name SLC18A2
Pharmacological action unknown
Actions inhibitor
References
  • Ellis JD, German CL, Birdsall E, Hanson JE, Crosby MA, Rowley SD, Sawada NA, West JN, Hanson GR, Fleckenstein AE: Ephedrine decreases vesicular monoamine transporter-2 function. Synapse. 2010 Dec 15. - Pubmed
  • Horton DB, Siripurapu KB, Norrholm SD, Culver JP, Hojahmat M, Beckmann JS, Harrod SB, Deaciuc AG, Bardo MT, Crooks PA, Dwoskin LP: meso-Transdiene Analogs Inhibit Vesicular Monoamine Transporter-2 Function and Methamphetamine-evoked Dopamine Release. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2010 Dec 21. - Pubmed
  • Sulzer D, Sonders MS, Poulsen NW, Galli A: Mechanisms of neurotransmitter release by amphetamines: a review. Prog Neurobiol. 2005 Apr;75(6):406-33. - Pubmed
  • Sulzer D, Chen TK, Lau YY, Kristensen H, Rayport S, Ewing A: Amphetamine redistributes dopamine from synaptic vesicles to the cytosol and promotes reverse transport. J Neurosci. 1995 May;15(5 Pt 2):4102-8. - Pubmed
  • Yasumoto S, Tamura K, Karasawa J, Hasegawa R, Ikeda K, Yamamoto T, Yamamoto H: Inhibitory effect of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors on the vesicular monoamine transporter 2. Neurosci Lett. 2009 May 1;454(3):229-32. Epub 2009 Mar 18. - Pubmed
  • Fleckenstein AE, Volz TJ, Riddle EL, Gibb JW, Hanson GR: New insights into the mechanism of action of amphetamines. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 2007;47:681-98. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 0.5798
Acetylcholinesterase
Name Acetylcholinesterase
Gene Name ACHE
Pharmacological action unknown
Actions Not Available
References
  • Singh AK, Spassova D: Effects of hexamethonium, phenothiazines, propranolol and ephedrine on acetylcholinesterase carbamylation by physostigmine, aldicarb and carbaryl: interaction between the active site and the functionally distinct peripheral sites in acetylcholinesterase. Comp Biochem Physiol C Pharmacol Toxicol Endocrinol. 1998 Jan;119(1):97-105. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 1.1019

Enzymes


Cholinesterase
Name Cholinesterase
Gene Name BCHE
Actions substrate
References
  • Maizel' EB, Rozengart EV, Khakimov IuP, Abduvakhabov AA, Aslanov KhA: [Ephedrine, salsoline and cytisine derivatives as substrates and inhibitirs of cholinesterases]. Biokhimiia. 1978 Jul;43(7):1150-6. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 0.6948

Predictions


Id Partner name Gene Name Score
713 Sodium-dependent dopamine transporter SLC6A3 0.197
824 Sodium-dependent serotonin transporter SLC6A4 0.1743
4119 Cytochrome P450 2D6 CYP2D6 0.1527
318 Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor ADRA2A 0.128
1636 Trace amine-associated receptor 1 TAAR1 0.1152
632 Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor ADRA1B 0.1072
4512 Cytochrome P450 3A4 CYP3A4 0.1061
1588 Multidrug resistance protein 1 ABCB1 0.0877
502 5-hydroxytryptamine 2A receptor HTR2A 0.0773
831 D(2) dopamine receptor DRD2 0.0669
3941 Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A MAOA 0.0611
766 Beta-2 adrenergic receptor ADRB2 0.0588
813 Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-2 CHRNA2 0.0569
617 Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2 CHRM2 0.056
789 Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor ADRA1D 0.0555
103 Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1 CHRM1 0.0529
4200 Cytochrome P450 1A2 CYP1A2 0.0487
3939 Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B MAOB 0.0476
629 Alpha-2B adrenergic receptor ADRA2B 0.0425
492 Histamine H1 receptor HRH1 0.0421
6145 Solute carrier family 22 member 1 SLC22A1 0.0397
590 5-hydroxytryptamine 2C receptor HTR2C 0.0387
23 D(1A) dopamine receptor DRD1 0.0386
51 Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M3 CHRM3 0.0376
378 Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor ADRA2C 0.037
3454 Esterase estA 0.0353
6030 Cytochrome P450 2B6 CYP2B6 0.0342
193 Beta-1 adrenergic receptor ADRB1 0.0341
5259 Transcriptional regulator ntrC1 0.0327
6699 Transcriptional regulator Cgl2612 0.0327
6144 Solute carrier family 22 member 2 SLC22A2 0.0321
6147 Solute carrier family 22 member 3 SLC22A3 0.0299
1181 Alpha-1-acid glycoprotein 1 ORM1 0.0298
198 Sodium channel protein type 10 subunit alpha SCN10A 0.0292
6016 Cytochrome P450 2C19 CYP2C19 0.029
118 Organic cation/carnitine transporter 2 SLC22A5 0.028
4264 Alpha-L-fucosidase, putative TM_0306 0.0278
320 5-hydroxytryptamine 1A receptor HTR1A 0.0273
436 5-hydroxytryptamine 2B receptor HTR2B 0.0271
458 Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-10 CHRNA10 0.0257
4757 Cytochrome P450 2C9 CYP2C9 0.025
274 Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5 CHRM5 0.0242
5251 Carbonyl reductase [NADPH] 1 CBR1 0.0238
450 Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M4 CHRM4 0.0236
1517 Beta-3 adrenergic receptor ADRB3 0.0216
6794 Uncharacterized lipoprotein ybbD ybbD 0.0213
2662 Glutamate racemase murI 0.0213
6299 Glutamate racemase murI 0.0213
6641 Glutamate racemase murI 0.0213
6771 Glutamate racemase murI 0.0213
6892 Glutamate racemase murI 0.0213
6795 Phosphoenolpyruvate-protein phosphotransferase ptsP 0.0213
435 Kynureninase KYNU 0.0213
4654 Kynureninase kynU 0.0213
2433 Capsid protein P40 UL80 0.0213
3569 Capsid protein P40 BVRF2 0.0213
982 Cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript protein CARTPT 0.0204
4118 Cytochrome P450 3A5 CYP3A5 0.0195
2049 Gastrin/cholecystokinin type B receptor CCKBR 0.0191
3076 Antigen 85-C fbpC 0.0187
341 5-hydroxytryptamine 3 receptor HTR3A 0.018
706 Glutamate [NMDA] receptor subunit 3A GRIN3A 0.0175
6013 Cytochrome P450 2E1 CYP2E1 0.0173
638 D(3) dopamine receptor DRD3 0.0158
2517 Subtilisin BPN' apr 0.0155
4120 NADPH--cytochrome P450 reductase POR 0.0152
2796 Parathion hydrolase opd 0.0147
6539 Parathion hydrolase opd 0.0147
401 Glutamate [NMDA] receptor subunit zeta-1 GRIN1 0.0142
244 Angiotensin-converting enzyme ACE 0.0133
124 Histamine H2 receptor HRH2 0.0127
2929 (S)-2-haloacid dehalogenase dhlB 0.0124
2995 (S)-2-haloacid dehalogenase Not Available 0.0124
587 Serum albumin ALB 0.0124
432 D(4) dopamine receptor DRD4 0.0117
776 Bile salt export pump ABCB11 0.0117
1539 Oligopeptide transporter, small intestine isoform SLC15A1 0.0117
465 Calmodulin CALM1 0.0112
101 Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2 KCNH2 0.0111
6107 Cytochrome P450 3A7 CYP3A7 0.0107
5718 Cytochrome P450 2A6 CYP2A6 0.0106
290 Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 PTGS2 0.0105
2998 Sialic acid-binding Ig-like lectin 7 SIGLEC7 0.0104
725 5-hydroxytryptamine 1D receptor HTR1D 0.0099
1735 Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1 ABCC2 0.0098
4674 2-hydroxy-6-oxo-7-methylocta-2,4-dienoate hydrolase cumD 0.0097
4787 Envelope glycoprotein gp160 env 0.0094
4820 Envelope glycoprotein gp160 env 0.0094
5727 Envelope glycoprotein gp160 env 0.0094
20 Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1 PTGS1 0.0091
828 Phenylalanine-4-hydroxylase PAH 0.0089
3109 Phenylalanine-4-hydroxylase phhA 0.0089
220 Sodium channel protein type 5 subunit alpha SCN5A 0.0088
1656 CYP2B protein CYP2B 0.0087
144 Hemoglobin subunit alpha HBA1 0.0087
872 Gamma-aminobutyric-acid receptor subunit alpha-1 GABRA1 0.0086
3176 Trypsin-1 PRSS1 0.0086
4924 Cytochrome P450 2C8 CYP2C8 0.0086
885 5-hydroxytryptamine 1B receptor HTR1B 0.0085
3811 Cytochrome P450 19A1 CYP19A1 0.0085
716 5-hydroxytryptamine 7 receptor HTR7 0.0083
1974 Oligopeptide transporter, kidney isoform SLC15A2 0.0082
163 D(1B) dopamine receptor DRD5 0.0081
1256 5-hydroxytryptamine 6 receptor HTR6 0.008
275 Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase ALOX5 0.0079
514 Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 6 KCNH6 0.0078
772 Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 7 KCNH7 0.0078
5878 Alpha-7 nicotinic cholinergic receptor subunit CHRFAM7A 0.0078
3876 Aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase DDC 0.0074
3947 Xanthine dehydrogenase/oxidase XDH 0.0072
833 Organic cation/carnitine transporter 1 SLC22A4 0.0072
1178 Adenosine A2a receptor ADORA2A 0.0072
3626 Probable polysaccharide deacetylase pdaA pdaA 0.0071
6432 Transporter snf 0.0071
3426 Glutamine synthetase glnA 0.007
3987 Glutamine synthetase GLUL 0.007
6024 Cytochrome P450 1A1 CYP1A1 0.0069
6079 Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-3 CHRNA3 0.0066
85 Growth hormone receptor GHR 0.0065
4666 Fucose-binding lectin PA-IIL lecB 0.0062
4785 Ig gamma-1 chain C region IGHG1 0.006
1373 Glucosylceramidase GBA 0.0056
467 Delta-type opioid receptor OPRD1 0.0055
696 Kappa-type opioid receptor OPRK1 0.0055
6106 Cytochrome P450 2C18 CYP2C18 0.0055
3480 Mannan endo-1,4-beta-mannosidase manA 0.0054
1757 Myeloperoxidase MPO 0.0053
6082 Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-3 CHRNB3 0.0051
6080 Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-5 CHRNA5 0.0051
948 Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-2 CHRNB2 0.0051
4097 Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-9 CHRNA9 0.0051
737 Mineralocorticoid receptor NR3C2 0.0048
6081 Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-6 CHRNA6 0.0047
1732 ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 2 ABCG2 0.0047
6178 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B7 UGT2B7 0.0046
4784 Beta-mannosidase manB 0.0046
6695 Beta-mannosidase BT_0458 0.0046
6164 POU domain, class 5, transcription factor 1 POU5F1 0.0045
904 Glutathione S-transferase P GSTP1 0.0045
2981 Phospholipase A2, membrane associated PLA2G2A 0.0044
6078 Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-4 CHRNB4 0.0044
614 Progesterone receptor PGR 0.0043
6138 Multidrug resistance protein 3 ABCB4 0.0043
232 Corticosteroid-binding globulin SERPINA6 0.0043
6099 Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily D member 3 KCND3 0.0042
6098 Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily D member 2 KCND2 0.0042
606 Cytochrome P450 27, mitochondrial CYP27A1 0.0042
6182 Cytochrome P450 2J2 CYP2J2 0.0041
468 Cytochrome P450 4A11 CYP4A11 0.0041
847 Mu-type opioid receptor OPRM1 0.004
482 Glycine receptor subunit alpha-1 GLRA1 0.004
146 Androgen receptor AR 0.0039
3929 Phosphoethanolamine/phosphocholine phosphatase PHOSPHO1 0.0039
549 Choline-phosphate cytidylyltransferase B PCYT1B 0.0039
264 Choline/ethanolamine kinase [Includes: Choline kinase beta CHKB 0.0039
861 Choline kinase alpha CHKA 0.0039
700 Choline dehydrogenase, mitochondrial CHDH 0.0039
3933 Choline/ethanolaminephosphotransferase CEPT1 0.0039
1686 Choline transporter-like protein 1 SLC44A1 0.0039
3927 Choline transporter-like protein 3 SLC44A3 0.0039
3926 Choline transporter-like protein 2 SLC44A2 0.0039
576 Choline O-acetyltransferase CHAT 0.0039
769 High-affinity choline transporter 1 SLC5A7 0.0039
3925 Choline transporter-like protein 4 SLC44A4 0.0039
3922 Phospholipase D2 PLD2 0.0039
3924 Phospholipase D1 PLD1 0.0039
4115 Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D CACNA1D 0.0039
478 Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C CACNA1C 0.0038
528 5-hydroxytryptamine 1E receptor HTR1E 0.0037
6086 Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2 GABRG2 0.0036
871 Glucocorticoid receptor NR3C1 0.0036
4113 Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1F CACNA1F 0.0036
4100 Gamma-aminobutyric-acid receptor subunit beta-2 GABRB2 0.0036
6025 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-4 UGT1A4 0.0036
439 Glutamate [NMDA] receptor subunit epsilon-4 GRIN2D 0.0036
734 D1 dopamine receptor-interacting protein calcyon CALY 0.0035
6859 Protein S100-A4 S100A4 0.0035
6018 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-9 UGT1A9 0.0035
2297 Genome polyprotein Not Available 0.0034
2322 Genome polyprotein Not Available 0.0034
2694 Genome polyprotein Not Available 0.0034
2719 Genome polyprotein Not Available 0.0034
2860 Genome polyprotein Not Available 0.0034
2928 Genome polyprotein Not Available 0.0034
3160 Genome polyprotein Not Available 0.0034
3260 Genome polyprotein Not Available 0.0034
4783 Genome polyprotein Not Available 0.0034
5726 Genome polyprotein Not Available 0.0034
5779 Genome polyprotein Not Available 0.0034
5867 Genome polyprotein Not Available 0.0034
6253 Genome polyprotein Not Available 0.0034
6301 Genome polyprotein Not Available 0.0034
6380 Genome polyprotein Not Available 0.0034
6381 Genome polyprotein Not Available 0.0034
6437 Genome polyprotein Not Available 0.0034
6520 Genome polyprotein Not Available 0.0034
6521 Genome polyprotein Not Available 0.0034
6652 Genome polyprotein Not Available 0.0034
6734 Genome polyprotein Not Available 0.0034
6735 Genome polyprotein Not Available 0.0034
6736 Genome polyprotein Not Available 0.0034
6737 Genome polyprotein Not Available 0.0034
6738 Genome polyprotein Not Available 0.0034
6739 Genome polyprotein Not Available 0.0034
6744 Genome polyprotein Not Available 0.0034
6748 Genome polyprotein Not Available 0.0034
6894 Genome polyprotein Not Available 0.0034
6898 Genome polyprotein Not Available 0.0034
1632 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2B1 SLCO2B1 0.0034
677 Choline-phosphate cytidylyltransferase A PCYT1A 0.0033
591 Glutamate [NMDA] receptor subunit 3B GRIN3B 0.0033
1064 DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 1 DNMT1 0.0032
947 Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-4 CHRNA4 0.0031
4095 Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-7 CHRNA7 0.0031
3437 Eosinophil lysophospholipase CLC 0.003
4111 Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1S CACNA1S 0.003
6151 Monocarboxylate transporter 10 SLC16A10 0.003
5449 Hypothetical gliding protein mglB 0.003
5443 UPF0189 protein ymdB ymdB 0.003
5440 UPF0067 protein yebR yebR 0.003
5439 33 kDa chaperonin hslO 0.003
4705 Manganese catalase Not Available 0.003
2720 Copper-containing nitrite reductase nirK 0.003
3781 Thiol:disulfide interchange protein dsbC precursor dsbC 0.003
5446 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate 8-phosphate phosphatase HI_1679 0.003
5448 Ribonuclease Z rnz 0.003
332 Beta-lactamase blaZ 0.003
2478 Beta-lactamase ampC 0.003
2613 Beta-lactamase ampC 0.003
2635 Beta-lactamase ampC 0.003
2700 Beta-lactamase penP 0.003
5445 Beta-lactamase blaB 0.003
6019 Beta-lactamase SHV-7 0.003
6701 Beta-lactamase cphA 0.003
5447 Lethal(3)malignant brain tumor-like protein L3MBTL1 0.003
5454 Internalin-A inlA 0.003
4498 Ornithine cyclodeaminase PP3533 0.0029
1360 Sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase SMPD1 0.0029
215 Sodium channel protein type 11 subunit alpha SCN11A 0.0028
5450 Prolyl endopeptidase Pep pep 0.0026
6131 Carbonic anhydrase 14 CA14 0.0026
3736 Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase A gapA 0.0026
3356 Diaminopimelate decarboxylase lysA 0.0026
4771 Dissimilatory copper-containing nitrite reductase nir 0.0026
2714 Chorismate mutase aroH 0.0026
4611 Chorismate mutase aroG 0.0026
3274 Hydroxylamine reductase hcp 0.0026
4804 Hydroxylamine reductase hcp 0.0026
6100 BDNF/NT-3 growth factors receptor NTRK2 0.0026
2207 Rhodopsin RHO 0.0024
597 Dihydropteridine reductase QDPR 0.0024
3462 Tyrosine-protein kinase transforming protein Abl ABL 0.0024
3399 Limonene-1,2-epoxide hydrolase limA 0.0024
1561 Troponin C, slow skeletal and cardiac muscles TNNC1 0.0024
3697 Bifunctional protein glmU [Includes: UDP-N-acetylglucosamine pyrophosphorylase glmU 0.0024
5180 L(+)-mandelate dehydrogenase mdlB 0.0023
4608 Putative cytochrome P450 SCO1207 0.0023
4963 Putative cytochrome P450 SCO2884 0.0023
6254 Putative cytochrome P450 SCO6998 0.0023
3500 Putative family 31 glucosidase yicI yicI 0.0023
577 Argininosuccinate lyase ASL 0.0022
1615 Chymase CMA1 0.0022
6139 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A2 SLCO1A2 0.0022
2597 Glucosamine--fructose-6-phosphate aminotransferase [isomerizing] glmS 0.0021
365 Dihydrofolate reductase DHFR 0.0021
2381 Dihydrofolate reductase DFR1 0.0021
2833 Dihydrofolate reductase Not Available 0.0021
2931 Dihydrofolate reductase folA 0.0021
3544 Dihydrofolate reductase folA 0.0021
3682 Dihydrofolate reductase folA 0.0021
6642 Dihydrofolate reductase folA 0.0021
6756 Dihydrofolate reductase dfrA 0.0021
1618 High affinity nerve growth factor receptor NTRK1 0.002
287 Beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase 1 B4GALT1 0.002
102 DNA topoisomerase I, mitochondrial TOP1MT 0.002
1086 Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 2 KCNQ2 0.0019
1374 Natriuretic peptides B NPPB 0.0019
1827 Gap junction alpha-1 protein GJA1 0.0019
1908 Vascular cell adhesion protein 1 VCAM1 0.0019
4110 Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-2 CACNB2 0.0017
1353 DNA topoisomerase 1 TOP1 0.0017
3552 DNA topoisomerase 1 topA 0.0017
364 Corticosteroid 11-beta-dehydrogenase isozyme 1 HSD11B1 0.0016
4604 Liver carboxylesterase 1 CES1 0.0016
194 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 subunit C2 NDUFC2 0.0016
858 Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 1 KCNA1 0.0015
183 Vascular endothelial growth factor A VEGFA 0.0014
6161 Probable low affinity copper uptake protein 2 SLC31A2 0.0014
233 Potassium channel subfamily K member 2 KCNK2 0.0014
6163 Copper-transporting ATPase 2 ATP7B 0.0013
6165 Copper-transporting ATPase 1 ATP7A 0.0013
6146 High affinity copper uptake protein 1 SLC31A1 0.0012
4152 Superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn] SOD1 0.0012
6101 Dimethylaniline monooxygenase [N-oxide-forming] 3 FMO3 0.0012
908 Glutathione S-transferase theta-1 GSTT1 0.0012
4114 Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-3 CACNB3 0.0012
4112 Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-4 CACNB4 0.0012
6022 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-1 UGT1A1 0.0011
6047 Calcium/calmodulin-dependent 3',5'-cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase 1A PDE1A 0.0011
896 Glutathione S-transferase Mu 1 GSTM1 0.0011
333 Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-1 CACNB1 0.0011
5692 Calcium/calmodulin-dependent 3',5'-cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase 1B PDE1B 0.0011
6137 Multidrug resistance-associated protein 6 ABCC6 0.001
862 Multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 ABCC1 0.001
1490 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1 SLCO1B1 0.001
158 Sodium channel protein type 1 subunit alpha SCN1A 0.001
2157 NAD(P)H dehydrogenase [quinone] 1 NQO1 0.001
6136 Multidrug resistance-associated protein 5 ABCC5 0.001
4878 Glycoprotein hormones alpha chain CGA 0.0009
1052 Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte protein 4 CTLA4 0.0009
1072 Granzyme B GZMB 0.0009
4889 Ig epsilon chain C region IGHE 0.0009
4877 Beta-mannanase man 0.0009
4871 Endo-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase F3 endOF3 0.0009
4189 Alpha-galactosidase A GLA 0.0009
4850 Beta-2-glycoprotein 1 APOH 0.0009
4880 Membrane cofactor protein CD46 0.0009
4856 CD209 antigen CD209 0.0009
1354 Beta-glucuronidase GUSB 0.0009
757 Fusion glycoprotein F0 F 0.0009
4875 Fusion glycoprotein F0 F 0.0009
4869 Major capsid protein A430L 0.0009
4852 Reticulon-4 receptor RTN4R 0.0009
4845 ADAM 33 ADAM33 0.0009
1563 Platelet glycoprotein Ib alpha chain GP1BA 0.0009
442 Envelope glycoprotein gp41 0.0009
4859 Envelope glycoprotein env 0.0009
4882 Dipeptidyl aminopeptidase-like protein 6 DPP6 0.0009
4721 Beta-1,4-mannanase manA 0.0009
3352 Structural polyprotein Not Available 0.0009
3628 Structural polyprotein Not Available 0.0009
4892 Structural polyprotein Not Available 0.0009
1709 Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 2 ABCC3 0.0009
762 Voltage-dependent calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta-1 CACNA2D1 0.0008
4861 Interleukin-6 receptor alpha chain IL6R 0.0008
793 T-cell surface antigen CD2 CD2 0.0008
119 Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 CEACAM1 0.0008
4193 Atrial natriuretic peptide clearance receptor NPR3 0.0008
3837 Cytokine receptor common beta chain CSF2RB 0.0008
164 Histamine H4 receptor HRH4 0.0007
4890 Hemagglutinin HA 0.0007
6566 Hemagglutinin Not Available 0.0007
1379 Interleukin-12 subunit beta IL12B 0.0007
4857 Zinc-alpha-2-glycoprotein AZGP1 0.0007
6858 Inactive carboxylesterase 4 CES1P1 0.0007
1184 Interferon beta IFNB1 0.0007
6120 Cation-independent mannose-6-phosphate receptor IGF2R 0.0007
18 High affinity immunoglobulin epsilon receptor subunit alpha FCER1A 0.0006
554 Low-density lipoprotein receptor LDLR 0.0006
852 Heparin cofactor 2 SERPIND1 0.0006
1859 Prostatic acid phosphatase ACPP 0.0006
3444 Cyanovirin-N Not Available 0.0006
3140 Hemagglutinin-neuraminidase HN 0.0006
3609 Hemagglutinin-neuraminidase HN 0.0006
595 Fibrinogen alpha chain FGA 0.0006
3258 Mannosyl-oligosaccharide alpha-1,2-mannosidase MSDC 0.0006
2372 Bifunctional tail protein 9 0.0005
958 Insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor IGF1R 0.0005
2577 Endoplasmic reticulum mannosyl-oligosaccharide 1,2-alpha-mannosidase MAN1B1 0.0005
3814 Complement C1r subcomponent C1R 0.0005
64 Neuraminidase NA 0.0005
641 Neuraminidase NA 0.0005
2676 Neuraminidase NA 0.0005
3026 Neuraminidase NA 0.0005
3519 Neuraminidase NA 0.0005
6007 Neuraminidase NA 0.0005
1243 Cathepsin D CTSD 0.0005
1439 Lactotransferrin LTF 0.0005
1782 Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin LCN2 0.0005
309 Antithrombin-III SERPINC1 0.0005
2430 Chondroitinase B cslB 0.0004
6307 Ig gamma-2 chain C region IGHG2 0.0004
1898 Cytochrome P450 1B1 CYP1B1 0.0004
2581 Chondroitinase AC cslA 0.0004
6847 Lactase-phlorizin hydrolase LCT 0.0004
6500 Phospholipase A2 PLA2G1B 0.0004
76 Nitric-oxide synthase, brain NOS1 0.0003
952 Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 DPP4 0.0003
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