DT-Web

DB00529 - Foscarnet


Identification
Name Foscarnet
Accession Number DB00529 (APRD00669)
Type small molecule
Description An antiviral agent used in the treatment of cytomegalovirus retinitis. Foscarnet also shows activity against human herpesviruses and HIV. [PubChem]
Structure
MOL SDF PDB SMILES InChI
Categories (*)
Molecular Weight 126.0053
Groups approved
Monoisotopic Weight 125.971809718
Pharmacology
Indication For the treatment of CMV retinitis in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and for treatment of acyclovir-resistant mucocutaneous HSV infections in immunocompromised patients.
Mechanism of action Foscarnet exerts its antiviral activity by a selective inhibition at the pyrophosphate binding site on virus-specific DNA polymerases at concentrations that do not affect cellular DNA polymerases.
Absorption Poorly absorbed after oral administration (bioavailability from 12 to 22%).
Protein binding 14-17%
Biotransformation Not metabolized.
Route of elimination Not Available
Toxicity Oral, rat LD50: >2,000 mg/kg. Signs of overdose include renal impairment.
Affected organisms
  • Human Herpes Virus
Interactions
Drug Interactions
Drug Mechanism of interaction
Artemether Additive QTc-prolongation may occur. Concomitant therapy should be avoided.
Ciprofloxacin Increased risk of convulsions
Cyclosporine Monitor for nephrotoxicity
Lumefantrine Additive QTc-prolongation may occur. Concomitant therapy should be avoided.
Norfloxacin Increased risk of convulsions
Ofloxacin Increased risk of convulsions
Quinupristin This combination presents an increased risk of toxicity
Tacrolimus Additive QTc-prolongation may occur increasing the risk of serious ventricular arrhythmias. Concomitant therapy should be used with caution.
Thiothixene May cause additive QTc-prolonging effects. Increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias. Consider alternate therapy. Thorough risk:benefit assessment is required prior to co-administration.
Toremifene Additive QTc-prolongation may occur, increasing the risk of serious ventricular arrhythmias. Consider alternate therapy. A thorough risk:benefit assessment is required prior to co-administration.
Trimipramine Additive QTc-prolongation may occur, increasing the risk of serious ventricular arrhythmias. Concomitant therapy should be used with caution.
Voriconazole Additive QTc prolongation may occur. Consider alternate therapy or monitor for QTc prolongation as this can lead to Torsade de Pointes (TdP).
Vorinostat Additive QTc prolongation may occur. Consider alternate therapy or monitor for QTc prolongation as this can lead to Torsade de Pointes (TdP).
Ziprasidone Additive QTc-prolonging effects may increase the risk of severe arrhythmias. Concomitant therapy is contraindicated.
Zuclopenthixol Additive QTc prolongation may occur. Consider alternate therapy or use caution and monitor for QTc prolongation as this can lead to Torsade de Pointes (TdP).
Food Interactions Not Available

Targets


DNA polymerase
Name DNA polymerase
Gene Name UL54
Pharmacological action yes
Actions inhibitor
References
  • Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. - Pubmed
  • Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. - Pubmed
  • Ducancelle A, Alain S, Petit F, Sanson Le Pors MJ, Mazeron MC: Development and validation of a non-radioactive DNA polymerase assay for studying cytomegalovirus resistance to foscarnet. J Virol Methods. 2007 May;141(2):212-5. Epub 2007 Jan 2. - Pubmed
  • Bonnafous P, Naesens L, Petrella S, Gautheret-Dejean A, Boutolleau D, Sougakoff W, Agut H: Different mutations in the HHV-6 DNA polymerase gene accounting for resistance to foscarnet. Antivir Ther. 2007;12(6):877-88. - Pubmed
  • Tchesnokov EP, Gilbert C, Boivin G, Gotte M: Role of helix P of the human cytomegalovirus DNA polymerase in resistance and hypersusceptibility to the antiviral drug foscarnet. J Virol. 2006 Feb;80(3):1440-50. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 0.5199
DNA polymerase
Name DNA polymerase
Gene Name UL30
Pharmacological action yes
Actions inhibitor
References
  • Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. - Pubmed
  • Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. - Pubmed
  • Ducancelle A, Alain S, Petit F, Sanson Le Pors MJ, Mazeron MC: Development and validation of a non-radioactive DNA polymerase assay for studying cytomegalovirus resistance to foscarnet. J Virol Methods. 2007 May;141(2):212-5. Epub 2007 Jan 2. - Pubmed
  • Bonnafous P, Naesens L, Petrella S, Gautheret-Dejean A, Boutolleau D, Sougakoff W, Agut H: Different mutations in the HHV-6 DNA polymerase gene accounting for resistance to foscarnet. Antivir Ther. 2007;12(6):877-88. - Pubmed
  • Tchesnokov EP, Gilbert C, Boivin G, Gotte M: Role of helix P of the human cytomegalovirus DNA polymerase in resistance and hypersusceptibility to the antiviral drug foscarnet. J Virol. 2006 Feb;80(3):1440-50. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 0.5199

Transporters


Solute carrier family 22 member 6
Name Solute carrier family 22 member 6
Gene Name SLC22A6
Actions inhibitor
References
  • Wada S, Tsuda M, Sekine T, Cha SH, Kimura M, Kanai Y, Endou H: Rat multispecific organic anion transporter 1 (rOAT1) transports zidovudine, acyclovir, and other antiviral nucleoside analogs. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2000 Sep;294(3):844-9. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 0.4569
Monocarboxylate transporter 1
Name Monocarboxylate transporter 1
Gene Name SLC16A1
Actions substrate
References
  • Tamai I, Sai Y, Ono A, Kido Y, Yabuuchi H, Takanaga H, Satoh E, Ogihara T, Amano O, Izeki S, Tsuji A: Immunohistochemical and functional characterization of pH-dependent intestinal absorption of weak organic acids by the monocarboxylic acid transporter MCT1. J Pharm Pharmacol. 1999 Oct;51(10):1113-21. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 0.329

Predictions


Id Partner name Gene Name Score
697 DNA polymerase ORF28 0.5199
2482 DNA polymerase 43 0.5199
4104 DNA polymerase BALF5 0.5199
3639 Thymidine phosphorylase deoA 0.1651
3936 Thymidine phosphorylase TYMP 0.1651
6142 Solute carrier family 22 member 8 SLC22A8 0.1161
489 Monocarboxylate transporter 2 SLC16A7 0.1124
500 Monocarboxylate transporter 4 SLC16A3 0.0856
6143 Solute carrier family 22 member 7 SLC22A7 0.0622
1632 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2B1 SLCO2B1 0.0547
1024 Solute carrier family 22 member 11 SLC22A11 0.0538
6140 Ileal sodium/bile acid cotransporter SLC10A2 0.0521
6145 Solute carrier family 22 member 1 SLC22A1 0.0449
1539 Oligopeptide transporter, small intestine isoform SLC15A1 0.0439
1974 Oligopeptide transporter, kidney isoform SLC15A2 0.0426
4512 Cytochrome P450 3A4 CYP3A4 0.0425
6020 Aldehyde oxidase AOX1 0.0414
587 Serum albumin ALB 0.0386
20 Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1 PTGS1 0.0369
509 Thymidine kinase TK 0.0331
570 Thymidine kinase TK 0.0331
2559 Thymidine kinase TK 0.0331
3430 Thymidine kinase tdk 0.0331
3518 Thymidine kinase TK 0.0331
5301 Thymidine kinase tdk 0.0331
5771 Thymidine kinase ORF36 0.0331
7009 Thymidine kinase ORF36 0.0331
290 Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 PTGS2 0.0331
6154 Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 1 SLC47A1 0.0328
118 Organic cation/carnitine transporter 2 SLC22A5 0.0313
471 Sodium- and chloride-dependent neutral and basic amino acid transporter B(0+) SLC6A14 0.0294
4757 Cytochrome P450 2C9 CYP2C9 0.0258
1588 Multidrug resistance protein 1 ABCB1 0.0249
2929 (S)-2-haloacid dehalogenase dhlB 0.0248
2995 (S)-2-haloacid dehalogenase Not Available 0.0248
2164 Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4 ABCC4 0.0215
1490 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1 SLCO1B1 0.021
1735 Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1 ABCC2 0.02
6139 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A2 SLCO1A2 0.0197
862 Multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 ABCC1 0.0193
2293 Cyclomaltodextrin glucanotransferase Not Available 0.0177
2508 Cyclomaltodextrin glucanotransferase cgt 0.0177
2523 Cyclomaltodextrin glucanotransferase cgt 0.0177
3207 Cyclomaltodextrin glucanotransferase amyA 0.0177
4924 Cytochrome P450 2C8 CYP2C8 0.0176
6018 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-9 UGT1A9 0.0164
723 Cytosolic phospholipase A2 PLA2G4A 0.0159
3184 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate hydroxymethyltransferase panB 0.0159
3315 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate hydroxymethyltransferase panB 0.0159
3179 2-isopropylmalate synthase leuA 0.0159
6160 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 3A1 SLCO3A1 0.0149
633 Penicillin-binding proteins 1A/1B pbpA 0.0149
6152 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2A1 SLCO2A1 0.0148
6016 Cytochrome P450 2C19 CYP2C19 0.0145
6012 Tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase TDO2 0.0145
5650 NimA-related protein DR_0842 0.0142
1732 ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 2 ABCG2 0.0141
592 Carbonic anhydrase 4 CA4 0.0141
404 DNA gyrase subunit A gyrA 0.0139
6224 DNA gyrase subunit A gyrA 0.0139
4119 Cytochrome P450 2D6 CYP2D6 0.0139
4132 Chloride channel protein ClC-Ka CLCNKA 0.0139
4200 Cytochrome P450 1A2 CYP1A2 0.0139
6155 ATP-binding cassette transporter sub-family C member 11 ABCC11 0.0134
295 Carbonic anhydrase 1 CA1 0.0133
3334 Deacetoxycephalosporin C synthetase cefE 0.0127
308 30S ribosomal protein S12 rpsL 0.0122
6704 30S ribosomal protein S12 rpsL 0.0122
357 Carbonic anhydrase 2 CA2 0.0116
6149 Solute carrier family 22 member 10 SLC22A10 0.0115
6157 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B3 SLCO1B3 0.0114
3254 Bifunctional protein putA [Includes: Proline dehydrogenase putA 0.0112
4098 Gamma-aminobutyric-acid receptor subunit beta-1 GABRB1 0.0112
776 Bile salt export pump ABCB11 0.0112
6144 Solute carrier family 22 member 2 SLC22A2 0.011
6158 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1C1 SLCO1C1 0.011
4790 Glycosyltransferase GtfA gtfA 0.011
795 Branched-chain-amino-acid aminotransferase, mitochondrial BCAT2 0.0107
928 Nicotinic acid receptor 2 GPR109B 0.0105
860 Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase NNMT 0.0105
583 Nicotinate-nucleotide pyrophosphorylase [carboxylating] QPRT 0.0105
2442 Nicotinate-nucleotide pyrophosphorylase [carboxylating] nadC 0.0105
2459 Nicotinate-nucleotide pyrophosphorylase [carboxylating] nadC 0.0105
699 Nicotinic acid receptor 1 GPR109A 0.0105
1709 Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 2 ABCC3 0.0104
4118 Cytochrome P450 3A5 CYP3A5 0.0102
645 Penicillin-binding protein 1A mrcA 0.01
5805 Penicillin-binding protein 1A ponA 0.01
6185 Penicillin-binding protein 1A mrcA 0.01
6799 Penicillin-binding protein 1A pbpA 0.01
6151 Monocarboxylate transporter 10 SLC16A10 0.0098
5849 cAMP-dependent protein kinase type I-alpha regulatory subunit PRKAR1A 0.0092
6178 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B7 UGT2B7 0.009
1244 Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 2 LRP2 0.009
6500 Phospholipase A2 PLA2G1B 0.0085
833 Organic cation/carnitine transporter 1 SLC22A4 0.0085
139 Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C1 AKR1C1 0.0084
230 ATP-binding cassette transporter sub-family C member 8 ABCC8 0.0083
2016 Dipeptidase 1 DPEP1 0.0082
6126 Carbonic anhydrase 7 CA7 0.0082
6141 Sodium/bile acid cotransporter SLC10A1 0.0082
280 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase, mitochondrial ABAT 0.0078
543 Penicillin-binding protein 1B mrcB 0.0077
6186 Penicillin-binding protein 1B ponB 0.0077
6822 Penicillin-binding protein 1b pbp1b 0.0077
6844 Penicillin-binding protein 1b pbp1b 0.0077
22 30S ribosomal protein S4 rpsD 0.0072
6714 30S ribosomal protein S4 rpsD 0.0072
6148 Multidrug resistance-associated protein 7 ABCC10 0.0071
3806 cGMP-dependent 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase PDE2A 0.0071
6107 Cytochrome P450 3A7 CYP3A7 0.0071
6136 Multidrug resistance-associated protein 5 ABCC5 0.007
6177 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-10 UGT1A10 0.0069
140 30S ribosomal protein S9 rpsI 0.0068
6719 30S ribosomal protein S9 rpsI 0.0068
6725 30S ribosomal protein S9 rpsI 0.0068
2222 Equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 SLC29A1 0.0068
6176 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-3 UGT1A3 0.0065
3917 Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase MTHFR 0.0065
3014 Ribonuclease UK114 HRSP12 0.0064
5428 Replication protein repA 0.0064
3617 Non-heme chloroperoxidase cpo 0.0064
5426 Non-heme chloroperoxidase cpo 0.0064
5427 Hydroxyquinol 1,2-dioxygenase chqB 0.0064
3718 Hydrogen peroxide-inducible genes activator oxyR 0.0064
3018 HTH-type transcriptional regulator malT malT 0.0064
477 DNA topoisomerase 4 subunit A parC 0.0064
886 DNA topoisomerase 4 subunit A parC 0.0064
6226 DNA topoisomerase 4 subunit A parC 0.0064
6024 Cytochrome P450 1A1 CYP1A1 0.0064
6106 Cytochrome P450 2C18 CYP2C18 0.0063
5626 Nucleoside diphosphate kinase B NME2 0.006
6181 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-8 UGT1A8 0.006
2320 Thymidine kinase, cytosolic TK1 0.0059
558 Solute carrier family 12 member 1 SLC12A1 0.0059
397 Monocarboxylate transporter 3 SLC16A8 0.0059
24 Thymidylate synthase TMP1 0.0058
359 Thymidylate synthase TYMS 0.0058
2626 Thymidylate synthase thyA 0.0058
2729 Thymidylate synthase thyA 0.0058
5352 Thymidylate synthase THYA 0.0058
195 Monocarboxylate transporter 7 SLC16A6 0.0058
218 Monocarboxylate transporter 5 SLC16A4 0.0058
5718 Cytochrome P450 2A6 CYP2A6 0.0058
429 Monocarboxylate transporter 6 SLC16A5 0.0058
6837 Serine/threonine-protein kinase 17B STK17B 0.0057
6836 3-hydroxyisobutyryl-CoA hydrolase, mitochondrial HIBCH 0.0057
6153 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 4A1 SLCO4A1 0.0055
2958 Probable tautomerase ydcE pptA 0.0055
2573 Cocaine esterase cocE 0.0055
7263 Cocaine esterase Not Available 0.0055
466 Solute carrier family 12 member 3 SLC12A3 0.0055
2936 Oxygen-insensitive NAD(P)H nitroreductase nfnB 0.0054
5184 Oxygen-insensitive NAD(P)H nitroreductase nfnB 0.0054
3603 Chlorocatechol 1,2-dioxygenase clcA 0.0054
3115 Ras-related protein Rab-9 RAB9A 0.0054
6022 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-1 UGT1A1 0.0053
6270 Group IIE secretory phospholipase A2 PLA2G2E 0.0053
52 Pyruvate kinase isozymes R/L PKLR 0.0052
293 Gamma-glutamyl hydrolase GGH 0.0052
6013 Cytochrome P450 2E1 CYP2E1 0.0051
438 Taste receptor type 1 member 2 TAS1R2 0.0051
253 Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase gamma chain FXYD2 0.0051
6656 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 3A1 UGT3A1 0.005
6167 Organic solute transporter subunit beta OSTB 0.0049
6166 Organic solute transporter subunit alpha OSTA 0.0049
771 Pyruvate carboxylase, mitochondrial PC 0.0049
277 Purine nucleoside phosphorylase PNP 0.0049
2870 Purine nucleoside phosphorylase punA 0.0049
2945 Purine nucleoside phosphorylase punA 0.0049
4659 Purine nucleoside phosphorylase TM_1596 0.0049
4825 Purine nucleoside phosphorylase TTHA1435 0.0049
5294 Nucleoside diphosphate kinase A NME1 0.0048
238 Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma PPARG 0.0048
110 Pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component subunit beta, mitochondrial PDHB 0.0048
98 Pyruvate kinase isozymes M1/M2 PKM2 0.0047
1650 Heme carrier protein 1 SLC46A1 0.0047
6599 HTH-type transcriptional regulator ttgR ttgR 0.0046
373 Transthyretin TTR 0.0046
1119 Peroxiredoxin-5, mitochondrial PRDX5 0.0046
3686 Acyl-CoA thioesterase I precursor tesA 0.0045
1039 Histone deacetylase 9 HDAC9 0.0045
6339 Ig kappa chain V-II region RPMI 6410 Not Available 0.0044
114 Alanine--glyoxylate aminotransferase 2, mitochondrial AGXT2 0.0044
2599 Tyrosine-protein kinase HCK HCK 0.0044
6218 Pannexin-1 PANX1 0.0044
4674 2-hydroxy-6-oxo-7-methylocta-2,4-dienoate hydrolase cumD 0.0043
817 DNA topoisomerase 2-alpha TOP2A 0.0043
5698 Riboflavin synthase alpha chain ribE 0.0043
6344 ATP synthase subunit gamma, mitochondrial ATP5C1 0.0042
6343 ATP synthase subunit beta, mitochondrial ATP5B 0.0042
6342 ATP synthase subunit alpha, mitochondrial ATP5A1 0.0042
3587 Gastrotropin FABP6 0.0042
2693 Heat-labile enterotoxin B chain eltB 0.0042
115 Penicillin-binding protein 2 mrdA 0.0041
6069 Penicillin-binding protein 2 mrdA 0.0041
6118 Penicillin-binding protein 2 penA 0.0041
6187 Penicillin-binding protein 2 pbpA 0.0041
6686 Penicillin-binding protein 2 pbp2 0.0041
6939 Penicillin-binding protein 2 mrdA 0.0041
7163 Penicillin-binding protein 2 pbpA 0.0041
887 DNA gyrase subunit B gyrB 0.0041
4150 DNA gyrase subunit B gyrB 0.0041
6225 DNA gyrase subunit B gyrB 0.0041
408 Riboflavin kinase RFK 0.0041
773 Folylpolyglutamate synthase, mitochondrial FPGS 0.0041
6645 D-amino-acid oxidase DAO 0.0041
6040 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, decarboxylating PGD 0.0041
33 Cystine/glutamate transporter SLC7A11 0.004
199 Monocarboxylate transporter 8 SLC16A2 0.004
275 Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase ALOX5 0.004
630 Short/branched chain specific acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, mitochondrial ACADSB 0.004
1558 Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1 TRPV1 0.004
631 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase HMGCR 0.0039
3387 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase mvaA 0.0039
5818 Folate receptor alpha FOLR1 0.0039
1 Peptidoglycan synthetase ftsI ftsI 0.0038
4155 Peptidoglycan synthetase ftsI ftsI 0.0038
182 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase E1 component, mitochondrial OGDH 0.0038
4162 Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 3 KCNQ3 0.0037
5353 Glutamate decarboxylase alpha gadA 0.0037
6259 (3R)-hydroxymyristoyl-acyl carrier protein dehydratase fabZ 0.0036
244 Angiotensin-converting enzyme ACE 0.0036
6131 Carbonic anhydrase 14 CA14 0.0035
492 Histamine H1 receptor HRH1 0.0035
1086 Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 2 KCNQ2 0.0035
2404 Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit gamma isoform PIK3CG 0.0035
889 3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] synthase 1 fabB 0.0035
6860 3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] synthase 1 kasA 0.0035
1181 Alpha-1-acid glycoprotein 1 ORM1 0.0035
3932 Glutathione S-transferase A2 GSTA2 0.0034
65 Matrix metalloproteinase-9 Not Available 0.0033
170 Succinate semialdehyde dehydrogenase, mitochondrial ALDH5A1 0.0033
6122 Carbonic anhydrase 3 CA3 0.0033
332 Beta-lactamase blaZ 0.0033
2478 Beta-lactamase ampC 0.0033
2613 Beta-lactamase ampC 0.0033
2635 Beta-lactamase ampC 0.0033
2700 Beta-lactamase penP 0.0033
5445 Beta-lactamase blaB 0.0033
6019 Beta-lactamase SHV-7 0.0033
6701 Beta-lactamase cphA 0.0033
3007 Carbonic anhydrase 12 CA12 0.0033
4205 Carbonic anhydrase 9 CA9 0.0033
2184 Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator CFTR 0.0032
6137 Multidrug resistance-associated protein 6 ABCC6 0.0031
2347 Proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase Pim-1 PIM1 0.0031
342 P protein [Includes: DNA-directed DNA polymerase P 0.0031
612 P protein [Includes: DNA-directed DNA polymerase P 0.0031
3426 Glutamine synthetase glnA 0.003
3987 Glutamine synthetase GLUL 0.003
806 Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase alpha-1 chain ATP1A1 0.003
654 Flavin reductase BLVRB 0.0029
6147 Solute carrier family 22 member 3 SLC22A3 0.0029
3688 Branched-chain-amino-acid aminotransferase ilvE 0.0028
6043 Putative G-protein coupled receptor 44 GPR44 0.0028
1757 Myeloperoxidase MPO 0.0028
4252 Penicillin-binding protein 5 dacA 0.0028
6025 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-4 UGT1A4 0.0028
159 Penicillin-binding protein 2B penA 0.0028
6121 Penicillin-binding protein 2B penA 0.0028
2287 Bifunctional purine biosynthesis protein PURH [Includes: Phosphoribosylaminoimidazolecarboxamide formyltransferase ATIC 0.0028
1867 Major prion protein PRNP 0.0028
6030 Cytochrome P450 2B6 CYP2B6 0.0028
650 Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C3 AKR1C3 0.0028
1025 Aquaporin-1 AQP1 0.0027
3685 Catabolite gene activator crp 0.0027
4655 Adenylate cyclase cyaC 0.0027
4759 Adenylate cyclase cyaB2 0.0027
4773 Deoxycytidine kinase DCK 0.0026
130 Prostacyclin synthase PTGIS 0.0025
707 72 kDa type IV collagenase MMP2 0.0025
6180 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B4 UGT2B4 0.0024
6150 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 4C1 SLCO4C1 0.0024
6207 30S ribosomal protein S14 rpsN 0.0024
6209 30S ribosomal protein S19 rpsS 0.0024
6712 30S ribosomal protein S19 rpsS 0.0024
6726 30S ribosomal protein S19 rpsS 0.0024
2249 Aspartate aminotransferase aspC 0.0023
2671 Aspartate aminotransferase aspC 0.0023
5490 Aspartate aminotransferase Not Available 0.0023
4760 Mll3241 protein mll3241 0.0023
365 Dihydrofolate reductase DHFR 0.0022
2381 Dihydrofolate reductase DFR1 0.0022
2833 Dihydrofolate reductase Not Available 0.0022
2931 Dihydrofolate reductase folA 0.0022
3544 Dihydrofolate reductase folA 0.0022
3682 Dihydrofolate reductase folA 0.0022
6642 Dihydrofolate reductase folA 0.0022
6756 Dihydrofolate reductase dfrA 0.0022
709 ATP-sensitive inward rectifier potassium channel 1 KCNJ1 0.0022
1196 Complement decay-accelerating factor CD55 0.0021
6033 High affinity interleukin-8 receptor A CXCR1 0.0021
718 Folate receptor gamma FOLR3 0.0021
299 Folate receptor beta FOLR2 0.0021
804 Mitochondrial folate transporter/carrier SLC25A32 0.0021
3941 Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A MAOA 0.0021
1198 Serum paraoxonase/arylesterase 1 PON1 0.0021
6223 Penicillin-binding protein 1C pbpC 0.0021
40 RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase RAF1 0.0021
527 Prostacyclin receptor PTGIR 0.0021
672 Prostaglandin F2-alpha receptor PTGFR 0.002
146 Androgen receptor AR 0.002
610 Calcium-activated potassium channel subunit alpha 1 KCNMA1 0.002
1714 Mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 MAPK3 0.0019
867 Penicillin-binding protein 3 pbpC 0.0019
6119 Penicillin-binding protein 3 pbp3 0.0019
7154 Penicillin-binding protein 3 pbp3 0.0019
7157 Penicillin-binding protein 3 LMHCC_2184 0.0019
7162 Penicillin-binding protein 3 pbpB 0.0019
7172 Penicillin-binding protein 3 pbp3 0.0019
1654 Interleukin-1 beta IL1B 0.0019
2808 Chloramphenicol acetyltransferase 3 cat3 0.0019
698 B-Raf proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase BRAF 0.0018
53 Solute carrier family 12 member 5 SLC12A5 0.0018
663 Solute carrier family 12 member 4 SLC12A4 0.0018
6014 Cytochrome P450 2A13 CYP2A13 0.0018
2417 Chloramphenicol acetyltransferase cat 0.0017
3278 Chloramphenicol acetyltransferase cat 0.0017
2810 Dr hemagglutinin structural subunit draA 0.0017
2718 Chloramphenicol 3-O phosphotransferase Not Available 0.0017
6179 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B17 UGT2B17 0.0017
380 Cytochrome P450 17A1 CYP17A1 0.0017
310 Solute carrier family 12 member 2 SLC12A2 0.0017
1502 Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta PPARD 0.0016
459 Retinoic acid receptor RXR-alpha RXRA 0.0016
6031 Cytochrome P450 3A43 CYP3A43 0.0016
494 Caspase-1 CASP1 0.0015
183 Vascular endothelial growth factor A VEGFA 0.0015
1507 Cytochrome c CYCS 0.0015
1405 Thiopurine S-methyltransferase TPMT 0.0015
4217 Telomerase reverse transcriptase TERT 0.0014
3760 Penicillin-binding protein 5 precursor dacA 0.0014
822 Aldose reductase AKR1B1 0.0014
677 Choline-phosphate cytidylyltransferase A PCYT1A 0.0013
4024 Mitochondrial glutamate carrier 2 SLC25A18 0.0013
4025 Mitochondrial glutamate carrier 1 SLC25A22 0.0013
1912 Excitatory amino acid transporter 1 SLC1A3 0.0013
4019 Excitatory amino acid transporter 4 SLC1A6 0.0013
922 Glutamate receptor 4 GRIA4 0.0013
4021 Probable glutamyl-tRNA synthetase, mitochondrial EARS2 0.0013
4026 Aspartyl aminopeptidase DNPEP 0.0013
4022 Glutamate--ammonia ligase domain-containing protein 1 LGSN 0.0013
4023 N-acetylglutamate synthase, mitochondrial NAGS 0.0013
4016 Excitatory amino acid transporter 5 SLC1A7 0.0013
1047 Excitatory amino acid transporter 2 SLC1A2 0.0013
927 Metabotropic glutamate receptor 8 GRM8 0.0013
664 Glutamate decarboxylase 2 GAD2 0.0013
3890 Glutamate decarboxylase 2 GAD2 0.0013
4020 Glutamyl aminopeptidase ENPEP 0.0013
4018 Glutamate receptor delta-2 subunit GRID2 0.0013
915 Delta 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase ALDH18A1 0.0013
925 Metabotropic glutamate receptor 4 GRM4 0.0013
926 Metabotropic glutamate receptor 7 GRM7 0.0013
924 Glutamate receptor, ionotropic kainate 3 GRIK3 0.0013
919 Glutamate receptor, ionotropic kainate 4 GRIK4 0.0013
4027 Glutamate receptor delta-1 subunit GRID1 0.0013
920 Glutamate receptor, ionotropic kainate 5 GRIK5 0.0013
4017 5-oxoprolinase OPLAH 0.0013
6184 D-alanyl-D-alanine carboxypeptidase dacC dacC 0.0013
2077 Caspase-3 CASP3 0.0013
819 Penicillin-binding protein 4 dacB 0.0012
625 Glutamate carboxypeptidase 2 FOLH1 0.0012
830 Glutamate dehydrogenase 2, mitochondrial GLUD2 0.0012
702 UMP-CMP kinase CMPK1 0.0012
2981 Phospholipase A2, membrane associated PLA2G2A 0.0012
668 Glutamate--cysteine ligase regulatory subunit GCLM 0.0012
3991 Glutamine-dependent NAD(+) synthetase NADSYN1 0.0011
3984 Probable glutamyl-tRNA(Gln) amidotransferase subunit B, mitochondrial PET112L 0.0011
5 Glutaminase liver isoform, mitochondrial GLS2 0.0011
917 Glutaminase kidney isoform, mitochondrial GLS 0.0011
355 GMP synthase [glutamine-hydrolyzing] GMPS 0.0011
4353 GMP synthase [glutamine-hydrolyzing] guaA 0.0011
3982 Phosphoribosylformylglycinamidine synthase PFAS 0.0011
5261 Phosphoribosylformylglycinamidine synthase purL 0.0011
2021 Thrombomodulin THBD 0.0011
6124 Carbonic anhydrase 5B, mitochondrial CA5B 0.0011
2461 D-alanyl-D-alanine carboxypeptidase Not Available 0.0011
5756 D-alanyl-D-alanine carboxypeptidase dac 0.0011
916 Metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 GRM1 0.0011
665 Phosphoserine aminotransferase PSAT1 0.0011
4652 Phosphoserine aminotransferase serC 0.0011
801 Kynurenine/alpha-aminoadipate aminotransferase mitochondrial AADAT 0.0011
3895 Kynurenine--oxoglutarate transaminase 3 CCBL2 0.0011
420 Glutamate decarboxylase 1 GAD1 0.0011
3900 Glutamate decarboxylase 1 GAD1 0.0011
3961 G protein-activated inward rectifier potassium channel 4 KCNJ5 0.0011
3868 Calcineurin subunit B isoform 2 PPP3R2 0.0011
421 Calcium signal-modulating cyclophilin ligand CAMLG 0.0011
382 Glutamate receptor, ionotropic kainate 1 GRIK1 0.0011
923 Glutamate receptor 3 GRIA3 0.0011
201 Glutamate dehydrogenase 1, mitochondrial GLUD1 0.0011
83 Alpha-aminoadipic semialdehyde synthase, mitochondrial AASS 0.0011
448 Vitamin K-dependent gamma-carboxylase GGCX 0.001
1671 Excitatory amino acid transporter 3 SLC1A1 0.001
210 Bifunctional aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase [Includes: Glutamyl-tRNA synthetase EPRS 0.001
1192 Sulfotransferase 1A1 SULT1A1 0.001
70 Type-1 angiotensin II receptor AGTR1 0.001
186 Glutamate--cysteine ligase catalytic subunit GCLC 0.001
3877 Growth-inhibiting protein 18 GIG18 0.001
997 Protein kinase C beta type PRKCB 0.001
426 Aspartate aminotransferase, mitochondrial GOT2 0.001
914 Formimidoyltransferase-cyclodeaminase FTCD 0.001
1275 Estrogen sulfotransferase SULT1E1 0.001
763 Tyrosine aminotransferase TAT 0.001
5493 Tyrosine aminotransferase Not Available 0.001
735 Alanine aminotransferase 1 GPT 0.001
3904 Alanine aminotransferase 2 GPT2 0.001
586 Aspartate aminotransferase, cytoplasmic GOT1 0.001
6123 Carbonic anhydrase 5A, mitochondrial CA5A 0.001
634 Squalene monooxygenase SQLE 0.001
7196 Squalene monooxygenase ERG1 0.001
505 Glutamate [NMDA] receptor subunit epsilon-3 GRIN2C 0.001
401 Glutamate [NMDA] receptor subunit zeta-1 GRIN1 0.001
1970 Protein kinase C alpha type PRKCA 0.001
1050 Bile salt sulfotransferase SULT2A1 0.001
521 ATP-binding cassette transporter sub-family C member 9 ABCC9 0.0009
6102 Arylamine N-acetyltransferase 2 NAT2 0.0009
439 Glutamate [NMDA] receptor subunit epsilon-4 GRIN2D 0.0009
242 Asparagine synthetase [glutamine-hydrolyzing] ASNS 0.0009
2408 Tyrosine-protein kinase SYK SYK 0.0009
574 Branched-chain-amino-acid aminotransferase, cytosolic BCAT1 0.0009
591 Glutamate [NMDA] receptor subunit 3B GRIN3B 0.0009
6002 Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP4 subtype PTGER4 0.0009
705 Glutamate receptor 1 GRIA1 0.0009
132 ATP-binding cassette sub-family A member 1 ABCA1 0.0009
464 Glutamate [NMDA] receptor subunit epsilon-2 GRIN2B 0.0009
1524 Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase A PPIA 0.0008
6700 Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase A ppiA 0.0008
837 Glutamate [NMDA] receptor subunit epsilon-1 GRIN2A 0.0008
6042 Prostaglandin reductase 2 PTGR2 0.0008
4131 Prostaglandin E2 receptor, EP3 subtype PTGER3 0.0008
406 Prostaglandin E2 receptor, EP2 subtype PTGER2 0.0008
1792 Tissue-type plasminogen activator PLAT 0.0008
389 Amiloride-sensitive cation channel 2, neuronal ACCN2 0.0008
6104 Dimethylaniline monooxygenase [N-oxide-forming] 1 FMO1 0.0008
273 Apoptosis regulator Bcl-2 BCL2 0.0008
781 ATP-sensitive inward rectifier potassium channel 11 KCNJ11 0.0007
73 Prostaglandin E2 receptor, EP1 subtype PTGER1 0.0007
6085 Fatty acid-binding protein, intestinal FABP2 0.0007
2236 Casein kinase II subunit alpha CSNK2A1 0.0007
706 Glutamate [NMDA] receptor subunit 3A GRIN3A 0.0007
3804 Sodium channel protein type 4 subunit alpha SCN4A 0.0007
918 Glutamate receptor, ionotropic kainate 2 GRIK2 0.0007
921 Glutamate receptor 2 GRIA2 0.0007
6101 Dimethylaniline monooxygenase [N-oxide-forming] 3 FMO3 0.0006
1313 Lactoylglutathione lyase GLO1 0.0006
6263 cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha PRKACA 0.0006
124 Histamine H2 receptor HRH2 0.0006
6017 Cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme, mitochondrial CYP11A1 0.0006
3810 Catechol O-methyltransferase COMT 0.0006
805 Cytochrome P450 11B1, mitochondrial CYP11B1 0.0006
4604 Liver carboxylesterase 1 CES1 0.0005
3811 Cytochrome P450 19A1 CYP19A1 0.0005
136 Estrogen receptor ESR1 0.0005
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