Identification
Name Adenosine monophosphate
Accession Number DB00131 (EXPT00512, NUTR00011)
Type small molecule
Description Adenylic acid. Adenine nucleotide containing one phosphate group esterified to the sugar moiety in the 2'-, 3'-, or 5'-position. [PubChem]
Structure
Categories (*)
Molecular Weight 347.2212
Groups approved
Monoisotopic Weight 347.063084339
Pharmacology
Indication For nutritional supplementation, also for treating dietary shortage or imbalance
Mechanism of action Nucleotides such as Adenosine-5'-Monophosphate affect a number of immune functions, including the reversal of malnutrition and starvation-induced immunosuppression, the enhancement of T-cell maturation and function, the enhancement of natural killer cell activity, the improvement of delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity, helping resistance to such infectious agents as Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans, and finally the modulation of T-cell responses toward type 1 CD4 helper lymphocytes or Th1 cells. Studies have shown that mice fed a nucleotide-free diet have both impaired humoral and cellular immune responses. The addition of dietary nucleotides normalizes both types of responses. RNA, a delivery form of nucleotides, and ribonucleotides were used in these studies. The mechanism of the immune-enhancing activity of nucleic acids/nucleotides is not clear.
Absorption Not Available
Protein binding Not Available
Biotransformation Not Available
Route of elimination Not Available
Toxicity Not Available
Affected organisms
  • Humans and other mammals
Interactions
Drug Interactions Not Available
Food Interactions Not Available
cAMP response element-binding protein
Name cAMP response element-binding protein
Gene Name CREB1
Pharmacological action unknown
Actions activator
References
  • Ulfhammer E, Larsson P, Karlsson L, Hrafnkelsdottir T, Bokarewa M, Tarkowski A, Jern S: TNF-alpha mediated suppression of tissue type plasminogen activator expression in vascular endothelial cells is NF-kappaB- and p38 MAPK-dependent. J Thromb Haemost. 2006 Aug;4(8):1781-9. - Pubmed
  • Saha B, Singh SK, Sarkar C, Bera R, Ratha J, Tobin DJ, Bhadra R: Activation of the Mitf promoter by lipid-stimulated activation of p38-stress signalling to CREB. Pigment Cell Res. 2006 Dec;19(6):595-605. - Pubmed
  • Kozinn J, Mao L, Arora A, Yang L, Fibuch EE, Wang JQ: Inhibition of glutamatergic activation of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases in hippocampal neurons by the intravenous anesthetic propofol. Anesthesiology. 2006 Dec;105(6):1182-91. - Pubmed
  • Perlis RH, Purcell S, Fagerness J, Cusin C, Yamaki L, Fava M, Smoller JW: Clinical and genetic dissection of anger expression and CREB1 polymorphisms in major depressive disorder. Biol Psychiatry. 2007 Sep 1;62(5):536-40. Epub 2007 Feb 14. - Pubmed
  • Brenhouse HC, Howe ML, Stellar JR: Differential activation of cAMP response element binding protein in discrete nucleus accumbens subregions during early and late cocaine sensitization. Behav Neurosci. 2007 Feb;121(1):212-7. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 0.5724
DNA
Name DNA
Gene Name Not Available
Pharmacological action unknown
Actions component of
References
  • Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. - Pubmed
  • Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. - Pubmed
  • Kostylina G, Simon D, Fey MF, Yousefi S, Simon HU: Neutrophil apoptosis mediated by nicotinic acid receptors (GPR109A). Cell Death Differ. 2007 Oct 12;. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score Not Available
Proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase Pim-1
Name Proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase Pim-1
Gene Name PIM1
Pharmacological action unknown
Actions product of
References
  • Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. - Pubmed
  • Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 1.5414
cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4B
Name cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4B
Gene Name PDE4B
Pharmacological action unknown
Actions product of
References
  • Siuciak JA, Chapin DS, McCarthy SA, Martin AN: Antipsychotic profile of rolipram: efficacy in rats and reduced sensitivity in mice deficient in the phosphodiesterase-4B (PDE4B) enzyme. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2007 Jun;192(3):415-24. Epub 2007 Mar 2. - Pubmed
  • Porteous DJ, Thomson P, Brandon NJ, Millar JK: The genetics and biology of DISC1--an emerging role in psychosis and cognition. Biol Psychiatry. 2006 Jul 15;60(2):123-31. - Pubmed
  • Terrin A, Di Benedetto G, Pertegato V, Cheung YF, Baillie G, Lynch MJ, Elvassore N, Prinz A, Herberg FW, Houslay MD, Zaccolo M: PGE(1) stimulation of HEK293 cells generates multiple contiguous domains with different [cAMP]: role of compartmentalized phosphodiesterases. J Cell Biol. 2006 Nov 6;175(3):441-51. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score Not Available
Glycogen phosphorylase, liver form
Name Glycogen phosphorylase, liver form
Gene Name PYGL
Pharmacological action unknown
Actions activator
References
  • Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. - Pubmed
  • Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 1.513
5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit beta-1
Name 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit beta-1
Gene Name PRKAB1
Pharmacological action unknown
Actions activator
References
  • Richter EA, Kiens B, Wojtaszewski JF: [5'-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase and lifestyle-mediated diseases] Ugeskr Laeger. 2006 Feb 27;168(9):896-900. - Pubmed
  • Neurath KM, Keough MP, Mikkelsen T, Claffey KP: AMP-dependent protein kinase alpha 2 isoform promotes hypoxia-induced VEGF expression in human glioblastoma. Glia. 2006 May;53(7):733-43. - Pubmed
  • McGee SL, Hargreaves M: Exercise and skeletal muscle glucose transporter 4 expression: molecular mechanisms. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 2006 Apr;33(4):395-9. - Pubmed
  • Whitehead JP, Richards AA, Hickman IJ, Macdonald GA, Prins JB: Adiponectin--a key adipokine in the metabolic syndrome. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2006 May;8(3):264-80. - Pubmed
  • Ruderman NB, Saha AK: Metabolic syndrome: adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase and malonyl coenzyme A. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2006 Feb;14 Suppl 1:25S-33S. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score Not Available
Histidine triad nucleotide-binding protein 1
Name Histidine triad nucleotide-binding protein 1
Gene Name HINT1
Pharmacological action unknown
Actions product of
References
  • Chou TF, Tikh IB, Horta BA, Ghosh B, De Alencastro RB, Wagner CR: Engineered monomeric human histidine triad nucleotide-binding protein 1 hydrolyzes fluorogenic acyl-adenylate and lysyl-tRNA synthetase-generated lysyl-adenylate. J Biol Chem. 2007 May 18;282(20):15137-47. Epub 2007 Mar 2. - Pubmed
  • Chou TF, Wagner CR: Lysyl-tRNA synthetase-generated lysyl-adenylate is a substrate for histidine triad nucleotide binding proteins. J Biol Chem. 2007 Feb 16;282(7):4719-27. Epub 2006 Dec 8. - Pubmed
  • Chou TF, Baraniak J, Kaczmarek R, Zhou X, Cheng J, Ghosh B, Wagner CR: Phosphoramidate pronucleotides: a comparison of the phosphoramidase substrate specificity of human and Escherichia coli histidine triad nucleotide binding proteins. Mol Pharm. 2007 Mar-Apr;4(2):208-17. Epub 2007 Jan 12. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 1.5019
cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4D
Name cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4D
Gene Name PDE4D
Pharmacological action unknown
Actions product of
References
  • Terrin A, Di Benedetto G, Pertegato V, Cheung YF, Baillie G, Lynch MJ, Elvassore N, Prinz A, Herberg FW, Houslay MD, Zaccolo M: PGE(1) stimulation of HEK293 cells generates multiple contiguous domains with different [cAMP]: role of compartmentalized phosphodiesterases. J Cell Biol. 2006 Nov 6;175(3):441-51. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score Not Available
Acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase 2-like, mitochondrial
Name Acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase 2-like, mitochondrial
Gene Name ACSS1
Pharmacological action unknown
Actions product of
References
  • Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. - Pubmed
  • Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 0.6843
Acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase, cytoplasmic
Name Acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase, cytoplasmic
Gene Name ACSS2
Pharmacological action unknown
Actions product of
References
  • Ingram-Smith C, Smith KS: AMP-forming acetyl-CoA synthetases in Archaea show unexpected diversity in substrate utilization. Archaea. 2007 May;2(2):95-107. - Pubmed
  • Linne U, Schafer A, Stubbs MT, Marahiel MA: Aminoacyl-coenzyme A synthesis catalyzed by adenylation domains. FEBS Lett. 2007 Mar 6;581(5):905-10. Epub 2007 Feb 7. - Pubmed
  • Ingram-Smith C, Woods BI, Smith KS: Characterization of the acyl substrate binding pocket of acetyl-CoA synthetase. Biochemistry. 2006 Sep 26;45(38):11482-90. - Pubmed
  • Reger AS, Carney JM, Gulick AM: Biochemical and crystallographic analysis of substrate binding and conformational changes in acetyl-CoA synthetase. Biochemistry. 2007 Jun 5;46(22):6536-46. Epub 2007 May 12. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 0.6843
5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-1
Name 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-1
Gene Name PRKAA1
Pharmacological action unknown
Actions activator
References
  • Mayes MA, Laforest MF, Guillemette C, Gilchrist RB, Richard FJ: Adenosine 5'-monophosphate kinase-activated protein kinase (PRKA) activators delay meiotic resumption in porcine oocytes. Biol Reprod. 2007 Apr;76(4):589-97. Epub 2006 Dec 13. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score Not Available
5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit beta-2
Name 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit beta-2
Gene Name PRKAB2
Pharmacological action unknown
Actions activator
References
  • Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. - Pubmed
  • Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score Not Available
Adenylate cyclase type 1
Name Adenylate cyclase type 1
Gene Name ADCY1
Pharmacological action unknown
Actions product of
References
  • Yang ZF, Sun Y, Li CZ, Wang HW, Wang XJ, Zheng YQ, Liu K, Liu YM: Reduced sinoatrial cAMP content plays a role in postnatal heart rate slowing in the rabbit. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 2006 Aug;33(8):757-62. - Pubmed
  • Nicol X, Bennis M, Ishikawa Y, Chan GC, Reperant J, Storm DR, Gaspar P: Role of the calcium modulated cyclases in the development of the retinal projections. Eur J Neurosci. 2006 Dec;24(12):3401-14. - Pubmed
  • Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 0.6836
Long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase 1
Name Long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase 1
Gene Name ACSL1
Pharmacological action unknown
Actions product of
References
  • Ingram-Smith C, Woods BI, Smith KS: Characterization of the acyl substrate binding pocket of acetyl-CoA synthetase. Biochemistry. 2006 Sep 26;45(38):11482-90. - Pubmed
  • Ingram-Smith C, Smith KS: AMP-forming acetyl-CoA synthetases in Archaea show unexpected diversity in substrate utilization. Archaea. 2007 May;2(2):95-107. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 0.6838
Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase 1
Name Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase 1
Gene Name FBP1
Pharmacological action unknown
Actions antagonist,inhibitory allosteric modulator
References
  • Xue Y, Huang S, Liang JY, Zhang Y, Lipscomb WN: Crystal structure of fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase complexed with fructose 2,6-bisphosphate, AMP, and Zn2+ at 2.0-A resolution: aspects of synergism between inhibitors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Dec 20;91(26):12482-6. - Pubmed
  • Hebeisen P, Kuhn B, Kohler P, Gubler M, Huber W, Kitas E, Schott B, Benz J, Joseph C, Ruf A: Allosteric FBPase inhibitors gain 10(5) times in potency when simultaneously binding two neighboring AMP sites. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2008 Aug 15;18(16):4708-12. Epub 2008 Jul 5. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 1.8437
Adenosine kinase
Name Adenosine kinase
Gene Name ADK
Pharmacological action unknown
Actions product of
References
  • Park J, Gupta RS: Adenosine kinase and ribokinase--the RK family of proteins. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2008 Sep;65(18):2875-96. - Pubmed
  • Leoncini R, Vannoni D, Santoro A, Giglioni S, Carli R, Marinello E: Adenosine kinase from rat liver: new biochemical properties. Nucleosides Nucleotides Nucleic Acids. 2006;25(9-11):1107-12. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 1.1378
AMP deaminase 1
Name AMP deaminase 1
Gene Name AMPD1
Actions substrate
References
  • Hanisch F, Hellsten Y, Zierz S: Ecto- and cytosolic 5'-nucleotidases in normal and AMP deaminase-deficient human skeletal muscle. Biol Chem. 2006 Jan;387(1):53-8. - Pubmed
  • Palecz D, Jaszczuk E, Gabryelak T: In vitro study of AMP-deaminase from fish (Cyprinus carpio) treated with hydrolyzable tannins. Acta Biol Hung. 2006 Mar;57(1):49-56. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 0.6673
Adenine phosphoribosyltransferase
Name Adenine phosphoribosyltransferase
Gene Name APRT
Actions substrate
References
  • Barrett C, Alley J, Pulido JC, Spurling H, Li P, Parsons T, Mallender WD, Bembenek ME: Configuration of a scintillation proximity assay for the activity assessment of recombinant human adenine phosphoribosyltransferase. Assay Drug Dev Technol. 2006 Dec;4(6):661-9. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 0.8083
Id Partner name Gene Name Score
1971 cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4A PDE4A 0.2408
4109 cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4C PDE4C 0.1552
289 Cytosolic purine 5'-nucleotidase NT5C2 0.142
825 Arsenical pump-driving ATPase ASNA1 0.1362
3435 Arsenical pump-driving ATPase arsA 0.1362
486 Serine/threonine-protein kinase ALS2CR7 CDK15 0.1362
733 Activin receptor type 1B ACVR1B 0.1362
510 Serine/threonine-protein kinase receptor R3 ACVRL1 0.1362
745 Anti-Muellerian hormone type-2 receptor AMHR2 0.1362
483 A-Raf proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase ARAF 0.1361
377 Beta-adrenergic receptor kinase 1 ADRBK1 0.1361
2105 ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 1 ABCG1 0.1361
225 NEDD8-activating enzyme E1 regulatory subunit NAE1 0.1361
21 Beta-adrenergic receptor kinase 2 ADRBK2 0.1361
154 AFG3-like protein 2 AFG3L2 0.1361
395 ALK tyrosine kinase receptor Not Available 0.1361
340 Apoptotic protease-activating factor 1 APAF1 0.1235
292 Activin receptor type-1 ACVR1 0.1006
849 Activated CDC42 kinase 1 TNK2 0.0998
521 ATP-binding cassette transporter sub-family C member 9 ABCC9 0.0981
6144 Solute carrier family 22 member 2 SLC22A2 0.0945
6145 Solute carrier family 22 member 1 SLC22A1 0.0906
6154 Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 1 SLC47A1 0.0893
484 Tyrosine-protein kinase ABL2 ABL2 0.0857
132 ATP-binding cassette sub-family A member 1 ABCA1 0.0842
740 Argininosuccinate synthase ASS1 0.0754
865 Argininosuccinate synthase ASS1 0.0754
2680 Argininosuccinate synthase argG 0.0754
3194 Argininosuccinate synthase argG 0.0754
476 RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase AKT1 0.075
242 Asparagine synthetase [glutamine-hydrolyzing] ASNS 0.0702
661 ADP/ATP translocase 1 SLC25A4 0.0694
1178 Adenosine A2a receptor ADORA2A 0.0687
16 Adenosine A1 receptor ADORA1 0.0671
4271 Anthranilate phosphoribosyltransferase trpD 0.0661
4209 ATP-sensitive inward rectifier potassium channel 8 KCNJ8 0.0653
268 Adenosine A2b receptor ADORA2B 0.0639
1152 Glycogen phosphorylase, muscle form PYGM 0.0636
6147 Solute carrier family 22 member 3 SLC22A3 0.0619
2794 Orotate phosphoribosyltransferase pyrE 0.0604
6290 Death-associated protein kinase 3 DAPK3 0.0588
6171 Solute carrier family 28 member 3 SLC28A3 0.0582
230 ATP-binding cassette transporter sub-family C member 8 ABCC8 0.0568
17 Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase ABL1 ABL1 0.0565
4269 Hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase, putative HGPRTase 0.0561
2404 Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit gamma isoform PIK3CG 0.0561
1588 Multidrug resistance protein 1 ABCB1 0.0541
6433 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase 4 PFKFB4 0.053
3309 6-phosphofructokinase pfkA 0.0496
6391 Protein kinase C iota type PRKCI 0.0488
4210 Toll-like receptor 4 TLR4 0.0475
779 High-affinity cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 7A PDE7A 0.0473
87 Hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase HPRT1 0.0468
2180 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1 PDPK1 0.0465
776 Bile salt export pump ABCB11 0.0455
485 cGMP-inhibited 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase A PDE3A 0.0453
1750 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase 1 PFKFB1 0.0417
1735 Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1 ABCC2 0.0413
204 cGMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase PDE5A 0.0405
311 RNA-directed RNA polymerase catalytic subunit PB1 0.0392
752 Large structural protein L 0.0391
390 Adenosine A3 receptor ADORA3 0.038
2206 Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase GPI 0.0377
2516 GMP reductase 1 GMPR 0.0358
2361 Response regulator pleD pleD 0.0358
691 cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 7B PDE7B 0.0356
695 cAMP and cAMP-inhibited cGMP 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 10A PDE10A 0.0318
4119 Cytochrome P450 2D6 CYP2D6 0.0317
4106 Guanylate kinase GUK1 0.0314
4516 Guanylate kinase gmk 0.0314
413 Amidophosphoribosyltransferase PPAT 0.0313
2515 Amidophosphoribosyltransferase purF 0.0313
3714 Amidophosphoribosyltransferase purF 0.0313
6216 High affinity cAMP-specific and IBMX-insensitive 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 8A PDE8A 0.0312
467 Delta-type opioid receptor OPRD1 0.0309
696 Kappa-type opioid receptor OPRK1 0.0306
508 Ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase family member 1 ENPP1 0.0303
4553 Bifunctional adenosylcobalamin biosynthesis protein cobU cobU 0.0302
2751 Holliday junction ATP-dependent DNA helicase ruvB ruvB 0.0299
4755 Holliday junction ATP-dependent DNA helicase ruvB ruvB 0.0299
4752 Peroxisomal trans-2-enoyl-CoA reductase PECR 0.0299
847 Mu-type opioid receptor OPRM1 0.0293
2966 PyrR bifunctional protein [Includes: Pyrimidine operon regulatory protein; Uracil phosphoribosyltransferase pyrR 0.0283
338 DNA polymerase UL30 0.0283
379 DNA polymerase UL54 0.0283
697 DNA polymerase ORF28 0.0283
2482 DNA polymerase 43 0.0283
4104 DNA polymerase BALF5 0.0283
6832 Serine/threonine-protein kinase SRPK2 SRPK2 0.0277
3957 Adenosine deaminase ADA 0.0277
838 Inosine-5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase 1 IMPDH1 0.0268
6288 Low molecular weight phosphotyrosine protein phosphatase ACP1 0.0263
3300 Xanthine phosphoribosyltransferase xpt 0.0261
3681 Xanthine phosphoribosyltransferase gpt 0.0261
4692 A/G-specific adenine glycosylase mutY 0.0261
4924 Cytochrome P450 2C8 CYP2C8 0.0255
136 Estrogen receptor ESR1 0.0253
6139 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A2 SLCO1A2 0.0249
2530 Protein kinase C theta type PRKCQ 0.0248
4606 Purine trans deoxyribosylase ptd 0.0244
2339 Protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase E TGM3 0.0234
1958 S-methyl-5-thioadenosine phosphorylase MTAP 0.0233
2222 Equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 SLC29A1 0.0229
3679 MTA/SAH nucleosidase mtnN 0.0229
587 Serum albumin ALB 0.0212
775 Acetyl-CoA carboxylase 2 ACACB 0.0209
777 Tumor necrosis factor TNF 0.0205
2287 Bifunctional purine biosynthesis protein PURH [Includes: Phosphoribosylaminoimidazolecarboxamide formyltransferase ATIC 0.0201
2514 Phosphocarrier protein HPr ptsH 0.0197
5689 Phosphocarrier protein HPr ptsH 0.0197
3602 Anti-sigma F factor antagonist spoIIAA 0.0197
5686 Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily C member 4 KCNC4 0.0197
4512 Cytochrome P450 3A4 CYP3A4 0.0191
6217 High affinity cAMP-specific and IBMX-insensitive 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 8B PDE8B 0.0178
1130 Lithostathine 1 alpha REG1A 0.0171
4542 Glutaminase 1 glsA1 0.0171
4544 Glutaminase 1 glsA1 0.0171
6263 cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha PRKACA 0.017
2264 Nicotinate-nucleotide--dimethylbenzimidazole phosphoribosyltransferase cobT 0.0167
2286 Isocitrate dehydrogenase [NADP] icd 0.0166
2302 Isocitrate dehydrogenase [NADP] icd 0.0166
2771 Isocitrate dehydrogenase [NADP] icd 0.0166
3361 Serpin B5 SERPINB5 0.0164
5694 Transcription antiterminator licT licT 0.0164
5691 DTDP-4-DEHYDRORHAMNOSE 3,5-EPIMERASE RMLC rmlC 0.0164
4318 Siroheme synthase cysG 0.0161
3119 Fimbrial protein pilE1 0.0157
1632 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2B1 SLCO2B1 0.015
3453 Alkaline phosphatase phoA 0.0149
5360 High-affinity cGMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 9A PDE9A 0.0149
1792 Tissue-type plasminogen activator PLAT 0.0148
2503 Phosphomannomutase/phosphoglucomutase algC 0.0143
5150 Endo-1,4-beta-xylanase Y xynY 0.0142
3806 cGMP-dependent 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase PDE2A 0.0138
2184 Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator CFTR 0.0133
3668 Maltose-binding periplasmic protein precursor malE 0.0132
56 Delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase ALAD 0.0132
2356 Delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase hemB 0.0132
3613 Delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase hemB 0.0132
3674 Delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase hemB 0.0132
527 Prostacyclin receptor PTGIR 0.0131
4200 Cytochrome P450 1A2 CYP1A2 0.0129
6022 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-1 UGT1A1 0.0126
2256 cGMP-inhibited 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase B PDE3B 0.0122
6040 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, decarboxylating PGD 0.0121
73 Prostaglandin E2 receptor, EP1 subtype PTGER1 0.012
6152 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2A1 SLCO2A1 0.012
4534 Cytohesin-2 CYTH2 0.0119
6160 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 3A1 SLCO3A1 0.0116
2473 Tyrosine-protein kinase CSK CSK 0.0113
2398 Tyrosine-protein kinase ZAP-70 ZAP70 0.0113
6037 Retinal rod rhodopsin-sensitive cGMP 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase subunit gamma PDE6G 0.011
2207 Rhodopsin RHO 0.011
1830 5'-nucleotidase NT5E 0.0104
2592 Beta-galactosidase lacZ 0.0102
6013 Cytochrome P450 2E1 CYP2E1 0.0102
2450 Tyrosine-protein kinase ITK/TSK ITK 0.0098
315 Arginase-1 ARG1 0.0097
5692 Calcium/calmodulin-dependent 3',5'-cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase 1B PDE1B 0.0096
937 Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase LCK LCK 0.0084
2408 Tyrosine-protein kinase SYK SYK 0.0079
1721 Glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta GSK3B 0.0078
492 Histamine H1 receptor HRH1 0.0078
6837 Serine/threonine-protein kinase 17B STK17B 0.0077
6836 3-hydroxyisobutyryl-CoA hydrolase, mitochondrial HIBCH 0.0077
24 Thymidylate synthase TMP1 0.0077
359 Thymidylate synthase TYMS 0.0077
2626 Thymidylate synthase thyA 0.0077
2729 Thymidylate synthase thyA 0.0077
5352 Thymidylate synthase THYA 0.0077
2511 MAP kinase-activated protein kinase 2 MAPKAPK2 0.0074
4373 Medium-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase Not Available 0.0072
6656 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 3A1 UGT3A1 0.0067
6599 HTH-type transcriptional regulator ttgR ttgR 0.0062
2599 Tyrosine-protein kinase HCK HCK 0.0058
3087 Nicotinate-nucleotide adenylyltransferase nadD 0.0056
4469 Nicotinate-nucleotide adenylyltransferase nadD 0.0056
4992 Cytochrome c peroxidase Not Available 0.0056
6343 ATP synthase subunit beta, mitochondrial ATP5B 0.0056
6344 ATP synthase subunit gamma, mitochondrial ATP5C1 0.0056
6342 ATP synthase subunit alpha, mitochondrial ATP5A1 0.0056
5577 N5-carboxyaminoimidazole ribonucleotide mutase purE 0.0055
2300 Lysozyme E 0.0055
3633 Lysozyme R 0.0055
5597 Lysozyme 17 0.0055
3792 KHG/KDPG aldolase [Includes: 4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutarate aldolase eda 0.0055
4695 UPF0124 protein yfiH yfiH 0.0055
5590 N utilization substance protein B homolog nusB 0.0055
5588 Cell division protein FtsY TM_0570 0.0055
5598 Glycerol uptake operon antiterminator-related protein TM_1436 0.0055
5587 Iron(III)-binding periplasmic protein fbpA 0.0055
5591 Complement component C8 gamma chain C8G 0.0055
5582 Regulator of transcription; stringent starvation protein A sspA 0.0055
2838 Ribose-5-phosphate isomerase A rpiA 0.0055
2952 Ribose-5-phosphate isomerase A rpiA 0.0055
5595 Ribose-5-phosphate isomerase A rpiA 0.0055
5593 Transferase Not Available 0.0055
4238 50S ribosomal protein L4 rplD 0.0055
5578 50S ribosomal protein L4 rplD 0.0055
6173 50S ribosomal protein L4 rplD 0.0055
6219 50S ribosomal protein L4 rplD 0.0055
5581 Beta-fructosidase bfrA 0.0055
5060 Intron-associated endonuclease 1 ITEVIR 0.0055
4375 Glutamine synthetase 1 glnA1 0.0055
5600 Pyruvate decarboxylase pdc 0.0055
5592 Ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase subunit beta nrdF 0.0055
5583 RNA 3'-terminal phosphate cyclase rtcA 0.0055
5586 Pleckstrin homology domain-containing family A member 1 PLEKHA1 0.0055
5575 Short tail fiber protein 12 0.0055
5580 Hexon protein PII 0.0055
5574 Invasin YPTB1668 0.0055
3085 Molybdopterin-guanine dinucleotide biosynthesis protein A mobA 0.0051
3729 Citrate synthase gltA 0.0051
4575 Citrate synthase cit 0.0051
4580 Citrate synthase gltA 0.0051
5328 Prostaglandin F synthase Tb11.02.2310 0.0051
3132 Tryptophan synthase alpha chain trpA 0.005
6568 Tryptophan synthase alpha chain trpA 0.005
1898 Cytochrome P450 1B1 CYP1B1 0.005
355 GMP synthase [glutamine-hydrolyzing] GMPS 0.0049
4353 GMP synthase [glutamine-hydrolyzing] guaA 0.0049
1467 Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 13B TNFSF13B 0.0049
6259 (3R)-hydroxymyristoyl-acyl carrier protein dehydratase fabZ 0.0049
5006 RNASE4 protein RNASE4 0.0048
4533 Glyoxalase family protein BC_1747 0.0048
5599 3-carboxy-cis,cis-muconate cycloisomerase pcaB 0.0048
2555 Pol polyprotein pol 0.0048
3242 Pol polyprotein gag-pol 0.0048
3471 Pol polyprotein gag-pro-pol 0.0048
5256 Pol polyprotein pol 0.0048
6469 Pol polyprotein gag-pol 0.0048
6565 Pol polyprotein Not Available 0.0048
2521 Cell division protein ftsZ ftsZ 0.0048
3301 Cell division protein ftsZ ftsZ 0.0048
814 Ryanodine receptor 1 RYR1 0.0048
4366 Riboflavin kinase/FMN adenylyltransferase TM_0857 0.0047
857 Malate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial MDH2 0.0046
2149 Angiogenin ANG 0.0045
2603 Beta-lactamase II blm 0.0045
3583 6-phosphogluconolactonase pgl 0.0045
1123 Eosinophil cationic protein RNASE3 0.0044
2697 Uridine-cytidine kinase 2 UCK2 0.0044
1881 Hexokinase-1 HK1 0.0044
2869 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate reductoisomerase dxr 0.0043
489 Monocarboxylate transporter 2 SLC16A7 0.0043
2942 Sialidase nanH 0.0043
3546 Sialidase nedA 0.0043
2805 Heparan sulfate glucosamine 3-O-sulfotransferase 3A1 HS3ST3A1 0.0042
2240 Cell division protein kinase 2 CDK2 0.0042
3486 Fumarate hydratase class II fumC 0.0042
2452 Tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase trpS 0.0042
941 Betaine--homocysteine S-methyltransferase 1 BHMT 0.0042
332 Beta-lactamase blaZ 0.0041
2478 Beta-lactamase ampC 0.0041
2613 Beta-lactamase ampC 0.0041
2635 Beta-lactamase ampC 0.0041
2700 Beta-lactamase penP 0.0041
5445 Beta-lactamase blaB 0.0041
6019 Beta-lactamase SHV-7 0.0041
6701 Beta-lactamase cphA 0.0041
411 Glycine N-methyltransferase GNMT 0.0041
6024 Cytochrome P450 1A1 CYP1A1 0.0041
2936 Oxygen-insensitive NAD(P)H nitroreductase nfnB 0.004
5184 Oxygen-insensitive NAD(P)H nitroreductase nfnB 0.004
3478 Glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase rmlA 0.0039
4277 Glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase rmlA 0.0039
5579 Carboxypeptidase B CPB1 0.0037
3384 Macrophage migration inhibitory factor MIF 0.0036
4122 Histone deacetylase 2 HDAC2 0.0035
4757 Cytochrome P450 2C9 CYP2C9 0.0033
738 Monocarboxylate transporter 1 SLC16A1 0.0033
3794 Osmolarity sensor protein envZ envZ 0.0032
5641 Rod shape-determining protein MreB TM_0588 0.0032
4178 DNA repair protein RAD51 homolog 1 RAD51 0.0032
5290 ATP-dependent hsl protease ATP-binding subunit hslU hslU 0.0032
5638 ATP-dependent hsl protease ATP-binding subunit hslU hslU 0.0032
5645 DNA topoisomerase 4 subunit B parE 0.0032
6227 DNA topoisomerase 4 subunit B parE 0.0032
5643 General secretion pathway protein E epsE 0.0032
5644 Sensor protein phoQ phoQ 0.0032
5642 Chaperone clpB clpB 0.0032
5649 Potassium-transporting ATPase B chain kdpB 0.0032
5682 Ribonuclease pancreatic RNASE1 0.0031
822 Aldose reductase AKR1B1 0.0029
2282 Protein recA recA 0.0028
2315 Protein recA recA 0.0028
2332 Protein recA recA 0.0028
5263 Protein recA recA 0.0028
5646 Galactokinase GALK1 0.0028
3390 Aminoglycoside 3'-phosphotransferase aphA 0.0028
6029 Aminoglycoside 3'-phosphotransferase aphA1 0.0028
5302 TrwB trwB 0.0028
5265 FtsH ftsH 0.0028
2867 4-diphosphocytidyl-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol kinase ispE 0.0028
4751 Mitogen-activated protein kinase 12 MAPK12 0.0028
2397 Dihydroxyacetone kinase dhaK 0.0028
2852 DNA mismatch repair protein mutL mutL 0.0028
933 Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src SRC 0.0027
5312 Kinesin-like protein KIF1A KIF1A 0.0026
2299 UDP-N-acetylmuramate--L-alanine ligase murC 0.0026
3231 Death-associated protein kinase 1 DAPK1 0.0026
3689 Endoglucanase A celA 0.0025
5563 Galectin-2 LGALS2 0.0025
5411 Slt-IIvB stxB2e 0.0025
5046 Ecotin eco 0.0025
5554 D-galactose-binding periplasmic protein mglB 0.0025
3741 D-galactose-binding periplasmic protein precursor mglB 0.0025
3009 Beta-glucanase Not Available 0.0025
5565 Inorganic polyphosphate/ATP-glucomannokinase ppgmk 0.0025
5562 Hexokinase Not Available 0.0025
5568 Endoglucanase C307 celC307 0.0025
3744 Endoglucanase SS precursor celS 0.0025
3793 Aspartate ammonia-lyase aspA 0.0025
4668 Laminarinase TM_0024 0.0025
5569 Endo-1,4-beta glucanase EngF engF 0.0025
5553 Endoglucanase E1 Acel_0614 0.0025
5570 Endoglucanase E-4 celD 0.0025
5559 Neopullulanase nplT 0.0025
4670 Cellulase B celB 0.0025
1875 Pulmonary surfactant-associated protein D SFTPD 0.0025
4667 BH0236 protein BH0236 0.0025
4671 Endoglucanase C cenC 0.0025
862 Multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 ABCC1 0.0025
2615 Chemotaxis protein cheA cheA 0.0024
2950 Inositol-trisphosphate 3-kinase A ITPKA 0.0024
2371 Pantothenate kinase coaA 0.0024
2892 Acetylglutamate kinase argB 0.0024
3550 Acetylglutamate kinase argB 0.0024
2727 S-adenosylmethionine synthetase metK 0.0023
1732 ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 2 ABCG2 0.0023
3875 Glycogen phosphorylase, brain form PYGB 0.0023
887 DNA gyrase subunit B gyrB 0.0023
4150 DNA gyrase subunit B gyrB 0.0023
6225 DNA gyrase subunit B gyrB 0.0023
3882 Brain glycogen phosphorylase variant Not Available 0.0023
936 Ephrin type-A receptor 2 EPHA2 0.0023
2817 Phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase 2 purT 0.0022
1184 Interferon beta IFNB1 0.0022
4509 Acetoin(diacetyl) reductase budC 0.0022
6143 Solute carrier family 22 member 7 SLC22A7 0.0022
3525 ADP-ribose pyrophosphatase, mitochondrial NUDT9 0.0022
5176 YtnJ moxC 0.0022
5498 Maltoporin lamB 0.0022
5561 Maltoporin lamB 0.0022
1503 Galectin-7 LGALS7 0.0022
5247 Endo-1,4-beta-xylanase Not Available 0.0022
5248 Endo-1,4-beta-xylanase xlnA 0.0022
5250 Endo-1,4-beta-xylanase xyl 0.0022
4669 Endo-1,4-beta-xylanase A xynA 0.0022
4715 Endo-1,4-beta-xylanase A xlnA 0.0022
5560 Endo-1,4-beta-xylanase A xynA 0.0022
5056 Maltooligosyltrehalose trehalohydrolase, putative treZ 0.0022
5416 Coat protein VP1 Not Available 0.0022
4622 Amylase Not Available 0.0022
2728 Glucan 1,4-alpha-maltotetraohydrolase amyP 0.0022
2705 Dimethyl sulfoxide reductase dmsA 0.0022
3887 Phosphorylase PYGB 0.0021
958 Insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor IGF1R 0.0021
6107 Cytochrome P450 3A7 CYP3A7 0.0021
203 Pyridoxine-5'-phosphate oxidase PNPO 0.002
3091 Maltodextrin phosphorylase malP 0.002
2856 Glucosamine-6-phosphate isomerase GNPDA1 0.002
3911 Uncharacterized protein C20orf38 SPTLC3 0.002
3883 Ornithine aminotransferase variant Not Available 0.002
3906 Serine dehydratase-like SDSL 0.002
3891 Putative L-Dopa decarboxylase DDC 0.002
3881 Selenocysteine lyase variant Not Available 0.002
3915 Cysteine sulfinic acid decarboxylase-related protein 1 CSAD 0.002
3914 Alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase homolog TLH6 0.002
306 Pyridoxal phosphate phosphatase PDXP 0.002
3893 DDC protein DDC 0.002
3908 P-selectin cytoplasmic tail-associated protein pcap 0.002
3896 CDNA FLJ46802 fis, clone TRACH3032150, moderately similar to Cysteine sulfinic acid decarboxylase GADL1 0.002
3909 Hepatic peroxysomal alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase Not Available 0.002
3903 Aminolevulinate, delta-, synthase 2 ALAS2 0.002
3878 GAD1 protein GAD1 0.002
664 Glutamate decarboxylase 2 GAD2 0.002
3890 Glutamate decarboxylase 2 GAD2 0.002
2531 Alpha-amylase amyE 0.002
2948 Alpha-amylase amy 0.002
3169 Alpha-amylase Not Available 0.002
3880 Serine hydroxymethyltransferase 1 Not Available 0.002
3910 O-phosphoseryl-tRNA(Sec) selenium transferase SEPSECS 0.002
4819 Hydrolase Not Available 0.002
5249 Hydrolase Not Available 0.002
5436 Hydrolase Not Available 0.002
2564 Glucan 1,4-alpha-maltohexaosidase Not Available 0.002
855 Sphingosine-1-phosphate lyase 1 SGPL1 0.002
3905 Molybdenum cofactor sulfurase MOCOS 0.002
3886 Migration-inducing protein 4 ALAS1 0.002
2541 Neopullulanase 1 tvaI 0.002
3894 KIAA0251 protein PDXDC1 0.002
3547 Enterotoxin type B entB 0.002
2324 Botulinum neurotoxin type B botB 0.002
3747 Cellulase B precursor celB 0.002
2251 Thymidylate kinase tmk 0.002
2254 Thymidylate kinase DTYMK 0.002
3522 Thymidylate kinase tmk 0.002
2606 Neopullulanase 2 tvaII 0.002
4811 Amylosucrase ams 0.002
3153 Quinoprotein glucose dehydrogenase-B gdhB 0.002
4118 Cytochrome P450 3A5 CYP3A5 0.002
2826 Glucose--fructose oxidoreductase gfo 0.0019
4666 Fucose-binding lectin PA-IIL lecB 0.0019
2372 Bifunctional tail protein 9 0.0019
4830 Aldose 1-epimerase galM 0.0019
3365 Beta-amylase spoII 0.0019
3822 Actin, alpha skeletal muscle ACTA1 0.0019
3225 Shiga toxin B-chain stxB 0.0019
472 Ornithine aminotransferase, mitochondrial OAT 0.0018
207 Glutathione synthetase GSS 0.0018
5269 Glutathione synthetase gshB 0.0018
868 Cystathionine gamma-lyase CTH 0.0018
1836 Mitogen-activated protein kinase 10 MAPK10 0.0018
6614 Lactase-like protein LCTL 0.0018
1675 Glucokinase GCK 0.0018
4662 Glucokinase glk 0.0018
301 Kynurenine--oxoglutarate transaminase 1 CCBL1 0.0018
4192 DNA topoisomerase 2-beta TOP2B 0.0018
2293 Cyclomaltodextrin glucanotransferase Not Available 0.0018
2508 Cyclomaltodextrin glucanotransferase cgt 0.0018
2523 Cyclomaltodextrin glucanotransferase cgt 0.0018
3207 Cyclomaltodextrin glucanotransferase amyA 0.0018
435 Kynureninase KYNU 0.0018
4654 Kynureninase kynU 0.0018
3030 Salivary alpha-amylase AMY1A 0.0018
449 Ornithine decarboxylase ODC1 0.0017
2448 Exoglucanase/xylanase [Includes: Exoglucanase cex 0.0017
2802 Endoglucanase G celCCG 0.0017
2570 Tetanus toxin tetX 0.0017
3913 Glutamic acid decarboxylase GAD65 0.0017
184 L-serine dehydratase SDS 0.0017
431 Serine racemase SRR 0.0017
727 Serine palmitoyltransferase 2 SPTLC2 0.0017
491 Serine palmitoyltransferase 1 SPTLC1 0.0017
3 Histidine decarboxylase HDC 0.0017
4272 POSSIBLE CELLULASE CELA1 celA1 0.0017
534 Threonine synthase-like 1 THNSL1 0.0017
2236 Casein kinase II subunit alpha CSNK2A1 0.0017
89 Cysteine sulfinic acid decarboxylase CSAD 0.0017
3874 Proline synthetase co-transcribed bacterial homolog protein PROSC 0.0017
3899 Alanine--glyoxylate aminotransferase 2-like 2 AGXT2L2 0.0017
665 Phosphoserine aminotransferase PSAT1 0.0017
4652 Phosphoserine aminotransferase serC 0.0017
801 Kynurenine/alpha-aminoadipate aminotransferase mitochondrial AADAT 0.0017
3895 Kynurenine--oxoglutarate transaminase 3 CCBL2 0.0017
420 Glutamate decarboxylase 1 GAD1 0.0017
3900 Glutamate decarboxylase 1 GAD1 0.0017
499 Arginine decarboxylase ADC 0.0017
575 2-amino-3-ketobutyrate coenzyme A ligase, mitochondrial GCAT 0.0017
455 5-aminolevulinate synthase, nonspecific, mitochondrial ALAS1 0.0017
681 Glycine dehydrogenase [decarboxylating], mitochondrial GLDC 0.0017
914 Formimidoyltransferase-cyclodeaminase FTCD 0.0016
426 Aspartate aminotransferase, mitochondrial GOT2 0.0016
2430 Chondroitinase B cslB 0.0016
2440 Endoglucanase F celCCF 0.0016
367 Serine hydroxymethyltransferase, cytosolic SHMT1 0.0016
368 Enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase [NADH] inhA 0.0016
3228 Enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase [NADH] fabI 0.0016
3678 Enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase [NADH] fabI 0.0016
6856 Enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase [NADH] fabI 0.0016
795 Branched-chain-amino-acid aminotransferase, mitochondrial BCAT2 0.0016
349 Serine--pyruvate aminotransferase AGXT 0.0016
358 Cystathionine beta-synthase CBS 0.0016
3884 SHMT2 protein SHMT2 0.0016
3901 SHMT2 protein SHMT2 0.0016
3885 Hypothetical protein DKFZp686P09201 DKFZp686P09201 0.0016
3879 Serine hydroxymethyltransferase 2 Not Available 0.0016
321 Serine hydroxymethyltransferase, mitochondrial SHMT2 0.0016
169 Cysteine desulfurase, mitochondrial NFS1 0.0015
3877 Growth-inhibiting protein 18 GIG18 0.0015
586 Aspartate aminotransferase, cytoplasmic GOT1 0.0015
2245 Xylose isomerase xylA 0.0015
2253 Xylose isomerase xylA 0.0015
2260 Xylose isomerase xylA 0.0015
2431 Xylose isomerase xylA 0.0015
2252 Endoglucanase 5A cel5A 0.0015
763 Tyrosine aminotransferase TAT 0.0015
5493 Tyrosine aminotransferase Not Available 0.0015
2723 Cholera enterotoxin subunit B ctxB 0.0015
735 Alanine aminotransferase 1 GPT 0.0014
3904 Alanine aminotransferase 2 GPT2 0.0014
114 Alanine--glyoxylate aminotransferase 2, mitochondrial AGXT2 0.0014
2427 Ferrichrome-iron receptor fhuA 0.0014
4513 Pancreatic alpha-amylase AMY2A 0.0014
574 Branched-chain-amino-acid aminotransferase, cytosolic BCAT1 0.0014
280 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase, mitochondrial ABAT 0.0014
3876 Aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase DDC 0.0013
20 Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1 PTGS1 0.0007