DT-Web

DB00233 - Aminosalicylic Acid


Identification
Name Aminosalicylic Acid
Accession Number DB00233 (APRD00749, EXPT00693)
Type small molecule
Description An antitubercular agent often administered in association with isoniazid. The sodium salt of the drug is better tolerated than the free acid. [PubChem]
Structure
MOL SDF PDB SMILES InChI
Categories (*)
Molecular Weight 153.1354
Groups approved
Monoisotopic Weight 153.042593095
Pharmacology
Indication For the treatment of tuberculosis
Mechanism of action There are two mechanisms responsible for aminosalicylic acid's bacteriostatic action against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Firstly, aminosalicylic acid inhibits folic acid synthesis (without potentiation with antifolic compounds). The binding of para-aminobenzoic acid to pteridine synthetase acts as the first step in folic acid synthesis. Aminosalicylic acid binds pteridine synthetase with greater affinity than para-aminobenzoic acid, effectively inhibiting the synthesis of folic acid. As bacteria are unable to use external sources of folic acid, cell growth and multiplication slows. Secondly, aminosalicylic acid may inhibit the synthesis of the cell wall component, mycobactin, thus reducing iron uptake by M. tuberculosis.
Absorption Not Available
Protein binding 50-60%
Biotransformation Hepatic.
Route of elimination Not Available
Toxicity LD50=4 gm/kg (orally in mice); LD50=3650 mg/kg (orally in rabbits)
Affected organisms
  • Mycobacteria
Interactions
Drug Interactions
Drug Mechanism of interaction
Azathioprine Aminosalicylic acid may increase the toxicity of thiopurine, azathioprine.
Mercaptopurine Aminosalicylic acid may increase the toxicity of thiopurine, mercaptopurine.
Sulindac Risk of additive toxicity (e.g. bleed risk). Aminosalicylic acid may decrease the serum concentration of sulindac. Consider alternate therapy or monitor for changes in the therapeutic effects of sulindac and adverse effects of both agents if the interacting agent is initiated, discontinued or dose changed.
Thioguanine Aminosalicylic acid may increase the toxicity of thiopurine, thioguanine.
Tiaprofenic acid Increased risk of gastrointestinal bleeding.
Tolmetin Additive effects increase the risk of GI bleeding. Monitor for increased bleeding risk during concomitant therapy.
Trandolapril The salicylate, Aminosalicylic acid, may reduce the efficacy of Trandolapril. Monitor for changes in Trandolapril efficacy if Aminosalicylic acid is initiated, discontinued or dose changed.
Treprostinil The prostacyclin analogue, Treprostinil, may increase the risk of bleeding when combined with the salicylate, Aminosalicylic acid. Monitor for increased bleeding during concomitant thearpy.
Warfarin The antiplatelet effects of aminosalicylic acid may increase the bleed risk associated with warfarin.
Food Interactions
  • Take without regard to meals.

Targets


Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2
Name Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2
Gene Name PTGS2
Pharmacological action unknown
Actions inhibitor
References
  • Mifflin RC, Saada JI, Di Mari JF, Valentich JD, Adegboyega PA, Powell DW: Aspirin-mediated COX-2 transcript stabilization via sustained p38 activation in human intestinal myofibroblasts. Mol Pharmacol. 2004 Feb;65(2):470-8. - Pubmed
  • Generini S, Fiori G, Matucci Cerinic M: Therapy of spondylarthropathy in inflammatory bowel disease. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2002 Nov-Dec;20(6 Suppl 28):S88-94. - Pubmed
  • Distrutti E, Sediari L, Mencarelli A, Renga B, Orlandi S, Russo G, Caliendo G, Santagada V, Cirino G, Wallace JL, Fiorucci S: 5-Amino-2-hydroxybenzoic acid 4-(5-thioxo-5H-[1,2]dithiol-3yl)-phenyl ester (ATB-429), a hydrogen sulfide-releasing derivative of mesalamine, exerts antinociceptive effects in a model of postinflammatory hypersensitivity. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2006 Oct;319(1):447-58. Epub 2006 Jul 19. - Pubmed
  • Cipolla G, Crema F, Sacco S, Moro E, de Ponti F, Frigo G: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and inflammatory bowel disease: current perspectives. Pharmacol Res. 2002 Jul;46(1):1-6. - Pubmed
  • Pruzanski W, Stefanski E, Vadas P, Ramamurthy NS: Inhibition of extracellular release of proinflammatory secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) by sulfasalazine: a novel mechanism of anti-inflammatory activity. Biochem Pharmacol. 1997 Jun 15;53(12):1901-7. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 0.5889
Inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit alpha
Name Inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit alpha
Gene Name CHUK
Pharmacological action unknown
Actions inhibitor
References
  • Bantel H, Berg C, Vieth M, Stolte M, Kruis W, Schulze-Osthoff K: Mesalazine inhibits activation of transcription factor NF-kappaB in inflamed mucosa of patients with ulcerative colitis. Am J Gastroenterol. 2000 Dec;95(12):3452-7. - Pubmed
  • Allgayer H: Review article: mechanisms of action of mesalazine in preventing colorectal carcinoma in inflammatory bowel disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2003 Sep;18 Suppl 2:10-4. - Pubmed
  • Weber CK, Liptay S, Wirth T, Adler G, Schmid RM: Suppression of NF-kappaB activity by sulfasalazine is mediated by direct inhibition of IkappaB kinases alpha and beta. Gastroenterology. 2000 Nov;119(5):1209-18. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score Not Available
Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase
Name Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase
Gene Name ALOX5
Pharmacological action unknown
Actions inhibitor
References
  • Nielsen OH, Bukhave K, Elmgreen J, Ahnfelt-Ronne I: Inhibition of 5-lipoxygenase pathway of arachidonic acid metabolism in human neutrophils by sulfasalazine and 5-aminosalicylic acid. Dig Dis Sci. 1987 Jun;32(6):577-82. - Pubmed
  • Allgayer H, Eisenburg J, Paumgartner G: Soybean lipoxygenase inhibition: studies with the sulphasalazine metabolites N-acetylaminosalicylic acid, 5-aminosalicylic acid and sulphapyridine. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1984;26(4):449-51. - Pubmed
  • Sircar JC, Schwender CF, Carethers ME: Inhibition of soybean lipoxygenase by sulfasalazine and 5-aminosalicylic acid: a possible mode of action in ulcerative colitis. Biochem Pharmacol. 1983 Jan 1;32(1):170-2. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 0.4569
Group IIE secretory phospholipase A2
Name Group IIE secretory phospholipase A2
Gene Name PLA2G2E
Pharmacological action unknown
Actions unknown
References
  • Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE: The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 1.1616
2-amino-4-hydroxy-6-hydroxymethyldihydropteridine pyrophosphokinase
Name 2-amino-4-hydroxy-6-hydroxymethyldihydropteridine pyrophosphokinase
Gene Name folK
Pharmacological action unknown
Actions unknown
References
  • Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. - Pubmed
  • Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 0.4874

Enzymes


Myeloperoxidase
Name Myeloperoxidase
Gene Name MPO
Actions inhibitor
References
  • von Ritter C, Grisham MB, Granger DN: Sulfasalazine metabolites and dapsone attenuate formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine-induced mucosal injury in rat ileum. Gastroenterology. 1989 Mar;96(3):811-6. - Pubmed
  • Gorgulu S, Yagci G, Kaymakcioglu N, Ozkara M, Kurt B, Ozcan A, Kaya O, Sadir S, Tufan T: Hyperbaric oxygen enhances the efficiency of 5-aminosalicylic acid in acetic acid-induced colitis in rats. Dig Dis Sci. 2006 Mar;51(3):480-7. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 0.4941

Predictions


Id Partner name Gene Name Score
2644 2-amino-4-hydroxy-6-hydroxymethyldihydropteridine pyrophosphokinase folK 0.4874
2710 2-amino-4-hydroxy-6-hydroxymethyldihydropteridine pyrophosphokinase folK 0.4874
20 Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1 PTGS1 0.279
1439 Lactotransferrin LTF 0.1236
6500 Phospholipase A2 PLA2G1B 0.1059
1729 Solute carrier family 22 member 6 SLC22A6 0.0715
4757 Cytochrome P450 2C9 CYP2C9 0.0706
2981 Phospholipase A2, membrane associated PLA2G2A 0.0656
238 Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma PPARG 0.0507
6269 S-phase kinase-associated protein 1 SKP1 0.0488
6182 Cytochrome P450 2J2 CYP2J2 0.0472
587 Serum albumin ALB 0.0471
2038 Inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit beta IKBKB 0.046
4200 Cytochrome P450 1A2 CYP1A2 0.0429
2537 Aromatic-amino-acid aminotransferase tyrB 0.0417
301 Kynurenine--oxoglutarate transaminase 1 CCBL1 0.0416
2344 Ribosomal small subunit pseudouridine synthase A rsuA 0.0401
3706 Ribosomal small subunit pseudouridine synthase A rsuA 0.0401
3677 Penicillin-insensitive murein endopeptidase precursor mepA 0.0401
2249 Aspartate aminotransferase aspC 0.0387
2671 Aspartate aminotransferase aspC 0.0387
5490 Aspartate aminotransferase Not Available 0.0387
4512 Cytochrome P450 3A4 CYP3A4 0.0377
703 NADPH azoreductase azr 0.0371
6018 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-9 UGT1A9 0.0356
3923 Cholinesterase BCHE 0.0318
4924 Cytochrome P450 2C8 CYP2C8 0.0317
1736 Somatostatin SST 0.0311
4186 Neuropeptide Y receptor type 2 NPY2R 0.0311
2577 Endoplasmic reticulum mannosyl-oligosaccharide 1,2-alpha-mannosidase MAN1B1 0.0292
1735 Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1 ABCC2 0.0272
723 Cytosolic phospholipase A2 PLA2G4A 0.027
4162 Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 3 KCNQ3 0.0267
309 Antithrombin-III SERPINC1 0.0251
6142 Solute carrier family 22 member 8 SLC22A8 0.025
1086 Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 2 KCNQ2 0.0248
3997 Cytochrome P450 24A1, mitochondrial CYP24A1 0.0239
563 Thyroid peroxidase TPO 0.0238
153 Dopamine beta-hydroxylase DBH 0.0238
1284 Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 2 NR1I2 0.0217
6012 Tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase TDO2 0.0216
503 Somatostatin receptor type 1 SSTR1 0.0214
6013 Cytochrome P450 2E1 CYP2E1 0.0212
3866 Serum amyloid A protein SAA1 0.0209
1932 Apolipoprotein E APOE 0.0208
1200 AMBP protein AMBP 0.0208
54 Prothrombin F2 0.0207
6016 Cytochrome P450 2C19 CYP2C19 0.0205
3872 Somatostatin receptor type 5 SSTR5 0.02
6008 Somatostatin receptor type 2 SSTR2 0.02
904 Glutathione S-transferase P GSTP1 0.0194
1974 Oligopeptide transporter, kidney isoform SLC15A2 0.019
856 Vitamin D3 receptor VDR 0.0189
6020 Aldehyde oxidase AOX1 0.0188
1159 Interleukin-6 IL6 0.0185
1024 Solute carrier family 22 member 11 SLC22A11 0.0185
4152 Superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn] SOD1 0.0183
1539 Oligopeptide transporter, small intestine isoform SLC15A1 0.0183
6158 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1C1 SLCO1C1 0.0181
239 Coagulation factor X F10 0.0167
78 Acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase, mitochondrial ACAT1 0.0167
3947 Xanthine dehydrogenase/oxidase XDH 0.0166
115 Penicillin-binding protein 2 mrdA 0.016
6069 Penicillin-binding protein 2 mrdA 0.016
6118 Penicillin-binding protein 2 penA 0.016
6187 Penicillin-binding protein 2 pbpA 0.016
6686 Penicillin-binding protein 2 pbp2 0.016
6939 Penicillin-binding protein 2 mrdA 0.016
7163 Penicillin-binding protein 2 pbpA 0.016
867 Penicillin-binding protein 3 pbpC 0.016
6119 Penicillin-binding protein 3 pbp3 0.016
7154 Penicillin-binding protein 3 pbp3 0.016
7157 Penicillin-binding protein 3 LMHCC_2184 0.016
7162 Penicillin-binding protein 3 pbpB 0.016
7172 Penicillin-binding protein 3 pbp3 0.016
6024 Cytochrome P450 1A1 CYP1A1 0.0158
1490 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1 SLCO1B1 0.0152
2157 NAD(P)H dehydrogenase [quinone] 1 NQO1 0.015
1588 Multidrug resistance protein 1 ABCB1 0.015
1732 ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 2 ABCG2 0.0149
6165 Copper-transporting ATPase 1 ATP7A 0.0144
6163 Copper-transporting ATPase 2 ATP7B 0.0144
908 Glutathione S-transferase theta-1 GSTT1 0.0144
2164 Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4 ABCC4 0.014
6178 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B7 UGT2B7 0.0139
6146 High affinity copper uptake protein 1 SLC31A1 0.0137
6022 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-1 UGT1A1 0.0137
672 Prostaglandin F2-alpha receptor PTGFR 0.0135
633 Penicillin-binding proteins 1A/1B pbpA 0.0132
778 Cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1 CYSLTR1 0.0124
1650 Heme carrier protein 1 SLC46A1 0.0122
6143 Solute carrier family 22 member 7 SLC22A7 0.0118
896 Glutathione S-transferase Mu 1 GSTM1 0.0115
373 Transthyretin TTR 0.0114
853 Farnesyl pyrophosphate synthetase FDPS 0.0113
3312 Fatty acid-binding protein, brain FABP7 0.0113
6161 Probable low affinity copper uptake protein 2 SLC31A2 0.0111
1632 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2B1 SLCO2B1 0.0109
4118 Cytochrome P450 3A5 CYP3A5 0.0108
33 Cystine/glutamate transporter SLC7A11 0.0107
118 Organic cation/carnitine transporter 2 SLC22A5 0.0103
6106 Cytochrome P450 2C18 CYP2C18 0.0101
1654 Interleukin-1 beta IL1B 0.01
777 Tumor necrosis factor TNF 0.0098
6030 Cytochrome P450 2B6 CYP2B6 0.0096
1181 Alpha-1-acid glycoprotein 1 ORM1 0.0096
6220 Aryl hydrocarbon receptor AHR 0.0094
5718 Cytochrome P450 2A6 CYP2A6 0.0094
3601 Dihydropteroate synthase 1 folP1 0.009
3807 Dihydropteroate synthase 1 folP1 0.009
3808 Dihydropteroate synthase 2 folP2 0.009
1507 Cytochrome c CYCS 0.0089
3116 Bacterioferritin bfr 0.0087
4906 Bacterioferritin bfr 0.0087
4965 Bacterioferritin bfr 0.0087
3238 Multidrug resistance protein mexA mexA 0.0087
3173 Enolase eno 0.0087
3336 C4-dicarboxylate transport transcriptional regulatory protein dctD dctD 0.0087
3709 Glycerol uptake facilitator protein glpF 0.0087
5489 Ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase 1 subunit beta nrdB 0.0087
3393 TGF-beta receptor type-2 TGFBR2 0.0087
782 ADP/ATP translocase 2 SLC25A5 0.0086
688 ADP/ATP translocase 3 SLC25A6 0.0086
494 Caspase-1 CASP1 0.0083
5997 Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 11 TNFSF11 0.0081
183 Vascular endothelial growth factor A VEGFA 0.008
713 Sodium-dependent dopamine transporter SLC6A3 0.008
3941 Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A MAOA 0.008
3939 Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B MAOB 0.008
3221 Cytochrome c4 cc4 0.0079
6102 Arylamine N-acetyltransferase 2 NAT2 0.0077
22 30S ribosomal protein S4 rpsD 0.0076
6714 30S ribosomal protein S4 rpsD 0.0076
2852 DNA mismatch repair protein mutL mutL 0.0076
4221 Vascular endothelial growth factor VEGF 0.0075
5816 Cadherin-5 CDH5 0.0075
86 SEC14-like protein 4 SEC14L4 0.0075
4077 Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit beta isoform PPP2CB 0.0075
375 SEC14-like protein 3 SEC14L3 0.0075
4076 Diacylglycerol kinase alpha DGKA 0.0075
540 Sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter SLC6A2 0.0075
1898 Cytochrome P450 1B1 CYP1B1 0.0074
4119 Cytochrome P450 2D6 CYP2D6 0.0073
140 30S ribosomal protein S9 rpsI 0.0072
6719 30S ribosomal protein S9 rpsI 0.0072
6725 30S ribosomal protein S9 rpsI 0.0072
6459 Glycodelin PAEP 0.007
850 Vasopressin V1b receptor AVPR1B 0.007
2077 Caspase-3 CASP3 0.0069
65 Matrix metalloproteinase-9 Not Available 0.0068
109 Mitochondrial carnitine/acylcarnitine carrier protein CACL SLC25A29 0.0067
636 Mitochondrial carnitine/acylcarnitine carrier protein SLC25A20 0.0067
5278 Bifunctional 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate synthetase 1 PAPSS1 0.0067
3191 Histidinol dehydrogenase hisD 0.0067
146 Androgen receptor AR 0.0066
708 Alpha-tocopherol transfer protein TTPA 0.0065
661 ADP/ATP translocase 1 SLC25A4 0.0064
283 SEC14-like protein 2 SEC14L2 0.0064
905 Glutathione transferase omega-1 GSTO1 0.0063
899 Glutathione S-transferase Mu 3 GSTM3 0.0063
4311 tRNA TRDMT1 0.0062
4325 tRNA trmD 0.0062
4328 tRNA trmD 0.0062
122 P2Y purinoceptor 12 P2RY12 0.0062
4692 A/G-specific adenine glycosylase mutY 0.0061
185 Vasopressin V1a receptor AVPR1A 0.0061
740 Argininosuccinate synthase ASS1 0.0061
865 Argininosuccinate synthase ASS1 0.0061
2680 Argininosuccinate synthase argG 0.0061
3194 Argininosuccinate synthase argG 0.0061
2802 Endoglucanase G celCCG 0.0061
4078 Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit alpha isoform PPP2CA 0.0061
3823 Cytokine receptor common gamma chain IL2RG 0.0061
134 Tryptophan 5-hydroxylase 1 TPH1 0.006
322 Vasopressin V2 receptor AVPR2 0.006
243 Ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase [quinone] NQO2 0.0059
997 Protein kinase C beta type PRKCB 0.0059
6316 ADP-ribosylation factor 1 ARF1 0.0059
6036 Eosinophil peroxidase EPX 0.0059
810 Heme oxygenase 1 HMOX1 0.0058
3391 Heme oxygenase 1 pbsA1 0.0058
6168 Solute carrier family 22 member 16 SLC22A16 0.0058
200 Carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase 2, mitochondrial CPT2 0.0058
451 Carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase I, liver isoform CPT1A 0.0058
3830 Calreticulin CALR 0.0057
186 Glutamate--cysteine ligase catalytic subunit GCLC 0.0057
6101 Dimethylaniline monooxygenase [N-oxide-forming] 3 FMO3 0.0057
412 Peroxisomal carnitine O-octanoyltransferase CROT 0.0057
551 Carnitine O-acetyltransferase CRAT 0.0057
6137 Multidrug resistance-associated protein 6 ABCC6 0.0056
6139 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A2 SLCO1A2 0.0056
3811 Cytochrome P450 19A1 CYP19A1 0.0055
1970 Protein kinase C alpha type PRKCA 0.0055
6034 Hydroxyindole O-methyltransferase ASMT 0.0055
6035 Nuclear receptor ROR-beta RORB 0.0055
389 Amiloride-sensitive cation channel 2, neuronal ACCN2 0.0055
676 Tyrosine 3-monooxygenase TH 0.0054
724 Interleukin-2 receptor alpha chain IL2RA 0.0053
717 Interleukin-2 receptor subunit beta IL2RB 0.0053
2101 Glutathione-requiring prostaglandin D synthase HPGDS 0.0052
4132 Chloride channel protein ClC-Ka CLCNKA 0.0051
862 Multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 ABCC1 0.0049
444 Alcohol dehydrogenase 1B ADH1B 0.0049
6144 Solute carrier family 22 member 2 SLC22A2 0.0049
828 Phenylalanine-4-hydroxylase PAH 0.0049
3109 Phenylalanine-4-hydroxylase phhA 0.0049
3804 Sodium channel protein type 4 subunit alpha SCN4A 0.0049
3932 Glutathione S-transferase A2 GSTA2 0.0049
765 Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase IDO1 0.0047
1648 Elastin ELN 0.0047
6176 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-3 UGT1A3 0.0047
139 Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C1 AKR1C1 0.0047
1709 Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 2 ABCC3 0.0047
1502 Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta PPARD 0.0046
1656 CYP2B protein CYP2B 0.0045
4604 Liver carboxylesterase 1 CES1 0.0045
362 Melatonin receptor type 1B MTNR1B 0.0045
571 Melatonin receptor type 1A MTNR1A 0.0045
291 Nitric-oxide synthase, endothelial NOS3 0.0045
737 Mineralocorticoid receptor NR3C2 0.0044
6181 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-8 UGT1A8 0.0043
6043 Putative G-protein coupled receptor 44 GPR44 0.0042
738 Monocarboxylate transporter 1 SLC16A1 0.0041
650 Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C3 AKR1C3 0.0041
614 Progesterone receptor PGR 0.004
232 Corticosteroid-binding globulin SERPINA6 0.0039
6177 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-10 UGT1A10 0.0039
130 Prostacyclin synthase PTGIS 0.0037
1789 Lymphotoxin-alpha LTA 0.0037
1269 Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 1B TNFRSF1B 0.0037
6180 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B4 UGT2B4 0.0036
468 Cytochrome P450 4A11 CYP4A11 0.0036
833 Organic cation/carnitine transporter 1 SLC22A4 0.0035
2184 Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator CFTR 0.0035
6107 Cytochrome P450 3A7 CYP3A7 0.0034
871 Glucocorticoid receptor NR3C1 0.0033
6040 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, decarboxylating PGD 0.0033
6136 Multidrug resistance-associated protein 5 ABCC5 0.0033
759 Free fatty acid receptor 1 FFAR1 0.0032
1818 Long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase 3 ACSL3 0.0032
6033 High affinity interleukin-8 receptor A CXCR1 0.0032
1787 Nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit NFKB1 0.0032
489 Monocarboxylate transporter 2 SLC16A7 0.003
465 Calmodulin CALM1 0.0029
1714 Mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 MAPK3 0.0028
1053 BC269730_2 FADS1 0.0028
1395 Sodium/calcium exchanger 1 SLC8A1 0.0028
6147 Solute carrier family 22 member 3 SLC22A3 0.0027
823 Fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 FGFR2 0.0027
1457 Long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase 4 ACSL4 0.0026
1558 Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1 TRPV1 0.0026
2180 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1 PDPK1 0.0026
663 Solute carrier family 12 member 4 SLC12A4 0.0026
53 Solute carrier family 12 member 5 SLC12A5 0.0026
6141 Sodium/bile acid cotransporter SLC10A1 0.0026
310 Solute carrier family 12 member 2 SLC12A2 0.0024
136 Estrogen receptor ESR1 0.0024
6149 Solute carrier family 22 member 10 SLC22A10 0.0024
2236 Casein kinase II subunit alpha CSNK2A1 0.0024
459 Retinoic acid receptor RXR-alpha RXRA 0.0023
4943 Cytochrome c6 petJ 0.0023
4905 Cytochrome c2 Not Available 0.0023
4939 Cytochrome c2 cycA 0.0023
4964 Cytochrome c2 cycA 0.0023
4979 Cytochrome c2 cycA 0.0023
6673 Cytochrome c2 cycA 0.0023
4934 Cytochrome c-551 nirM 0.0023
5218 Cytochrome c-551 nirM 0.0023
4947 Bacterial hemoglobin vhb 0.0023
4994 Hemoglobin-like protein HbO glbO 0.0023
4916 Cyanoglobin glbN 0.0023
4954 Soluble cytochrome b558 Not Available 0.0023
4942 Diheme cytochrome c napB napB 0.0023
4975 Cytochrome c-556 RPA3973 0.0023
4909 CooA protein cooA 0.0023
4925 Cytochrome c-type protein SHP shp 0.0023
4998 Hemoglobin-like protein yjbI yjbI 0.0023
4984 Neuroglobin NGB 0.0023
4936 Cytochrome c2 iso-2 Not Available 0.0023
4907 Cytochrome c-L moxG 0.0023
6865 Cytochrome c-L moxG 0.0023
4981 Iron-starvation protein PigA pigA 0.0023
4915 Cytochrome c-550 psbV 0.0023
4959 Cytochrome c-550 psbV 0.0023
5216 Cytochrome c-550 psbV 0.0023
4989 Cytochrome c551 peroxidase ccp 0.0023
5222 Cytochrome c551 peroxidase ccpA 0.0023
5000 HemO hemO 0.0023
644 Heme oxygenase 2 HMOX2 0.0023
4982 Heme oxygenase 2 pbsA2 0.0023
4764 Cytochrome P450 165C4 CYP165C4 0.0023
4935 Cytochrome c-554 cycA1 0.0023
4999 Cytochrome P450 165B3 CYP165B3 0.0023
4961 Hemophore HasA hasA 0.0023
4910 Cytoglobin CYGB 0.0023
4904 Cytochrome c family protein GSU1996 0.0023
4971 Nonaheme cytochrome c hmcA 0.0023
4937 Cytochrome oxidase subunit II rcoxA 0.0023
4976 Apocytochrome f petA 0.0023
6407 Apocytochrome f petA 0.0023
4931 Cytochrome P450 167A1 CYP167A1 0.0023
4972 P450cin cinA 0.0023
4960 Putative cytochrome P450-family protein SCO7417 0.0023
4926 Heme-based aerotactic transducer hemAT hemAT 0.0023
4903 Methyl-accepting chemotaxis protein Tar4 0.0023
4922 Cytochrome c, putative SO_4144 0.0023
4952 Catalase/peroxidase katA 0.0023
4993 Hydroxylamine oxidoreductase hao1 0.0023
4970 Cytochrome c nitrite reductase catalytic subunit nrfA 0.0023
3093 Catalase HPII katE 0.0023
4908 Heme-regulated cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase dosP 0.0023
6145 Solute carrier family 22 member 1 SLC22A1 0.0023
2782 Complement C1s subcomponent C1S 0.0022
3817 Complement C1q subcomponent subunit C C1QC 0.0021
3815 Complement C1q subcomponent subunit A C1QA 0.0021
3816 Complement C1q subcomponent subunit B C1QB 0.0021
1102 Low affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc region receptor III-B FCGR3B 0.0021
3818 Low affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc region receptor III-A FCGR3A 0.0021
3819 Low affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc region receptor II-a FCGR2A 0.0021
3821 Low affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc region receptor II-c FCGR2C 0.0021
3814 Complement C1r subcomponent C1R 0.0021
3820 Low affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc region receptor II-b FCGR2B 0.002
822 Aldose reductase AKR1B1 0.002
784 High affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc receptor I FCGR1A 0.0019
558 Solute carrier family 12 member 1 SLC12A1 0.0019
4920 Peroxidase/catalase katG 0.0017
4956 Quinohemoprotein alcohol dehydrogenase ADH IIB qbdA 0.0017
4037 Hypothetical protein GPX1 0.0017
4297 Hypothetical protein SP_1951 0.0017
4521 Hypothetical protein BC_2969 0.0017
4540 Hypothetical protein TM_1070 0.0017
4555 Hypothetical protein MT1739 0.0017
4569 Hypothetical protein mshD 0.0017
4578 Hypothetical protein PA3270 0.0017
4747 Hypothetical protein PA3967 0.0017
5177 Hypothetical protein TM_0096 0.0017
5194 Hypothetical protein PA1204 0.0017
5240 Hypothetical protein Rv2991 0.0017
5370 Hypothetical protein TM_1158 0.0017
5710 Hypothetical protein Tb927.5.1360 0.0017
2119 Cytochrome b5 CYB5A 0.0017
4948 Cytochrome c-553 Not Available 0.0017
4990 PpcA ppcA 0.0017
4923 Cytochrome c3 DvMF_2499 0.0017
4945 Cytochrome c3 Not Available 0.0017
4949 Cytochrome c3 DVU_3171 0.0017
4968 Cytochrome c3 cytc3 0.0017
4997 Cytochrome c3 SO_2727 0.0017
5219 Cytochrome c3 cyd 0.0017
4902 Nine-heme cytochrome c Ddes_2038 0.0017
3189 High-molecular-weight cytochrome c hmcA 0.0017
4289 Cytochrome P450 TT_P0059 0.0017
6262 Cytochrome P450 staP 0.0017
3570 Cytochrome P450 152A1 cypC 0.0017
4992 Cytochrome c peroxidase Not Available 0.0017
4988 Sulfite oxidase, mitochondrial SUOX 0.0017
2915 Sensor protein fixL fixL 0.0016
4944 Sensor protein fixL fixL 0.0016
4385 Cytochrome c' Not Available 0.0016
4967 Cytochrome c' cycA 0.0016
5038 Cytochrome c' Not Available 0.0016
5223 Cytochrome c' cycP 0.0016
3375 Acidic cytochrome c3 Not Available 0.0016
4813 Heme oxygenase hmuO 0.0016
5769 Heme oxygenase Not Available 0.0016
2021 Thrombomodulin THBD 0.0016
2230 Catalase CAT 0.0016
3249 Catalase katA 0.0016
3625 Catalase katA 0.0016
4539 Catalase katA 0.0016
4941 Catalase katB 0.0016
1192 Sulfotransferase 1A1 SULT1A1 0.0015
1275 Estrogen sulfotransferase SULT1E1 0.0015
3670 Soluble cytochrome b562 precursor cybC 0.0015
3411 Cytochrome P450 121 cyp121 0.0015
2617 Nitric oxide synthase oxygenase nos 0.0014
2701 Nitric oxide synthase oxygenase nos 0.0014
3291 Cytochrome c-552 cycA 0.0014
4927 Cytochrome c-552 nrfA 0.0014
4938 Cytochrome c-552 cycA 0.0014
4953 Cytochrome c-552 nrfA 0.0014
5217 Cytochrome c-552 cycM 0.0014
518 Peroxidase/catalase T katG 0.0014
4386 Hemoglobin-like protein HbN glbN 0.0014
3102 Flavohemoprotein hmp 0.0014
4969 Flavohemoprotein hmp 0.0014
1050 Bile salt sulfotransferase SULT2A1 0.0014
4192 DNA topoisomerase 2-beta TOP2B 0.0014
2845 Bifunctional P-450:NADPH-P450 reductase CYP102A1 0.0013
605 Fumarate reductase flavoprotein subunit frdA 0.0013
2709 Fumarate reductase flavoprotein subunit SO_0970 0.0013
3673 Fumarate reductase flavoprotein subunit fccA 0.0013
4912 Fumarate reductase flavoprotein subunit ifcA 0.0013
6549 Fumarate reductase flavoprotein subunit frdA 0.0013
3127 Nitrite reductase nirS 0.0013
3284 Nitrite reductase nirS 0.0013
2972 6-deoxyerythronolide B hydroxylase eryF 0.0013
4608 Putative cytochrome P450 SCO1207 0.0012
4963 Putative cytochrome P450 SCO2884 0.0012
6254 Putative cytochrome P450 SCO6998 0.0012
6042 Prostaglandin reductase 2 PTGR2 0.0012
358 Cystathionine beta-synthase CBS 0.0012
1792 Tissue-type plasminogen activator PLAT 0.0011
260 Cytochrome P450 51 ERG11 0.0011
761 Cytochrome P450 51 ERG11 0.0011
3163 Cytochrome P450 51 cyp51 0.0011
273 Apoptosis regulator Bcl-2 BCL2 0.0011
6148 Multidrug resistance-associated protein 7 ABCC10 0.0011
693 Hemoglobin subunit beta HBB 0.0011
6085 Fatty acid-binding protein, intestinal FABP2 0.0011
817 DNA topoisomerase 2-alpha TOP2A 0.001
6268 Hydroxyacid oxidase 1 HAO1 0.001
1313 Lactoylglutathione lyase GLO1 0.0009
6155 ATP-binding cassette transporter sub-family C member 11 ABCC11 0.0009
2298 Cytochrome P450-cam camC 0.0009
76 Nitric-oxide synthase, brain NOS1 0.0008
7 Nitric oxide synthase, inducible NOS2 0.0008
↑