DT-Web

DB08837 - Tetraethylammonium


Identification
Name Tetraethylammonium
Accession Number DB08837
Type small molecule
Description Tetraethylammonium is an experimental drug with no approved indication or marketed formulation. The only marketed drug containing tetraethylammonium was a combination drug called Fosglutamina B6, but this drug has now been discontinued. As an experimental agent, tetraethylammonium is used in its salt forms such as tetraethylammonium chloride and tetraethylammonium bromide. Its mechanism of action is still being investigated, but it is known that tetraethylammonium blocks autonomic ganglia, calcium- and voltage- activated potassium channels, and nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Because of its inhibitory actions at the autonomic ganglia, tetraethylammonium was thought to be a potential therapeutic vasodilator but serious toxic effects were found. The most common use of tetraethylammonium presently is as a pharmacological research agent that blocks selective potassium channels. Structurally, tetraethylammonium is positively charged due to its central quaternary ammonium.
Structure
MOL SDF PDB SMILES InChI
Categories (*)
Molecular Weight 130.2511
Groups experimental
Monoisotopic Weight 130.159574645
Pharmacology
Indication Tetraethylammonium is an experimental drug with no approved indication.
Mechanism of action Tetraethylammonium's mechanism of action is still being investigated, but it is known that it blocks autonomic ganglia, calcium- and voltage- activated potassium channels, and nicotinic acetylcholine receptors.
Absorption Not Available
Protein binding Not Available
Biotransformation Not Available
Route of elimination Tetraethylammonium is eliminated by active renal tubular secretion by the cation transport system.
Toxicity Studies in animals and humans have reported cases of serious muscle paralysis, which can lead to respiratory distress and death.
Affected organisms
  • Humans and other mammals
Interactions
Drug Interactions Not Available
Food Interactions Not Available

Targets


Voltage-gated potassium channel
Name Voltage-gated potassium channel
Gene Name kcsA
Pharmacological action unknown
Actions inhibitor
References
  • Ahern CA, Eastwood AL, Lester HA, Dougherty DA, Horn R: A cation-pi interaction between extracellular TEA and an aromatic residue in potassium channels. J Gen Physiol. 2006 Dec;128(6):649-57. - Pubmed
  • Bisset D, Chung SH: Efficacy of external tetraethylammonium block of the KcsA potassium channel: molecular and Brownian dynamics studies. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2008 Oct;1778(10):2273-82. doi: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2008.05.008. Epub 2008 Jun 3. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 0.7226
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-9
Name Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-9
Gene Name CHRNA9
Pharmacological action unknown
Actions agonist,inhibitor
References
  • Akk G, Steinbach JH: Activation and block of mouse muscle-type nicotinic receptors by tetraethylammonium. J Physiol. 2003 Aug 15;551(Pt 1):155-68. Epub 2003 Jun 24. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 0.2081
Calcium-activated potassium channel subunit alpha-1
Name Calcium-activated potassium channel subunit alpha-1
Gene Name Not Available
Pharmacological action unknown
Actions inhibitor
References
  • Lang DG, Ritchie AK: Tetraethylammonium blockade of apamin-sensitive and insensitive Ca2(+)-activated K+ channels in a pituitary cell line. J Physiol. 1990 Jun;425:117-32. - Pubmed
  • Latorre R, Vergara C, Hidalgo C: Reconstitution in planar lipid bilayers of a Ca2+-dependent K+ channel from transverse tubule membranes isolated from rabbit skeletal muscle. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1982 Feb;79(3):805-9. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score Not Available

Transporters


Solute carrier family 22 member 1
Name Solute carrier family 22 member 1
Gene Name SLC22A1
Actions Not Available
References
  • Grundemann D, Liebich G, Kiefer N, Koster S, Schomig E: Selective substrates for non-neuronal monoamine transporters. Mol Pharmacol. 1999 Jul;56(1):1-10. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 0.4416
Solute carrier family 22 member 2
Name Solute carrier family 22 member 2
Gene Name SLC22A2
Actions Not Available
References
  • Grundemann D, Liebich G, Kiefer N, Koster S, Schomig E: Selective substrates for non-neuronal monoamine transporters. Mol Pharmacol. 1999 Jul;56(1):1-10. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 0.3748
Solute carrier family 22 member 3
Name Solute carrier family 22 member 3
Gene Name SLC22A3
Actions Not Available
References
  • Wu X, Huang W, Ganapathy ME, Wang H, Kekuda R, Conway SJ, Leibach FH, Ganapathy V: Structure, function, and regional distribution of the organic cation transporter OCT3 in the kidney. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2000 Sep;279(3):F449-58. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 0.3095
Organic cation/carnitine transporter 1
Name Organic cation/carnitine transporter 1
Gene Name SLC22A4
Actions Not Available
References
  • Wu X, George RL, Huang W, Wang H, Conway SJ, Leibach FH, Ganapathy V: Structural and functional characteristics and tissue distribution pattern of rat OCTN1, an organic cation transporter, cloned from placenta. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2000 Jun 1;1466(1-2):315-27. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 0.3244
Organic cation/carnitine transporter 2
Name Organic cation/carnitine transporter 2
Gene Name SLC22A5
Actions Not Available
References
  • Ohashi R, Tamai I, Yabuuchi H, Nezu JI, Oku A, Sai Y, Shimane M, Tsuji A: Na(+)-dependent carnitine transport by organic cation transporter (OCTN2): its pharmacological and toxicological relevance. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1999 Nov;291(2):778-84. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 0.4067
Solute carrier family 22 member 8
Name Solute carrier family 22 member 8
Gene Name SLC22A8
Actions Not Available
References
  • Enomoto A, Takeda M, Taki K, Takayama F, Noshiro R, Niwa T, Endou H: Interactions of human organic anion as well as cation transporters with indoxyl sulfate. Eur J Pharmacol. 2003 Apr 11;466(1-2):13-20. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 0.2988

Predictions


Id Partner name Gene Name Score
6366 Voltage-gated potassium channel kcsA 0.7226
6338 Ig kappa chain C region IGKC 0.3484
1729 Solute carrier family 22 member 6 SLC22A6 0.1369
4119 Cytochrome P450 2D6 CYP2D6 0.1366
4512 Cytochrome P450 3A4 CYP3A4 0.1221
1588 Multidrug resistance protein 1 ABCB1 0.1078
1024 Solute carrier family 22 member 11 SLC22A11 0.093
4200 Cytochrome P450 1A2 CYP1A2 0.0904
6143 Solute carrier family 22 member 7 SLC22A7 0.069
4757 Cytochrome P450 2C9 CYP2C9 0.0678
6016 Cytochrome P450 2C19 CYP2C19 0.0662
1735 Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1 ABCC2 0.062
813 Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-2 CHRNA2 0.0569
4118 Cytochrome P450 3A5 CYP3A5 0.0554
1539 Oligopeptide transporter, small intestine isoform SLC15A1 0.0552
6139 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A2 SLCO1A2 0.0549
6080 Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-5 CHRNA5 0.0548
948 Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-2 CHRNB2 0.0547
6082 Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-3 CHRNB3 0.0547
1974 Oligopeptide transporter, kidney isoform SLC15A2 0.053
862 Multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 ABCC1 0.0528
6024 Cytochrome P450 1A1 CYP1A1 0.0507
6081 Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-6 CHRNA6 0.0482
1490 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1 SLCO1B1 0.0479
587 Serum albumin ALB 0.0473
4924 Cytochrome P450 2C8 CYP2C8 0.0464
1732 ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 2 ABCG2 0.0445
6078 Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-4 CHRNB4 0.0444
6107 Cytochrome P450 3A7 CYP3A7 0.044
3923 Cholinesterase BCHE 0.0429
6030 Cytochrome P450 2B6 CYP2B6 0.0427
378 Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor ADRA2C 0.0406
6154 Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 1 SLC47A1 0.0406
458 Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-10 CHRNA10 0.0401
6079 Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-3 CHRNA3 0.0388
474 Acetylcholinesterase ACHE 0.0385
6013 Cytochrome P450 2E1 CYP2E1 0.0381
617 Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2 CHRM2 0.0375
492 Histamine H1 receptor HRH1 0.0368
2164 Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4 ABCC4 0.0361
766 Beta-2 adrenergic receptor ADRB2 0.0354
776 Bile salt export pump ABCB11 0.0354
1632 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2B1 SLCO2B1 0.0349
629 Alpha-2B adrenergic receptor ADRA2B 0.0348
124 Histamine H2 receptor HRH2 0.0347
477 DNA topoisomerase 4 subunit A parC 0.034
886 DNA topoisomerase 4 subunit A parC 0.034
6226 DNA topoisomerase 4 subunit A parC 0.034
51 Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M3 CHRM3 0.0337
5718 Cytochrome P450 2A6 CYP2A6 0.0334
404 DNA gyrase subunit A gyrA 0.0334
6224 DNA gyrase subunit A gyrA 0.0334
556 Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor ADRA1A 0.0329
6160 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 3A1 SLCO3A1 0.0316
318 Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor ADRA2A 0.031
220 Sodium channel protein type 5 subunit alpha SCN5A 0.03
4095 Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-7 CHRNA7 0.0299
947 Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-4 CHRNA4 0.0297
193 Beta-1 adrenergic receptor ADRB1 0.0286
3939 Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B MAOB 0.0283
3941 Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A MAOA 0.0274
103 Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1 CHRM1 0.0272
1181 Alpha-1-acid glycoprotein 1 ORM1 0.0269
6014 Cytochrome P450 2A13 CYP2A13 0.0269
245 Large neutral amino acids transporter small subunit 1 SLC7A5 0.0269
817 DNA topoisomerase 2-alpha TOP2A 0.0264
281 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit beta-1 PRKAB1 0.0264
159 Penicillin-binding protein 2B penA 0.0255
6121 Penicillin-binding protein 2B penA 0.0255
738 Monocarboxylate transporter 1 SLC16A1 0.025
5126 Arginase rocF 0.025
6010 Thiamine transporter 1 SLC19A2 0.0248
624 Guanidinoacetate N-methyltransferase GAMT 0.0248
3704 Spermidine/putrescine-binding periplasmic protein precursor potD 0.0242
540 Sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter SLC6A2 0.0236
713 Sodium-dependent dopamine transporter SLC6A3 0.0234
449 Ornithine decarboxylase ODC1 0.0233
1064 DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 1 DNMT1 0.0231
131 Synaptic vesicular amine transporter SLC18A2 0.0231
3947 Xanthine dehydrogenase/oxidase XDH 0.0231
6153 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 4A1 SLCO4A1 0.0229
175 Thiamin pyrophosphokinase 1 TPK1 0.0222
789 Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor ADRA1D 0.0218
6136 Multidrug resistance-associated protein 5 ABCC5 0.0217
6106 Cytochrome P450 2C18 CYP2C18 0.0212
632 Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor ADRA1B 0.0212
5626 Nucleoside diphosphate kinase B NME2 0.021
3560 Gentamicin 3'-acetyltransferase aacC1 0.021
6148 Multidrug resistance-associated protein 7 ABCC10 0.0207
2429 Putrescine-binding periplasmic protein potF 0.0206
6164 POU domain, class 5, transcription factor 1 POU5F1 0.0206
6141 Sodium/bile acid cotransporter SLC10A1 0.0205
824 Sodium-dependent serotonin transporter SLC6A4 0.0202
6158 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1C1 SLCO1C1 0.0201
831 D(2) dopamine receptor DRD2 0.0201
1636 Trace amine-associated receptor 1 TAAR1 0.0195
677 Choline-phosphate cytidylyltransferase A PCYT1A 0.0193
502 5-hydroxytryptamine 2A receptor HTR2A 0.019
20 Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1 PTGS1 0.0184
6157 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B3 SLCO1B3 0.018
1709 Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 2 ABCC3 0.018
1898 Cytochrome P450 1B1 CYP1B1 0.0177
1757 Myeloperoxidase MPO 0.0176
338 DNA polymerase UL30 0.0173
379 DNA polymerase UL54 0.0173
697 DNA polymerase ORF28 0.0173
2482 DNA polymerase 43 0.0173
4104 DNA polymerase BALF5 0.0173
150 Cationic amino acid transporter 3 SLC7A3 0.0173
235 High-affinity cationic amino acid transporter 1 SLC7A1 0.0173
58 Cationic amino acid transporter 4 SLC7A4 0.0173
6070 Nischarin NISCH 0.0172
147 Aldehyde dehydrogenase, mitochondrial ALDH2 0.0172
3610 Thioredoxin reductase 1, cytoplasmic TXNRD1 0.017
5294 Nucleoside diphosphate kinase A NME1 0.0169
3970 Voltage-dependent N-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1B CACNA1B 0.0169
23 D(1A) dopamine receptor DRD1 0.0169
7 Nitric oxide synthase, inducible NOS2 0.0162
982 Cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript protein CARTPT 0.0161
341 5-hydroxytryptamine 3 receptor HTR3A 0.0159
645 Penicillin-binding protein 1A mrcA 0.0157
5805 Penicillin-binding protein 1A ponA 0.0157
6185 Penicillin-binding protein 1A mrcA 0.0157
6799 Penicillin-binding protein 1A pbpA 0.0157
672 Prostaglandin F2-alpha receptor PTGFR 0.0154
4773 Deoxycytidine kinase DCK 0.0153
113 S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase proenzyme AMD1 0.0152
4203 Histamine N-methyltransferase HNMT 0.0152
1341 Histamine H3 receptor HRH3 0.0151
633 Penicillin-binding proteins 1A/1B pbpA 0.015
2261 Major NAD(P)H-flavin oxidoreductase Not Available 0.0149
6137 Multidrug resistance-associated protein 6 ABCC6 0.0147
756 Sex hormone-binding globulin SHBG 0.0146
164 Histamine H4 receptor HRH4 0.0145
2300 Lysozyme E 0.0143
3633 Lysozyme R 0.0143
5597 Lysozyme 17 0.0143
101 Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2 KCNH2 0.0142
303 Diamine acetyltransferase 2 SAT2 0.0141
1317 Spermine synthase SMS 0.0141
623 Spermine oxidase SMOX 0.0141
5682 Ribonuclease pancreatic RNASE1 0.0141
290 Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 PTGS2 0.014
828 Phenylalanine-4-hydroxylase PAH 0.0136
3109 Phenylalanine-4-hydroxylase phhA 0.0136
342 P protein [Includes: DNA-directed DNA polymerase P 0.0134
612 P protein [Includes: DNA-directed DNA polymerase P 0.0134
6432 Transporter snf 0.0131
401 Glutamate [NMDA] receptor subunit zeta-1 GRIN1 0.0131
748 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-1 PRKAA1 0.013
749 Amiloride-sensitive cation channel 1, neuronal ACCN1 0.0129
6152 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2A1 SLCO2A1 0.0129
6151 Monocarboxylate transporter 10 SLC16A10 0.0127
6098 Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily D member 2 KCND2 0.0127
6099 Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily D member 3 KCND3 0.0127
123 Diamine acetyltransferase 1 SAT1 0.0127
4604 Liver carboxylesterase 1 CES1 0.0126
709 ATP-sensitive inward rectifier potassium channel 1 KCNJ1 0.0126
3929 Phosphoethanolamine/phosphocholine phosphatase PHOSPHO1 0.0125
549 Choline-phosphate cytidylyltransferase B PCYT1B 0.0125
3933 Choline/ethanolaminephosphotransferase CEPT1 0.0125
769 High-affinity choline transporter 1 SLC5A7 0.0125
3927 Choline transporter-like protein 3 SLC44A3 0.0125
264 Choline/ethanolamine kinase [Includes: Choline kinase beta CHKB 0.0125
1686 Choline transporter-like protein 1 SLC44A1 0.0125
3926 Choline transporter-like protein 2 SLC44A2 0.0125
861 Choline kinase alpha CHKA 0.0125
700 Choline dehydrogenase, mitochondrial CHDH 0.0125
3925 Choline transporter-like protein 4 SLC44A4 0.0125
576 Choline O-acetyltransferase CHAT 0.0125
3922 Phospholipase D2 PLD2 0.0125
3924 Phospholipase D1 PLD1 0.0125
389 Amiloride-sensitive cation channel 2, neuronal ACCN2 0.0125
4094 Gamma-aminobutyric acid type B receptor, subunit 2 GABBR2 0.0119
387 Amiloride-sensitive amine oxidase [copper-containing] ABP1 0.0117
7187 Amiloride-sensitive amine oxidase [copper-containing] ABP1 0.0117
4209 ATP-sensitive inward rectifier potassium channel 8 KCNJ8 0.0116
6140 Ileal sodium/bile acid cotransporter SLC10A2 0.0116
976 Platelet glycoprotein IX GP9 0.0115
6150 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 4C1 SLCO4C1 0.0115
1 Peptidoglycan synthetase ftsI ftsI 0.0115
4155 Peptidoglycan synthetase ftsI ftsI 0.0115
2016 Dipeptidase 1 DPEP1 0.0115
827 Sodium/hydrogen exchanger 1 SLC9A1 0.0115
213 Amiloride-sensitive sodium channel subunit alpha SCNN1A 0.0113
543 Penicillin-binding protein 1B mrcB 0.0113
6186 Penicillin-binding protein 1B ponB 0.0113
6822 Penicillin-binding protein 1b pbp1b 0.0113
6844 Penicillin-binding protein 1b pbp1b 0.0113
552 Amiloride-sensitive sodium channel subunit gamma SCNN1G 0.0113
550 Amiloride-sensitive sodium channel subunit delta SCNN1D 0.0113
27 Amiloride-sensitive sodium channel subunit beta SCNN1B 0.0113
221 Lysyl-tRNA synthetase KARS 0.0112
109 Mitochondrial carnitine/acylcarnitine carrier protein CACL SLC25A29 0.0112
636 Mitochondrial carnitine/acylcarnitine carrier protein SLC25A20 0.0112
805 Cytochrome P450 11B1, mitochondrial CYP11B1 0.0111
6155 ATP-binding cassette transporter sub-family C member 11 ABCC11 0.0111
320 5-hydroxytryptamine 1A receptor HTR1A 0.0109
161 Tubulin beta chain TUBB 0.0106
312 Tubulin beta chain TUB2 0.0106
332 Beta-lactamase blaZ 0.0105
2478 Beta-lactamase ampC 0.0105
2613 Beta-lactamase ampC 0.0105
2635 Beta-lactamase ampC 0.0105
2700 Beta-lactamase penP 0.0105
5445 Beta-lactamase blaB 0.0105
6019 Beta-lactamase SHV-7 0.0105
6701 Beta-lactamase cphA 0.0105
6017 Cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme, mitochondrial CYP11A1 0.0102
22 30S ribosomal protein S4 rpsD 0.0101
6714 30S ribosomal protein S4 rpsD 0.0101
115 Penicillin-binding protein 2 mrdA 0.0099
6069 Penicillin-binding protein 2 mrdA 0.0099
6118 Penicillin-binding protein 2 penA 0.0099
6187 Penicillin-binding protein 2 pbpA 0.0099
6686 Penicillin-binding protein 2 pbp2 0.0099
6939 Penicillin-binding protein 2 mrdA 0.0099
7163 Penicillin-binding protein 2 pbpA 0.0099
1517 Beta-3 adrenergic receptor ADRB3 0.0099
1360 Sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase SMPD1 0.0099
619 Low-affinity cationic amino acid transporter 2 SLC7A2 0.0098
136 Estrogen receptor ESR1 0.0097
6171 Solute carrier family 28 member 3 SLC28A3 0.0097
6168 Solute carrier family 22 member 16 SLC22A16 0.0096
3811 Cytochrome P450 19A1 CYP19A1 0.0096
6104 Dimethylaniline monooxygenase [N-oxide-forming] 1 FMO1 0.0096
465 Calmodulin CALM1 0.0096
200 Carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase 2, mitochondrial CPT2 0.0095
451 Carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase I, liver isoform CPT1A 0.0095
140 30S ribosomal protein S9 rpsI 0.0095
6719 30S ribosomal protein S9 rpsI 0.0095
6725 30S ribosomal protein S9 rpsI 0.0095
412 Peroxisomal carnitine O-octanoyltransferase CROT 0.0094
551 Carnitine O-acetyltransferase CRAT 0.0094
240 Gamma-aminobutyric acid type B receptor, subunit 1 GABBR1 0.0093
274 Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5 CHRM5 0.0092
450 Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M4 CHRM4 0.009
380 Cytochrome P450 17A1 CYP17A1 0.0089
499 Arginine decarboxylase ADC 0.0089
163 D(1B) dopamine receptor DRD5 0.0088
751 Potassium channel subfamily K member 6 KCNK6 0.0088
514 Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 6 KCNH6 0.0087
772 Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 7 KCNH7 0.0087
6167 Organic solute transporter subunit beta OSTB 0.0086
6166 Organic solute transporter subunit alpha OSTA 0.0086
694 Matrix protein 2 M 0.0086
577 Argininosuccinate lyase ASL 0.0085
834 Arginase-2, mitochondrial ARG2 0.0084
462 Intermediate conductance calcium-activated potassium channel protein 4 KCNN4 0.0084
432 D(4) dopamine receptor DRD4 0.0084
706 Glutamate [NMDA] receptor subunit 3A GRIN3A 0.0084
737 Mineralocorticoid receptor NR3C2 0.0082
6149 Solute carrier family 22 member 10 SLC22A10 0.0082
6020 Aldehyde oxidase AOX1 0.0082
638 D(3) dopamine receptor DRD3 0.0081
6101 Dimethylaniline monooxygenase [N-oxide-forming] 3 FMO3 0.0081
6165 Copper-transporting ATPase 1 ATP7A 0.008
6163 Copper-transporting ATPase 2 ATP7B 0.008
172 Potassium channel subfamily K member 1 KCNK1 0.008
2222 Equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 SLC29A1 0.0079
153 Dopamine beta-hydroxylase DBH 0.0079
1830 5'-nucleotidase NT5E 0.0077
6146 High affinity copper uptake protein 1 SLC31A1 0.0077
6178 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B7 UGT2B7 0.0077
740 Argininosuccinate synthase ASS1 0.0076
865 Argininosuccinate synthase ASS1 0.0076
2680 Argininosuccinate synthase argG 0.0076
3194 Argininosuccinate synthase argG 0.0076
125 DNA polymerase beta POLB 0.0074
4152 Superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn] SOD1 0.0074
908 Glutathione S-transferase theta-1 GSTT1 0.0073
6022 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-1 UGT1A1 0.0073
702 UMP-CMP kinase CMPK1 0.0072
1074 Urokinase-type plasminogen activator PLAU 0.0071
438 Taste receptor type 1 member 2 TAS1R2 0.0071
3810 Catechol O-methyltransferase COMT 0.007
3876 Aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase DDC 0.0067
558 Solute carrier family 12 member 1 SLC12A1 0.0066
527 Prostacyclin receptor PTGIR 0.0065
3686 Acyl-CoA thioesterase I precursor tesA 0.0065
3611 Cytidine deaminase cdd 0.0065
3707 Cytidine deaminase cdd 0.0065
4211 Cytidine deaminase CDA 0.0065
896 Glutathione S-transferase Mu 1 GSTM1 0.0064
146 Androgen receptor AR 0.0064
192 Creatine kinase, ubiquitous mitochondrial CKMT1A 0.0063
456 Creatine kinase, sarcomeric mitochondrial CKMT2 0.0063
92 Creatine kinase B-type CKB 0.0063
414 Sodium- and chloride-dependent creatine transporter 1 SLC6A8 0.0063
6138 Multidrug resistance protein 3 ABCB4 0.0061
2157 NAD(P)H dehydrogenase [quinone] 1 NQO1 0.0061
6218 Pannexin-1 PANX1 0.006
933 Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src SRC 0.0059
869 Estrogen receptor beta ESR2 0.0058
6067 Penicillin binding protein 2a mecA 0.0058
6040 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, decarboxylating PGD 0.0058
6111 DNA polymerase epsilon subunit 4 POLE4 0.0058
6112 DNA polymerase epsilon subunit 3 POLE3 0.0058
6108 Ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase subunit M2 B RRM2B 0.0058
6110 DNA polymerase epsilon subunit 2 POLE2 0.0058
6109 DNA polymerase epsilon catalytic subunit A POLE 0.0058
904 Glutathione S-transferase P GSTP1 0.0058
887 DNA gyrase subunit B gyrB 0.0057
4150 DNA gyrase subunit B gyrB 0.0057
6225 DNA gyrase subunit B gyrB 0.0057
788 Creatine kinase M-type CKM 0.0057
1759 85 kDa calcium-independent phospholipase A2 PLA2G6 0.0055
6085 Fatty acid-binding protein, intestinal FABP2 0.0055
1770 Phospholipase C PLCL1 0.0055
2841 Phospholipase C plc 0.0055
1558 Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1 TRPV1 0.0055
5353 Glutamate decarboxylase alpha gadA 0.0054
6018 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-9 UGT1A9 0.0053
6031 Cytochrome P450 3A43 CYP3A43 0.0053
291 Nitric-oxide synthase, endothelial NOS3 0.0052
860 Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase NNMT 0.0051
583 Nicotinate-nucleotide pyrophosphorylase [carboxylating] QPRT 0.0051
2442 Nicotinate-nucleotide pyrophosphorylase [carboxylating] nadC 0.0051
2459 Nicotinate-nucleotide pyrophosphorylase [carboxylating] nadC 0.0051
699 Nicotinic acid receptor 1 GPR109A 0.0051
928 Nicotinic acid receptor 2 GPR109B 0.0051
4218 Ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase M2 subunit RRM2 0.005
889 3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] synthase 1 fabB 0.005
6860 3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] synthase 1 kasA 0.005
1141 Sialidase-1 NEU1 0.0049
64 Neuraminidase NA 0.0049
641 Neuraminidase NA 0.0049
2676 Neuraminidase NA 0.0049
3026 Neuraminidase NA 0.0049
3519 Neuraminidase NA 0.0049
6007 Neuraminidase NA 0.0049
731 HIV-1 protease HIV-1 protease 0.0047
1405 Thiopurine S-methyltransferase TPMT 0.0047
29 Tubulin beta-1 chain TUBB1 0.0046
603 DNA polymerase alpha catalytic subunit POLA1 0.0043
6023 Cytochrome P450 11B2, mitochondrial CYP11B2 0.0043
4217 Telomerase reverse transcriptase TERT 0.0043
3755 Nucleoside-specific channel-forming protein tsx precursor tsx 0.0043
2539 Tubulin alpha-1 chain TUBA4A 0.0042
885 5-hydroxytryptamine 1B receptor HTR1B 0.0041
360 Ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase large subunit RRM1 0.0041
6002 Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP4 subtype PTGER4 0.0041
3688 Branched-chain-amino-acid aminotransferase ilvE 0.0041
1284 Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 2 NR1I2 0.004
806 Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase alpha-1 chain ATP1A1 0.0039
1867 Major prion protein PRNP 0.0039
614 Progesterone receptor PGR 0.0039
5482 Sialidase-2 NEU2 0.0039
489 Monocarboxylate transporter 2 SLC16A7 0.0038
102 DNA topoisomerase I, mitochondrial TOP1MT 0.0038
4131 Prostaglandin E2 receptor, EP3 subtype PTGER3 0.0038
3685 Catabolite gene activator crp 0.0038
4655 Adenylate cyclase cyaC 0.0038
4759 Adenylate cyclase cyaB2 0.0038
6180 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B4 UGT2B4 0.0038
406 Prostaglandin E2 receptor, EP2 subtype PTGER2 0.0038
5878 Alpha-7 nicotinic cholinergic receptor subunit CHRFAM7A 0.0037
2461 D-alanyl-D-alanine carboxypeptidase Not Available 0.0037
5756 D-alanyl-D-alanine carboxypeptidase dac 0.0037
723 Cytosolic phospholipase A2 PLA2G4A 0.0036
130 Prostacyclin synthase PTGIS 0.0036
509 Thymidine kinase TK 0.0035
570 Thymidine kinase TK 0.0035
2559 Thymidine kinase TK 0.0035
3430 Thymidine kinase tdk 0.0035
3518 Thymidine kinase TK 0.0035
5301 Thymidine kinase tdk 0.0035
5771 Thymidine kinase ORF36 0.0035
7009 Thymidine kinase ORF36 0.0035
6209 30S ribosomal protein S19 rpsS 0.0034
6712 30S ribosomal protein S19 rpsS 0.0034
6726 30S ribosomal protein S19 rpsS 0.0034
6207 30S ribosomal protein S14 rpsN 0.0034
357 Carbonic anhydrase 2 CA2 0.0034
594 Thyroxine-binding globulin SERPINA7 0.0034
464 Glutamate [NMDA] receptor subunit epsilon-2 GRIN2B 0.0034
1864 RET proto-oncogene RET 0.0034
471 Sodium- and chloride-dependent neutral and basic amino acid transporter B(0+) SLC6A14 0.0033
2320 Thymidine kinase, cytosolic TK1 0.0033
198 Sodium channel protein type 10 subunit alpha SCN10A 0.0033
2184 Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator CFTR 0.0033
1950 Epithelial discoidin domain-containing receptor 1 DDR1 0.0033
6094 BCR/ABL fusion protein isoform X9 BCR/ABL fusion 0.0033
6170 ATP-binding cassette sub-family A member 3 ABCA3 0.0033
73 Prostaglandin E2 receptor, EP1 subtype PTGER1 0.0033
277 Purine nucleoside phosphorylase PNP 0.0033
2870 Purine nucleoside phosphorylase punA 0.0033
2945 Purine nucleoside phosphorylase punA 0.0033
4659 Purine nucleoside phosphorylase TM_1596 0.0033
4825 Purine nucleoside phosphorylase TTHA1435 0.0033
2249 Aspartate aminotransferase aspC 0.0033
2671 Aspartate aminotransferase aspC 0.0033
5490 Aspartate aminotransferase Not Available 0.0033
2251 Thymidylate kinase tmk 0.0033
2254 Thymidylate kinase DTYMK 0.0033
3522 Thymidylate kinase tmk 0.0033
4760 Mll3241 protein mll3241 0.0032
3587 Gastrotropin FABP6 0.0032
3478 Glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase rmlA 0.0032
4277 Glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase rmlA 0.0032
170 Succinate semialdehyde dehydrogenase, mitochondrial ALDH5A1 0.0032
837 Glutamate [NMDA] receptor subunit epsilon-1 GRIN2A 0.0032
500 Monocarboxylate transporter 4 SLC16A3 0.0032
2257 Uridine phosphorylase udp 0.0031
5132 Uridine phosphorylase udp 0.0031
758 Thyroid hormone receptor alpha THRA 0.0031
4114 Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-3 CACNB3 0.0031
4112 Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-4 CACNB4 0.0031
6212 Tubulin gamma-1 chain TUBG1 0.0031
6210 Tubulin delta chain TUBD1 0.0031
6211 Tubulin epsilon chain TUBE1 0.0031
392 Voltage-dependent P/Q-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1A CACNA1A 0.0031
1353 DNA topoisomerase 1 TOP1 0.003
3552 DNA topoisomerase 1 topA 0.003
5849 cAMP-dependent protein kinase type I-alpha regulatory subunit PRKAR1A 0.003
1039 Histone deacetylase 9 HDAC9 0.003
3426 Glutamine synthetase glnA 0.003
3987 Glutamine synthetase GLUL 0.003
6033 High affinity interleukin-8 receptor A CXCR1 0.0029
40 RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase RAF1 0.0029
1198 Serum paraoxonase/arylesterase 1 PON1 0.0029
6223 Penicillin-binding protein 1C pbpC 0.0029
952 Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 DPP4 0.0029
4113 Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1F CACNA1F 0.0029
15 Voltage-dependent T-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1I CACNA1I 0.0028
333 Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-1 CACNB1 0.0028
6025 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-4 UGT1A4 0.0028
436 5-hydroxytryptamine 2B receptor HTR2B 0.0028
346 Thyroid hormone receptor beta-1 THRB 0.0028
373 Transthyretin TTR 0.0028
781 ATP-sensitive inward rectifier potassium channel 11 KCNJ11 0.0027
1618 High affinity nerve growth factor receptor NTRK1 0.0027
867 Penicillin-binding protein 3 pbpC 0.0027
6119 Penicillin-binding protein 3 pbp3 0.0027
7154 Penicillin-binding protein 3 pbp3 0.0027
7157 Penicillin-binding protein 3 LMHCC_2184 0.0027
7162 Penicillin-binding protein 3 pbpB 0.0027
7172 Penicillin-binding protein 3 pbp3 0.0027
535 Voltage-dependent T-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1G CACNA1G 0.0027
725 5-hydroxytryptamine 1D receptor HTR1D 0.0027
1654 Interleukin-1 beta IL1B 0.0026
630 Short/branched chain specific acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, mitochondrial ACADSB 0.0026
182 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase E1 component, mitochondrial OGDH 0.0026
87 Hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase HPRT1 0.0026
950 Alpha platelet-derived growth factor receptor PDGFRA 0.0026
951 Macrophage colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor CSF1R 0.0026
215 Sodium channel protein type 11 subunit alpha SCN11A 0.0026
698 B-Raf proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase BRAF 0.0025
244 Angiotensin-converting enzyme ACE 0.0025
590 5-hydroxytryptamine 2C receptor HTR2C 0.0025
228 Beta platelet-derived growth factor receptor PDGFRB 0.0025
6176 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-3 UGT1A3 0.0024
663 Solute carrier family 12 member 4 SLC12A4 0.0024
53 Solute carrier family 12 member 5 SLC12A5 0.0024
4110 Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-2 CACNB2 0.0024
1629 Transcription factor AP-1 JUN 0.0024
275 Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase ALOX5 0.0024
4115 Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D CACNA1D 0.0024
4111 Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1S CACNA1S 0.0024
478 Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C CACNA1C 0.0024
310 Solute carrier family 12 member 2 SLC12A2 0.0023
504 Mast/stem cell growth factor receptor KIT 0.0023
2449 Tubulin alpha-3 chain TUBA1A 0.0022
494 Caspase-1 CASP1 0.0022
3014 Ribonuclease UK114 HRSP12 0.0022
3718 Hydrogen peroxide-inducible genes activator oxyR 0.0022
3617 Non-heme chloroperoxidase cpo 0.0022
5426 Non-heme chloroperoxidase cpo 0.0022
5428 Replication protein repA 0.0022
5427 Hydroxyquinol 1,2-dioxygenase chqB 0.0022
3018 HTH-type transcriptional regulator malT malT 0.0022
3830 Calreticulin CALR 0.0022
6181 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-8 UGT1A8 0.0021
6177 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-10 UGT1A10 0.0021
183 Vascular endothelial growth factor A VEGFA 0.0021
1995 Sodium channel protein type 9 subunit alpha SCN9A 0.0021
1507 Cytochrome c CYCS 0.0021
17 Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase ABL1 ABL1 0.002
844 Epidermal growth factor receptor EGFR 0.002
280 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase, mitochondrial ABAT 0.002
6034 Hydroxyindole O-methyltransferase ASMT 0.002
6035 Nuclear receptor ROR-beta RORB 0.002
6036 Eosinophil peroxidase EPX 0.002
3760 Penicillin-binding protein 5 precursor dacA 0.0019
139 Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C1 AKR1C1 0.0019
467 Delta-type opioid receptor OPRD1 0.0019
2958 Probable tautomerase ydcE pptA 0.0019
33 Cystine/glutamate transporter SLC7A11 0.0019
2573 Cocaine esterase cocE 0.0019
7263 Cocaine esterase Not Available 0.0019
696 Kappa-type opioid receptor OPRK1 0.0019
6091 Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit theta GABRQ 0.0019
2936 Oxygen-insensitive NAD(P)H nitroreductase nfnB 0.0019
5184 Oxygen-insensitive NAD(P)H nitroreductase nfnB 0.0019
3115 Ras-related protein Rab-9 RAB9A 0.0019
4192 DNA topoisomerase 2-beta TOP2B 0.0019
3603 Chlorocatechol 1,2-dioxygenase clcA 0.0018
2077 Caspase-3 CASP3 0.0018
6184 D-alanyl-D-alanine carboxypeptidase dacC dacC 0.0018
65 Matrix metalloproteinase-9 Not Available 0.0018
847 Mu-type opioid receptor OPRM1 0.0018
819 Penicillin-binding protein 4 dacB 0.0017
6086 Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2 GABRG2 0.0017
765 Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase IDO1 0.0017
6092 Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-2 GABRR2 0.0017
6090 Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi GABRP 0.0017
6088 Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-3 GABRG3 0.0017
6115 Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-3 GABRR3 0.0017
4100 Gamma-aminobutyric-acid receptor subunit beta-2 GABRB2 0.0017
6093 Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta GABRD 0.0017
6087 Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-1 GABRG1 0.0017
6089 Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon GABRE 0.0017
142 Gamma-aminobutyric-acid receptor subunit rho-1 GABRR1 0.0017
2981 Phospholipase A2, membrane associated PLA2G2A 0.0017
4098 Gamma-aminobutyric-acid receptor subunit beta-1 GABRB1 0.0016
4099 Gamma-aminobutyric-acid receptor subunit beta-3 GABRB3 0.0016
1119 Peroxiredoxin-5, mitochondrial PRDX5 0.0016
571 Melatonin receptor type 1A MTNR1A 0.0016
362 Melatonin receptor type 1B MTNR1B 0.0016
4120 NADPH--cytochrome P450 reductase POR 0.0016
2021 Thrombomodulin THBD 0.0016
6161 Probable low affinity copper uptake protein 2 SLC31A2 0.0016
841 Gamma-aminobutyric-acid receptor subunit alpha-6 GABRA6 0.0016
530 Gamma-aminobutyric-acid receptor subunit alpha-4 GABRA4 0.0015
523 Gamma-aminobutyric-acid receptor subunit alpha-5 GABRA5 0.0015
580 Gamma-aminobutyric-acid receptor subunit alpha-3 GABRA3 0.0015
423 Gamma-aminobutyric-acid receptor subunit alpha-2 GABRA2 0.0015
2693 Heat-labile enterotoxin B chain eltB 0.0014
199 Monocarboxylate transporter 8 SLC16A2 0.0014
4674 2-hydroxy-6-oxo-7-methylocta-2,4-dienoate hydrolase cumD 0.0014
6645 D-amino-acid oxidase DAO 0.0014
872 Gamma-aminobutyric-acid receptor subunit alpha-1 GABRA1 0.0014
238 Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma PPARG 0.0014
4010 Mitochondrial dicarboxylate carrier SLC25A10 0.0013
1410 Oxidoreductase HSD17B6 0.0013
4725 Oxidoreductase Not Available 0.0013
5124 Oxidoreductase Not Available 0.0013
4007 Succinate receptor 1 SUCNR1 0.0013
4008 Succinyl-CoA:3-ketoacid-coenzyme A transferase 2, mitochondrial OXCT2 0.0013
4002 Succinyl-CoA ligase [GDP-forming] subunit alpha, mitochondrial SUCLG1 0.0013
673 Solute carrier family 13 member 3 SLC13A3 0.0013
391 Succinyl-CoA ligase [GDP-forming] beta-chain, mitochondrial SUCLG2 0.0013
4009 Succinyl-CoA ligase [ADP-forming] beta-chain, mitochondrial SUCLA2 0.0013
498 Solute carrier family 13 member 2 SLC13A2 0.0013
25 Solute carrier family 13 member 1 SLC13A1 0.0013
243 Ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase [quinone] NQO2 0.0012
468 Cytochrome P450 4A11 CYP4A11 0.0012
4003 Succinyl-CoA:3-ketoacid-coenzyme A transferase 1, mitochondrial OXCT1 0.0012
6042 Prostaglandin reductase 2 PTGR2 0.0012
5818 Folate receptor alpha FOLR1 0.0012
631 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase HMGCR 0.0011
3387 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase mvaA 0.0011
4000 Prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit alpha-2 P4HA2 0.0011
585 Aspartyl/asparaginyl beta-hydroxylase ASPH 0.0011
2391 Ferrochelatase hemH 0.0011
6502 Ferrochelatase DKFZp686P18130 0.0011
1591 Ferrochelatase, mitochondrial FECH 0.0011
1792 Tissue-type plasminogen activator PLAT 0.0011
3940 Gamma-butyrobetaine dioxygenase BBOX1 0.0011
97 Procollagen-lysine,2-oxoglutarate 5-dioxygenase 1 PLOD1 0.0011
3938 Procollagen-lysine,2-oxoglutarate 5-dioxygenase 3 PLOD3 0.0011
3964 Trimethyllysine dioxygenase, mitochondrial TMLHE 0.0011
4006 Succinate dehydrogenase cytochrome b560 subunit, mitochondrial SDHC 0.0011
4001 Succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur subunit, mitochondrial SDHB 0.0011
6043 Putative G-protein coupled receptor 44 GPR44 0.0011
273 Apoptosis regulator Bcl-2 BCL2 0.0011
4162 Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 3 KCNQ3 0.001
293 Gamma-glutamyl hydrolase GGH 0.001
3949 Prolyl 3-hydroxylase 2 LEPREL1 0.001
3945 Prolyl 3-hydroxylase 1 LEPRE1 0.001
3951 Prolyl 3-hydroxylase 3 LEPREL2 0.001
3999 Succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] cytochrome b small subunit, mitochondrial SDHD 0.001
197 Succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein subunit, mitochondrial SDHA 0.001
6495 Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7C, mitochondrial COX7C 0.001
6494 Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7B, mitochondrial COX7B 0.001
6497 Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6A2, mitochondrial COX6A2 0.001
6496 Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 8A, mitochondrial COX8A 0.001
6493 Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6C COX6C 0.001
6499 Cytochrome c oxidase polypeptide 7A1, mitochondrial COX7A1 0.001
6498 Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6B1 COX6B1 0.001
6489 Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4 isoform 1, mitochondrial COX4I1 0.001
6491 Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5A, mitochondrial COX5A 0.001
5793 Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 2 MT-CO2 0.001
6559 Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 2 ctaC 0.001
6669 Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 2 ctaC 0.001
6490 Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 3 MT-CO3 0.001
1086 Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 2 KCNQ2 0.001
371 Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 MT-CO1 0.001
6558 Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 ctaD 0.001
67 Prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit alpha-1 P4HA1 0.001
3804 Sodium channel protein type 4 subunit alpha SCN4A 0.0009
1313 Lactoylglutathione lyase GLO1 0.0009
1650 Heme carrier protein 1 SLC46A1 0.0009
773 Folylpolyglutamate synthase, mitochondrial FPGS 0.0009
2540 Choloylglycine hydrolase cbh 0.0009
6501 Fatty acid-binding protein, liver FABP1 0.0008
2287 Bifunctional purine biosynthesis protein PURH [Includes: Phosphoribosylaminoimidazolecarboxamide formyltransferase ATIC 0.0008
3917 Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase MTHFR 0.0007
3809 Estrogen-related receptor gamma ESRRG 0.0007
6500 Phospholipase A2 PLA2G1B 0.0007
24 Thymidylate synthase TMP1 0.0007
359 Thymidylate synthase TYMS 0.0007
2626 Thymidylate synthase thyA 0.0007
2729 Thymidylate synthase thyA 0.0007
5352 Thymidylate synthase THYA 0.0007
365 Dihydrofolate reductase DHFR 0.0006
2381 Dihydrofolate reductase DFR1 0.0006
2833 Dihydrofolate reductase Not Available 0.0006
2931 Dihydrofolate reductase folA 0.0006
3544 Dihydrofolate reductase folA 0.0006
3682 Dihydrofolate reductase folA 0.0006
6642 Dihydrofolate reductase folA 0.0006
6756 Dihydrofolate reductase dfrA 0.0006
517 Alcohol dehydrogenase 1C ADH1C 0.0006
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