DT-Web

DB01592 - Iron


Identification
Name Iron
Accession Number DB01592
Type small molecule
Description A metallic element found in certain minerals, in nearly all soils, and in mineral waters. It is an essential constituent of hemoglobin, cytochrome, and other components of respiratory enzyme systems. Its chief functions are in the transport of oxygen to tissue (hemoglobin) and in cellular oxidation mechanisms. Depletion of iron stores may result in iron-deficiency anemia. Iron is used to build up the blood in anemia.
Structure
MOL SDF PDB SMILES InChI
Categories (*)
Molecular Weight 55.845
Groups approved
Monoisotopic Weight 55.934942133
Pharmacology
Indication Used in preventing and treating iron-deficiency anemia.
Mechanism of action Iron is necessary for the production of hemoglobin. Iron-deficiency can lead to decreased production of hemoglobin and a microcytic, hypochromic anemia.
Absorption The efficiency of absorption depends on the salt form, the amount administered, the dosing regimen and the size of iron stores. Subjects with normal iron stores absorb 10% to 35% of an iron dose. Those who are iron deficient may absorb up to 95% of an iron dose.
Protein binding Not Available
Biotransformation Not Available
Route of elimination Not Available
Toxicity Acute iron overdosage can be divided into four stages. In the first stage, which occurs up to six hours after ingestion, the principal symptoms are vomiting and diarrhea. Other symptoms include hypotension, tachycardia and CNS depression ranging from lethargy to coma. The second phase may occur at 6-24 hours after ingestion and is characterized by a temporary remission. In the third phase, gastrointestinal symptoms recur accompanied by shock, metabolic acidosis, coma, hepatic necrosis and jaundice, hypoglycemia, renal failure and pulmonary edema. The fourth phase may occur several weeks after ingestion and is characterized by gastrointestinal obstruction and liver damage. In a young child, 75 milligrams per kilogram is considered extremely dangerous. A dose of 30 milligrams per kilogram can lead to symptoms of toxicity. Estimates of a lethal dosage range from 180 milligrams per kilogram and upwards. A peak serum iron concentration of five micrograms or more per ml is associated with moderate to severe poisoning in many.
Affected organisms
  • Humans and other mammals
Interactions
Drug Interactions
Drug Mechanism of interaction
Ciprofloxacin Formation of non-absorbable complexes
Clodronate Formation of non-absorbable complexes
Deferiprone Deferiprone serum concentrations may be decreased by iron salts except for ferric gluconate, ferumoxytol, iron dextran complex, and iron sucrose.
Demeclocycline Formation of non-absorbable complexes
Doxycycline Formation of non-absorbable complexes
Etidronic acid Formation of non-absorbable complexes
Gatifloxacin Formation of non-absorbable complexes
Gemifloxacin Formation of non-absorbable complexes
Grepafloxacin Formation of non-absorbable complexes
Ibandronate Formation of non absorbable complexes
Levofloxacin Formation of non-absorbable complexes
Levothyroxine Iron decreases absorption of levothyroxine
Methyldopa Iron decreases the absorption of dopa derivatives
Minocycline Formation of non-absorbable complexes
Moxifloxacin Formation of non-absorbable complexes
Mycophenolate mofetil Oral iron decreases the absorption of mycophenolate-mofetil
Norfloxacin Formation of non-absorbable complexes
Ofloxacin Formation of non-absorbable complexes
Pancrelipase If pancrelipase and iron salts are used in combination then monitor therapy. Pancrelipase may decrease the absorption of iron salts except for ferumoxytol, iron dextran complex, and iron sucrose.
Penciclovir The multivalent agent decreases the effect of penicillamine
Tetracycline Formation of non-absorbable complexes
Trovafloxacin Iron may decrease the absorption of orally administered Trovafloxacin. Administer Trovafloxacin 2 hours before or 6 hours after a dose of the iron containing agent to minimize the interaction.
Food Interactions Not Available

Predictions


Id Partner name Gene Name Score
↑