DT-Web

DB00162 - Vitamin A


Identification
Name Vitamin A
Accession Number DB00162 (APRD00486, NUTR00007)
Type small molecule
Description Retinol and derivatives of retinol that play an essential role in metabolic functioning of the retina, the growth of and differentiation of epithelial tissue, the growth of bone, reproduction, and the immune response. Dietary vitamin A is derived from a variety of carotenoids found in plants. It is enriched in the liver, egg yolks, and the fat component of dairy products. [PubChem]
Structure
MOL SDF PDB SMILES InChI
Categories (*)
Molecular Weight 286.4516
Groups approved
Monoisotopic Weight 286.229665582
Pharmacology
Indication For the treatment of vitamin A deficiency.
Mechanism of action Vision:Vitamin A (all-trans retinol) is converted in the retina to the 11-cis-isomer of retinaldehyde or 11-cis-retinal. 11-cis-retinal functions in the retina in the transduction of light into the neural signals necessary for vision. 11-cis-retinal, while attached to opsin in rhodopsin is isomerized to all-trans-retinal by light. This is the event that triggers the nerve impulse to the brain which allows for the perception of light. All-trans-retinal is then released from opsin and reduced to all-trans-retinol. All-trans-retinol is isomerized to 11-cis-retinol in the dark, and then oxidized to 11-cis-retinal. 11-cis-retinal recombines with opsin to re-form rhodopsin. Night blindness or defective vision at low illumination results from a failure to re-synthesize 11-cis retinal rapidly.
Epithelial differentiation: The role of Vitamin A in epithelial differentiation, as well as in other physiological processes, involves the binding of Vitamin A to two families of nuclear retinoid receptors (retinoic acid receptors, RARs; and retinoid-X receptors, RXRs). These receptors function as ligand-activated transcription factors that modulate gene transcription. When there is not enough Vitamin A to bind these receptors, natural cell differentiation and growth are interrupted.
Absorption Readily absorbed from the normal gastrointestinal tract
Protein binding <5% of circulating vitamin A is bound to lipoproteins in blood in normal condition, but may be up to 65% when hepatic stores are saturated because of excessive intake. When released from liver, vitamin A is bound to retinol-binding protein (RBP). Most vitamin A circulates in the form of retinol bound to RBP.
Biotransformation Hepatic. Retinol is conjugated with glucuronic acid; the B-glucuronide undergoes enterohepatic circulation and oxidation to retinol and retinoic acid. Retinoic acid undergoes decarboxylation and conjugation with glucuronic acid.
Route of elimination Not Available
Toxicity Acute toxicity (single ingestion of 7 500 RE or 25 000 IU per kg or more): Signs and symptoms may be delayed for 8 to 24 hours and include: increased intracranial pressure, headache, irritability, drowsiness, dizziness, lethargy, vomiting, diarrhea, bulging of fontanels in infants, diplopia, papilledema. Peeling of skin around mouth may be observed from 1 to several days after ingestion and may spread to the rest of the body. Chronic, excessive ingestion (1 200 RE or 4 000 IU/kg daily for 6 to 15 months) may produce symptoms of pseudotumor cerebri, anorexia, weakness, arthralgias, bone pain, bone demineralization, dry skin, cracked lips, brittle nails, hair loss, splenomegaly, hepatomegaly, hypoplastic anemia, leukopenia, optic neuropathy, and blindness. Increased plasma concentrations of vitamin A occur but do not necessarily correlate with toxicity.
Affected organisms
  • Humans and other mammals
Interactions
Drug Interactions
Drug Mechanism of interaction
Acitretin Acitretin increases the risk of vitamin A toxicity. Avoid vitamin A supplementation while taking acitretin.
Bexarotene Bexarotene increases the risk of vitamin A toxicity. Avoid vitamin A supplementation while taking bexarotene.
Isotretinoin Isotretinoin increases the risk of vitamin A toxicity. Avoid vitamin A supplementation while taking isotretinoin.
Orlistat Orlistat may impair the absorption of vitamin A, a fat soluble vitamin. Oral vitamin A should be administered 2 hours prior to or post orlistat administration.
Tretinoin Tretinoin increases the risk of vitamin A toxicity. Avoid vitamin A supplementation while taking systemic tretinoin.
Food Interactions Not Available

Targets


Retinol dehydrogenase 12
Name Retinol dehydrogenase 12
Gene Name RDH12
Pharmacological action unknown
Actions Not Available
References
  • Maeda A, Maeda T, Imanishi Y, Sun W, Jastrzebska B, Hatala DA, Winkens HJ, Hofmann KP, Janssen JJ, Baehr W, Driessen CA, Palczewski K: Retinol dehydrogenase (RDH12) protects photoreceptors from light-induced degeneration in mice. J Biol Chem. 2006 Dec 8;281(49):37697-704. Epub 2006 Oct 10. - Pubmed
  • Thompson DA, Janecke AR, Lange J, Feathers KL, Hubner CA, McHenry CL, Stockton DW, Rammesmayer G, Lupski JR, Antinolo G, Ayuso C, Baiget M, Gouras P, Heckenlively JR, den Hollander A, Jacobson SG, Lewis RA, Sieving PA, Wissinger B, Yzer S, Zrenner E, Utermann G, Gal A: Retinal degeneration associated with RDH12 mutations results from decreased 11-cis retinal synthesis due to disruption of the visual cycle. Hum Mol Genet. 2005 Dec 15;14(24):3865-75. Epub 2005 Nov 3. - Pubmed
  • Keller B, Adamski J: RDH12, a retinol dehydrogenase causing Leber's congenital amaurosis, is also involved in steroid metabolism. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2007 May;104(3-5):190-4. Epub 2007 Mar 23. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 1.2912
Short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase 3
Name Short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase 3
Gene Name DHRS3
Pharmacological action unknown
Actions Not Available
References
  • Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. - Pubmed
  • Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. - Pubmed
  • Haeseleer F, Huang J, Lebioda L, Saari JC, Palczewski K: Molecular characterization of a novel short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase that reduces all-trans-retinal. J Biol Chem. 1998 Aug 21;273(34):21790-9. - Pubmed
  • Cerignoli F, Guo X, Cardinali B, Rinaldi C, Casaletto J, Frati L, Screpanti I, Gudas LJ, Gulino A, Thiele CJ, Giannini G: retSDR1, a short-chain retinol dehydrogenase/reductase, is retinoic acid-inducible and frequently deleted in human neuroblastoma cell lines. Cancer Res. 2002 Feb 15;62(4):1196-204. - Pubmed
  • Chai Z, Brereton P, Suzuki T, Sasano H, Obeyesekere V, Escher G, Saffery R, Fuller P, Enriquez C, Krozowski Z: 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type XI localizes to human steroidogenic cells. Endocrinology. 2003 May;144(5):2084-91. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 1.2857
Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A3
Name Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A3
Gene Name ALDH1A3
Pharmacological action unknown
Actions Not Available
References
  • Nakazawa N, Montedonico S, Takayasu H, Paradisi F, Puri P: Disturbance of retinol transportation causes nitrofen-induced hypoplastic lung. J Pediatr Surg. 2007 Feb;42(2):345-9. - Pubmed
  • Everts HB, Sundberg JP, Ong DE: Immunolocalization of retinoic acid biosynthesis systems in selected sites in rat. Exp Cell Res. 2005 Aug 15;308(2):309-19. - Pubmed
  • Halilagic A, Ribes V, Ghyselinck NB, Zile MH, Dolle P, Studer M: Retinoids control anterior and dorsal properties in the developing forebrain. Dev Biol. 2007 Mar 1;303(1):362-75. Epub 2006 Nov 17. - Pubmed
  • Maden M, Blentic A, Reijntjes S, Seguin S, Gale E, Graham A: Retinoic acid is required for specification of the ventral eye field and for Rathke's pouch in the avian embryo. Int J Dev Biol. 2007;51(3):191-200. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 0.9326
All-trans-retinol 13,14-reductase
Name All-trans-retinol 13,14-reductase
Gene Name RETSAT
Pharmacological action unknown
Actions Not Available
References
  • Moise AR, Isken A, Dominguez M, de Lera AR, von Lintig J, Palczewski K: Specificity of zebrafish retinol saturase: formation of all-trans-13,14-dihydroretinol and all-trans-7,8- dihydroretinol. Biochemistry. 2007 Feb 20;46(7):1811-20. Epub 2007 Jan 25. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 1.2846
Retinol dehydrogenase 11
Name Retinol dehydrogenase 11
Gene Name RDH11
Pharmacological action unknown
Actions Not Available
References
  • Gallego O, Belyaeva OV, Porte S, Ruiz FX, Stetsenko AV, Shabrova EV, Kostereva NV, Farres J, Pares X, Kedishvili NY: Comparative functional analysis of human medium-chain dehydrogenases, short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases and aldo-keto reductases with retinoids. Biochem J. 2006 Oct 1;399(1):101-9. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 1.2921
Dehydrogenase/reductase SDR family member 4
Name Dehydrogenase/reductase SDR family member 4
Gene Name DHRS4
Pharmacological action unknown
Actions Not Available
References
  • Du K, Liu GF, Xie JP, Song XH, Li R, Liang B, Huang DY: A 27.368 kDa retinal reductase in New Zealand white rabbit liver cytosol encoded by the peroxisomal retinol dehydrogenase-reductase cDNA: purification and characterization of the enzyme. Biochem Cell Biol. 2007 Apr;85(2):209-17. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 1.2856
Retinol dehydrogenase 14
Name Retinol dehydrogenase 14
Gene Name RDH14
Pharmacological action unknown
Actions Not Available
References
  • Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. - Pubmed
  • Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 1.2879
Photoreceptor outer segment all-trans retinol dehydrogenase
Name Photoreceptor outer segment all-trans retinol dehydrogenase
Gene Name RDH8
Pharmacological action unknown
Actions Not Available
References
  • Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. - Pubmed
  • Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. - Pubmed
  • Han W, Shen Y, Wang J, Yip S, Yap MK: [Establishing the linkage disequilibrium pattern for the all-trans-retinol dehydrogenase (RDH8) gene] Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi. 2006 Jul;42(7):642-8. - Pubmed
  • Han W, Yip SP, Wang J, Yap MK: Using denaturing HPLC for SNP discovery and genotyping, and establishing the linkage disequilibrium pattern for the all-trans-retinol dehydrogenase (RDH8) gene. J Hum Genet. 2004;49(1):16-23. Epub 2003 Dec 6. - Pubmed
  • Fishman GA, Roberts MF, Derlacki DJ, Grimsby JL, Yamamoto H, Sharon D, Nishiguchi KM, Dryja TP: Novel mutations in the cellular retinaldehyde-binding protein gene (RLBP1) associated with retinitis punctata albescens: evidence of interfamilial genetic heterogeneity and fundus changes in heterozygotes. Arch Ophthalmol. 2004 Jan;122(1):70-5. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 1.2856
Lecithin retinol acyltransferase
Name Lecithin retinol acyltransferase
Gene Name LRAT
Pharmacological action unknown
Actions Not Available
References
  • Kaschula CH, Jin MH, Desmond-Smith NS, Travis GH: Acyl CoA:retinol acyltransferase (ARAT) activity is present in bovine retinal pigment epithelium. Exp Eye Res. 2006 Jan;82(1):111-21. Epub 2005 Jul 27. - Pubmed
  • Liu L, Gudas LJ: Disruption of the lecithin:retinol acyltransferase gene makes mice more susceptible to vitamin A deficiency. J Biol Chem. 2005 Dec 2;280(48):40226-34. Epub 2005 Sep 20. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 1.286
Retinol-binding protein I, cellular
Name Retinol-binding protein I, cellular
Gene Name RBP1
Pharmacological action unknown
Actions Not Available
References
  • Yapi HF, Ahiboh H, Ago K, Ake M, Monnet D: [Protein profile and vitamin A in children of school age in Ivory Coast] Ann Biol Clin (Paris). 2005 May-Jun;63(3):291-5. - Pubmed
  • Quadro L, Hamberger L, Gottesman ME, Wang F, Colantuoni V, Blaner WS, Mendelsohn CL: Pathways of vitamin A delivery to the embryo: insights from a new tunable model of embryonic vitamin A deficiency. Endocrinology. 2005 Oct;146(10):4479-90. Epub 2005 Jun 30. - Pubmed
  • Harrison EH: Mechanisms of digestion and absorption of dietary vitamin A. Annu Rev Nutr. 2005;25:87-103. - Pubmed
  • Paci E, Greene LH, Jones RM, Smith LJ: Characterization of the molten globule state of retinol-binding protein using a molecular dynamics simulation approach. FEBS J. 2005 Sep;272(18):4826-38. - Pubmed
  • Folli C, Viglione S, Busconi M, Berni R: Biochemical basis for retinol deficiency induced by the I41N and G75D mutations in human plasma retinol-binding protein. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2005 Nov 4;336(4):1017-22. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 1.1024
11-cis retinol dehydrogenase
Name 11-cis retinol dehydrogenase
Gene Name RDH5
Pharmacological action unknown
Actions Not Available
References
  • Zhang M, Hu P, Krois CR, Kane MA, Napoli JL: Altered vitamin A homeostasis and increased size and adiposity in the rdh1-null mouse. FASEB J. 2007 Sep;21(11):2886-96. Epub 2007 Apr 13. - Pubmed
  • Maeda A, Maeda T, Imanishi Y, Golczak M, Moise AR, Palczewski K: Aberrant metabolites in mouse models of congenital blinding diseases: formation and storage of retinyl esters. Biochemistry. 2006 Apr 4;45(13):4210-9. - Pubmed
  • Dalfo D, Marques N, Albalat R: Analysis of the NADH-dependent retinaldehyde reductase activity of amphioxus retinol dehydrogenase enzymes enhances our understanding of the evolution of the retinol dehydrogenase family. FEBS J. 2007 Jul;274(14):3739-52. Epub 2007 Jul 2. - Pubmed
  • Gidlof AC, Ocaya P, Olofsson PS, Torma H, Sirsjo A: Differences in retinol metabolism and proliferative response between neointimal and medial smooth muscle cells. J Vasc Res. 2006;43(4):392-8. Epub 2006 Jul 6. - Pubmed
  • Belyaeva OV, Kedishvili NY: Comparative genomic and phylogenetic analysis of short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases with dual retinol/sterol substrate specificity. Genomics. 2006 Dec;88(6):820-30. Epub 2006 Jul 24. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 0.9308
Retinol dehydrogenase 13
Name Retinol dehydrogenase 13
Gene Name RDH13
Pharmacological action unknown
Actions Not Available
References
  • Keller B, Adamski J: RDH12, a retinol dehydrogenase causing Leber's congenital amaurosis, is also involved in steroid metabolism. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2007 May;104(3-5):190-4. Epub 2007 Mar 23. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 1.2878
Interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein
Name Interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein
Gene Name RBP3
Pharmacological action unknown
Actions Not Available
References
  • Qtaishat NM, Wiggert B, Pepperberg DR: Interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein (IRBP) promotes the release of all-trans retinol from the isolated retina following rhodopsin bleaching illumination. Exp Eye Res. 2005 Oct;81(4):455-63. Epub 2005 Jun 2. - Pubmed
  • Wu Q, Blakeley LR, Cornwall MC, Crouch RK, Wiggert BN, Koutalos Y: Interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein is the physiologically relevant carrier that removes retinol from rod photoreceptor outer segments. Biochemistry. 2007 Jul 24;46(29):8669-79. Epub 2007 Jun 30. - Pubmed
  • Kolesnikov AV, Ala-Laurila P, Shukolyukov SA, Crouch RK, Wiggert B, Estevez ME, Govardovskii VI, Cornwall MC: Visual cycle and its metabolic support in gecko photoreceptors. Vision Res. 2007 Feb;47(3):363-74. Epub 2006 Oct 16. - Pubmed
  • Duncan T, Fariss RN, Wiggert B: Confocal immunolocalization of bovine serum albumin, serum retinol-binding protein, and interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein in bovine retina. Mol Vis. 2006 Dec 22;12:1632-9. - Pubmed
  • Salvador-Silva M, Ghosh S, Bertazolli-Filho R, Boatright JH, Nickerson JM, Garwin GG, Saari JC, Coca-Prados M: Retinoid processing proteins in the ocular ciliary epithelium. Mol Vis. 2005 May 18;11:356-65. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 1.2841
Retinal dehydrogenase 2
Name Retinal dehydrogenase 2
Gene Name ALDH1A2
Pharmacological action unknown
Actions Not Available
References
  • Isken A, Holzschuh J, Lampert JM, Fischer L, Oberhauser V, Palczewski K, von Lintig J: Sequestration of retinyl esters is essential for retinoid signaling in the zebrafish embryo. J Biol Chem. 2007 Jan 12;282(2):1144-51. Epub 2006 Nov 10. - Pubmed
  • Halilagic A, Ribes V, Ghyselinck NB, Zile MH, Dolle P, Studer M: Retinoids control anterior and dorsal properties in the developing forebrain. Dev Biol. 2007 Mar 1;303(1):362-75. Epub 2006 Nov 17. - Pubmed
  • Asson-Batres MA, Smith WB: Localization of retinaldehyde dehydrogenases and retinoid binding proteins to sustentacular cells, glia, Bowman's gland cells, and stroma: potential sites of retinoic acid synthesis in the postnatal rat olfactory organ. J Comp Neurol. 2006 May 10;496(2):149-71. - Pubmed
  • Szatmari I, Pap A, Ruhl R, Ma JX, Illarionov PA, Besra GS, Rajnavolgyi E, Dezso B, Nagy L: PPARgamma controls CD1d expression by turning on retinoic acid synthesis in developing human dendritic cells. J Exp Med. 2006 Oct 2;203(10):2351-62. Epub 2006 Sep 18. - Pubmed
  • Nakazawa N, Montedonico S, Takayasu H, Paradisi F, Puri P: Disturbance of retinol transportation causes nitrofen-induced hypoplastic lung. J Pediatr Surg. 2007 Feb;42(2):345-9. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 0.9319
Retinal dehydrogenase 1
Name Retinal dehydrogenase 1
Gene Name ALDH1A1
Pharmacological action unknown
Actions Not Available
References
  • Asson-Batres MA, Smith WB: Localization of retinaldehyde dehydrogenases and retinoid binding proteins to sustentacular cells, glia, Bowman's gland cells, and stroma: potential sites of retinoic acid synthesis in the postnatal rat olfactory organ. J Comp Neurol. 2006 May 10;496(2):149-71. - Pubmed
  • Chambers D, Wilson L, Maden M, Lumsden A: RALDH-independent generation of retinoic acid during vertebrate embryogenesis by CYP1B1. Development. 2007 Apr;134(7):1369-83. Epub 2007 Feb 28. - Pubmed
  • Gyamfi MA, Kocsis MG, He L, Dai G, Mendy AJ, Wan YJ: The role of retinoid X receptor alpha in regulating alcohol metabolism. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2006 Oct;319(1):360-8. Epub 2006 Jul 7. - Pubmed
  • Maden M, Blentic A, Reijntjes S, Seguin S, Gale E, Graham A: Retinoic acid is required for specification of the ventral eye field and for Rathke's pouch in the avian embryo. Int J Dev Biol. 2007;51(3):191-200. - Pubmed
  • Huq MD, Tsai NP, Gupta P, Wei LN: Regulation of retinal dehydrogenases and retinoic acid synthesis by cholesterol metabolites. EMBO J. 2006 Jul 12;25(13):3203-13. Epub 2006 Jun 8. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 0.8524
Cellular retinaldehyde-binding protein
Name Cellular retinaldehyde-binding protein
Gene Name RLBP1
Pharmacological action unknown
Actions Not Available
References
  • Muniz A, Villazana-Espinoza ET, Thackeray B, Tsin AT: 11-cis-Acyl-CoA:retinol O-acyltransferase activity in the primary culture of chicken Muller cells. Biochemistry. 2006 Oct 10;45(40):12265-73. - Pubmed
  • Wenzel A, von Lintig J, Oberhauser V, Tanimoto N, Grimm C, Seeliger MW: RPE65 is essential for the function of cone photoreceptors in NRL-deficient mice. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2007 Feb;48(2):534-42. - Pubmed
  • Vogel JS, Bullen EC, Teygong CL, Howard EW: Identification of the RLBP1 gene promoter. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2007 Aug;48(8):3872-7. - Pubmed
  • Salvador-Silva M, Ghosh S, Bertazolli-Filho R, Boatright JH, Nickerson JM, Garwin GG, Saari JC, Coca-Prados M: Retinoid processing proteins in the ocular ciliary epithelium. Mol Vis. 2005 May 18;11:356-65. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 1.2853

Enzymes


Cytochrome P450 1A1
Name Cytochrome P450 1A1
Gene Name CYP1A1
Actions inhibitor,inducer
References
  • Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S, Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. Epub 2009 Nov 24. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 0.5059
Cytochrome P450 26A1
Name Cytochrome P450 26A1
Gene Name CYP26A1
Actions inducer
References
  • Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S, Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. Epub 2009 Nov 24. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 0.9159

Carriers


Predictions


Id Partner name Gene Name Score
780 Retinoic acid receptor RXR-gamma RXRG 0.151
88 Retinoic acid receptor RXR-beta RXRB 0.1256
162 Retinoic acid receptor gamma-1 RARG 0.1202
730 Retinoic acid receptor alpha RARA 0.1159
229 Retinoic acid receptor beta RARB 0.1128
459 Retinoic acid receptor RXR-alpha RXRA 0.0976
4200 Cytochrome P450 1A2 CYP1A2 0.0758
564 Cellular retinoic acid-binding protein 1 CRABP1 0.0671
4512 Cytochrome P450 3A4 CYP3A4 0.0613
587 Serum albumin ALB 0.0472
4757 Cytochrome P450 2C9 CYP2C9 0.0456
5718 Cytochrome P450 2A6 CYP2A6 0.0456
719 Retinoic acid receptor responder protein 1 RARRES1 0.0454
770 Retinoic acid-induced protein 3 GPRC5A 0.0454
4118 Cytochrome P450 3A5 CYP3A5 0.0453
4924 Cytochrome P450 2C8 CYP2C8 0.0437
4119 Cytochrome P450 2D6 CYP2D6 0.0433
468 Cytochrome P450 4A11 CYP4A11 0.0422
6030 Cytochrome P450 2B6 CYP2B6 0.0401
84 Nuclear receptor 0B1 NR0B1 0.0375
1588 Multidrug resistance protein 1 ABCB1 0.0369
6107 Cytochrome P450 3A7 CYP3A7 0.0348
1898 Cytochrome P450 1B1 CYP1B1 0.0334
6016 Cytochrome P450 2C19 CYP2C19 0.0317
859 Cellular retinoic acid-binding protein 2 CRABP2 0.0314
6013 Cytochrome P450 2E1 CYP2E1 0.0298
6106 Cytochrome P450 2C18 CYP2C18 0.0251
3811 Cytochrome P450 19A1 CYP19A1 0.0239
792 Aldehyde dehydrogenase, dimeric NADP-preferring ALDH3A1 0.0214
316 4-trimethylaminobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase ALDH9A1 0.0214
579 Alcohol dehydrogenase class 4 mu/sigma chain ADH7 0.0214
816 Biliverdin reductase A BLVRA 0.0214
350 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase type-2 HSD17B10 0.0187
646 Malate dehydrogenase, cytoplasmic MDH1 0.0186
178 NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase 3 CYB5R3 0.0185
812 Dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase, mitochondrial DLD 0.0185
454 Peroxisomal multifunctional enzyme type 2 HSD17B4 0.0184
631 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase HMGCR 0.0183
3387 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase mvaA 0.0183
396 Alcohol dehydrogenase 4 ADH4 0.0182
328 Sorbitol dehydrogenase SORD 0.018
597 Dihydropteridine reductase QDPR 0.018
363 NADP-dependent malic enzyme, mitochondrial ME3 0.018
830 Glutamate dehydrogenase 2, mitochondrial GLUD2 0.0179
3191 Histidinol dehydrogenase hisD 0.0176
6017 Cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme, mitochondrial CYP11A1 0.0169
1010 Cytochrome P450 51A1 CYP51A1 0.0169
419 Hydroxyacyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase, mitochondrial HADH 0.0168
776 Bile salt export pump ABCB11 0.0166
531 Aldehyde dehydrogenase X, mitochondrial ALDH1B1 0.0164
77 L-lactate dehydrogenase B chain LDHB 0.0163
12 Alcohol dehydrogenase class 3 ADH5 0.0162
5669 50S ribosomal protein L27 rpmA 0.0161
5670 Organic hydroperoxide resistance protein ohr 0.0161
5672 Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis protein A moaA 0.0161
5675 Chaperone protein torD torD 0.0161
5410 Unsaturated glucuronyl hydrolase ugl 0.0161
5673 C protein alpha-antigen bca 0.0161
5676 Axin-1 AXIN1 0.0161
247 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 1 NDUFA1 0.0161
343 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 subunit C1, mitochondrial NDUFC1 0.0161
755 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 3 NDUFA3 0.0161
582 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 13 NDUFA13 0.0161
300 NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase chain 4L MT-ND4L 0.0161
216 Aldehyde dehydrogenase 3B2 ALDH3B2 0.0161
190 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 4 NDUFA4 0.0161
374 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 1 NDUFB1 0.0161
99 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 5 NDUFS5 0.016
607 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 2 NDUFA2 0.016
598 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 11 NDUFA11 0.016
496 Aldehyde dehydrogenase 3B1 ALDH3B1 0.016
30 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein 3, mitochondrial NDUFV3 0.016
313 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 3 NDUFB3 0.016
353 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 4-like 2 NDUFA4L2 0.016
446 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 7 NDUFA7 0.016
525 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 5 NDUFA5 0.016
662 Fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase ALDH3A2 0.016
324 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 4 NDUFB4 0.016
236 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 6 NDUFA6 0.016
417 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 6 NDUFB6 0.016
829 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 12 NDUFA12 0.016
219 NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase chain 3 MT-ND3 0.016
104 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 6, mitochondrial NDUFS6 0.016
145 Corticosteroid 11-beta-dehydrogenase isozyme 2 HSD11B2 0.016
475 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 2, mitochondrial NDUFB2 0.016
405 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 8 NDUFA8 0.016
196 D-beta-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial BDH1 0.016
272 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 10 NDUFB10 0.016
609 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase [NAD+] HPGD 0.016
258 Methylmalonate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase [acylating], mitochondrial ALDH6A1 0.016
555 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 4, mitochondrial NDUFS4 0.016
656 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 9 NDUFB9 0.016
602 Acyl carrier protein, mitochondrial NDUFAB1 0.016
271 Delta-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial ALDH4A1 0.016
568 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 7 NDUFB7 0.016
384 NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase chain 6 MT-ND6 0.016
270 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 5, mitochondrial NDUFB5 0.016
41 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 8, mitochondrial NDUFS8 0.016
372 Estradiol 17-beta-dehydrogenase 3 HSD17B3 0.016
149 Alpha-aminoadipic semialdehyde dehydrogenase ALDH7A1 0.016
746 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 8, mitochondrial NDUFB8 0.016
107 C-4 methylsterol oxidase SC4MOL 0.016
152 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein 2, mitochondrial NDUFV2 0.016
487 Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C4 AKR1C4 0.016
91 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 10, mitochondrial NDUFA10 0.016
180 D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase PHGDH 0.016
3726 D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase serA 0.016
4291 D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase serA 0.016
616 Isocitrate dehydrogenase [NAD] subunit beta, mitochondrial IDH3B 0.016
628 Pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component alpha subunit, somatic form, mitochondrial PDHA1 0.016
729 GDP-L-fucose synthetase TSTA3 0.016
3463 GDP-L-fucose synthetase fcl 0.016
167 L-lactate dehydrogenase C chain LDHC 0.016
335 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 9, mitochondrial NDUFA9 0.016
50 Sterol-4-alpha-carboxylate 3-dehydrogenase, decarboxylating NSDHL 0.016
644 Heme oxygenase 2 HMOX2 0.016
4982 Heme oxygenase 2 pbsA2 0.016
141 3-hydroxyisobutyrate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial HIBADH 0.016
326 L-lactate dehydrogenase A-like 6A LDHAL6A 0.016
14 Isocitrate dehydrogenase [NAD] subunit alpha, mitochondrial IDH3A 0.016
721 NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase chain 2 MT-ND2 0.016
671 Pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component alpha subunit, testis-specific form, mitochondrial PDHA2 0.016
848 Isocitrate dehydrogenase [NAD] subunit gamma, mitochondrial IDH3G 0.016
608 NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase chain 4 MT-ND4 0.016
206 3-keto-steroid reductase HSD17B7 0.016
9 Estradiol 17-beta-dehydrogenase 2 HSD17B2 0.016
112 L-lactate dehydrogenase A-like 6B LDHAL6B 0.016
231 Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase [NAD+], cytoplasmic GPD1 0.016
539 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein 1, mitochondrial NDUFV1 0.016
34 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase DHCR7 0.016
637 NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase chain 5 MT-ND5 0.016
711 UDP-glucose 6-dehydrogenase UGDH 0.016
3672 UDP-glucose 6-dehydrogenase hasB 0.016
643 Peroxisomal bifunctional enzyme EHHADH 0.016
548 NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase 75 kDa subunit, mitochondrial NDUFS1 0.016
288 Trifunctional enzyme subunit alpha, mitochondrial HADHA 0.016
393 GDH/6PGL endoplasmic bifunctional protein [Includes: Glucose 1-dehydrogenase H6PD 0.016
599 Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase GAPDH 0.0158
4426 Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase gap 0.0158
4454 Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase gap 0.0158
4489 Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase gap 0.0158
251 Alcohol dehydrogenase 1A ADH1A 0.0156
473 L-lactate dehydrogenase A chain LDHA 0.0154
201 Glutamate dehydrogenase 1, mitochondrial GLUD1 0.0154
6861 Alcohol dehydrogenase [NADP+] AKR1A1 0.0153
794 Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, testis-specific GAPDHS 0.0153
147 Aldehyde dehydrogenase, mitochondrial ALDH2 0.015
1732 ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 2 ABCG2 0.0147
243 Ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase [quinone] NQO2 0.0146
2636 Shikimate dehydrogenase aroE 0.0145
3515 Shikimate dehydrogenase aroE 0.0145
3317 Holo-[acyl-carrier-protein] synthase acpS 0.0144
4381 Holo-[acyl-carrier-protein] synthase acpS 0.0144
3125 Protease synthase and sporulation negative regulatory protein PAI 1 paiA 0.0144
6579 Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II alpha chain CAMK2A 0.0144
166 NAD-dependent malic enzyme, mitochondrial ME2 0.0142
5599 3-carboxy-cis,cis-muconate cycloisomerase pcaB 0.0141
194 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 subunit C2 NDUFC2 0.0139
444 Alcohol dehydrogenase 1B ADH1B 0.0137
796 Inosine-5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase 2 IMPDH2 0.0136
6139 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A2 SLCO1A2 0.0135
635 Estradiol 17-beta-dehydrogenase 8 HSD17B8 0.0134
666 NADP-dependent malic enzyme ME1 0.0134
191 Peptide methionine sulfoxide reductase MSRA 0.0134
4084 Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase B PPIB 0.0134
909 Maleylacetoacetate isomerase GSTZ1 0.0134
217 Estradiol 17-beta-dehydrogenase 1 HSD17B1 0.0131
4811 Amylosucrase ams 0.0131
6026 Alcohol dehydrogenase 6 ADH6 0.0129
2280 Listeriolysin regulatory protein prfA 0.0129
337 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 7, mitochondrial NDUFS7 0.0126
214 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 3, mitochondrial NDUFS3 0.0126
803 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 2, mitochondrial NDUFS2 0.0126
296 Bifunctional methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase/cyclohydrolase, mitochondrial MTHFD2 0.0126
802 Pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase 2 PYCR2 0.0126
248 Pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase 1 PYCR1 0.0126
857 Malate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial MDH2 0.0126
626 Cysteine dioxygenase type 1 CDO1 0.0125
110 Pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component subunit beta, mitochondrial PDHB 0.0125
182 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase E1 component, mitochondrial OGDH 0.0125
805 Cytochrome P450 11B1, mitochondrial CYP11B1 0.0123
11 NAD(P) transhydrogenase, mitochondrial NNT 0.0122
260 Cytochrome P450 51 ERG11 0.0121
761 Cytochrome P450 51 ERG11 0.0121
3163 Cytochrome P450 51 cyp51 0.0121
839 Short-chain specific acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, mitochondrial ACADS 0.012
66 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/Delta 5-->4-isomerase type II HSD3B2 0.0119
517 Alcohol dehydrogenase 1C ADH1C 0.0116
48 Pyridoxal kinase PDXK 0.0116
714 Glutathione reductase, mitochondrial GSR 0.0116
57 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/Delta 5-->4-isomerase type I HSD3B1 0.0114
13 Aminomethyltransferase, mitochondrial AMT 0.0112
74 Dihydrolipoyllysine-residue acetyltransferase component of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, mitochondrial DLAT 0.0112
686 Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C2 AKR1C2 0.0109
83 Alpha-aminoadipic semialdehyde synthase, mitochondrial AASS 0.0109
380 Cytochrome P450 17A1 CYP17A1 0.0106
279 Tyrosinase TYR 0.0102
170 Succinate semialdehyde dehydrogenase, mitochondrial ALDH5A1 0.0102
679 C-1-tetrahydrofolate synthase, cytoplasmic MTHFD1 0.0101
838 Inosine-5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase 1 IMPDH1 0.0101
2314 Triosephosphate isomerase TPI 0.0099
3417 Triosephosphate isomerase tpiA 0.0099
3443 Triosephosphate isomerase tpiA 0.0099
6346 Triosephosphate isomerase TPI1 0.0099
3947 Xanthine dehydrogenase/oxidase XDH 0.0098
654 Flavin reductase BLVRB 0.0095
139 Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C1 AKR1C1 0.0093
810 Heme oxygenase 1 HMOX1 0.0089
3391 Heme oxygenase 1 pbsA1 0.0089
24 Thymidylate synthase TMP1 0.0088
359 Thymidylate synthase TYMS 0.0088
2626 Thymidylate synthase thyA 0.0088
2729 Thymidylate synthase thyA 0.0088
5352 Thymidylate synthase THYA 0.0088
650 Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C3 AKR1C3 0.0088
6020 Aldehyde oxidase AOX1 0.0087
20 Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1 PTGS1 0.0086
559 NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase chain 1 MT-ND1 0.0086
6014 Cytochrome P450 2A13 CYP2A13 0.0084
605 Fumarate reductase flavoprotein subunit frdA 0.0083
2709 Fumarate reductase flavoprotein subunit SO_0970 0.0083
3673 Fumarate reductase flavoprotein subunit fccA 0.0083
4912 Fumarate reductase flavoprotein subunit ifcA 0.0083
6549 Fumarate reductase flavoprotein subunit frdA 0.0083
822 Aldose reductase AKR1B1 0.0083
2499 Tubulin beta-2C chain TUBB2C 0.0079
777 Tumor necrosis factor TNF 0.0077
364 Corticosteroid 11-beta-dehydrogenase isozyme 1 HSD11B1 0.0075
136 Estrogen receptor ESR1 0.0074
4423 Levodione reductase lvr 0.0073
4505 Cis-2,3-dihydrobiphenyl-2,3-diol dehydrogenase bphB 0.0073
4428 Redox-sensing transcriptional repressor rex rex 0.0073
4449 ADP-ribosyltransferase Not Available 0.0073
4475 Hypothetical protein Rv0046c/MT0052 ino1 0.0073
4435 L-aspartate dehydrogenase nadX 0.0073
4448 L-2-hydroxyisocaproate dehydrogenase Not Available 0.0073
4336 Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase Not Available 0.0073
4436 Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase tthHB8IM 0.0073
4446 3alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/carbonyl reductase Not Available 0.0073
4495 3-oxoacyl-(Acyl carrier protein) reductase TM_1169 0.0073
3729 Citrate synthase gltA 0.0073
4575 Citrate synthase cit 0.0073
4580 Citrate synthase gltA 0.0073
3735 NAD(P) transhydrogenase subunit alpha part 1 pntAA 0.0073
2350 3-isopropylmalate dehydrogenase leuB 0.0073
3092 3-isopropylmalate dehydrogenase leuB 0.0073
4456 Inorganic polyphosphate/ATP-NAD kinase ppnK 0.0073
4500 L-lactate dehydrogenase 2 ldh2 0.0073
4443 Quinate/shikimate dehydrogenase ydiB 0.0073
4502 Formate dehydrogenase Not Available 0.0073
4447 Hypothetical protein yhfP yhfP 0.0073
3381 Alcohol dehydrogenase Not Available 0.0073
4508 Alcohol dehydrogenase adhA 0.0073
4414 Dehydrogenase TT_P0035 0.0073
4418 AGR_L_3209p AGR_L_3209 0.0073
4497 Benzyl alcohol dehydrogenase xylB 0.0073
4455 Glycerol dehydrogenase gldA 0.0073
4466 Glutathione-independent formaldehyde dehydrogenase fdhA 0.0073
4507 Alanine dehydrogenase ald 0.0073
4451 Vip2Ac vip2Ac 0.0073
4472 Glucose 1-dehydrogenase Not Available 0.0073
4471 CDP-D-glucose-4,6-dehydratase ascB 0.0073
4506 Myo-inositol-1-phosphate synthase-related protein TM_1419 0.0073
4487 Transcriptional regulator nadR nadR 0.0073
4467 Alpha-glucosidase, putative TM_0752 0.0073
613 Atrial natriuretic peptide receptor A NPR1 0.0072
2449 Tubulin alpha-3 chain TUBA1A 0.0072
1729 Solute carrier family 22 member 6 SLC22A6 0.0072
365 Dihydrofolate reductase DHFR 0.0068
2381 Dihydrofolate reductase DFR1 0.0068
2833 Dihydrofolate reductase Not Available 0.0068
2931 Dihydrofolate reductase folA 0.0068
3544 Dihydrofolate reductase folA 0.0068
3682 Dihydrofolate reductase folA 0.0068
6642 Dihydrofolate reductase folA 0.0068
6756 Dihydrofolate reductase dfrA 0.0068
193 Beta-1 adrenergic receptor ADRB1 0.0067
1490 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1 SLCO1B1 0.0067
1517 Beta-3 adrenergic receptor ADRB3 0.0067
1181 Alpha-1-acid glycoprotein 1 ORM1 0.0064
6144 Solute carrier family 22 member 2 SLC22A2 0.0062
964 Voltage-dependent T-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1H CACNA1H 0.0062
385 Potassium-transporting ATPase alpha chain 1 ATP4A 0.006
6145 Solute carrier family 22 member 1 SLC22A1 0.0058
790 DNA polymerase subunit alpha B POLA2 0.0058
4484 2,5-diketo-D-gluconic acid reductase A dkgA 0.0056
4486 Phenol 2-hydroxylase component B pheA2 0.0056
4477 Dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase lpdV 0.0056
5077 Dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase Not Available 0.0056
5117 Dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase lpd 0.0056
4439 Ferredoxin reductase bphA4 0.0056
4427 TDP-glucose-4,6-dehydratase desIV 0.0056
3598 dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase rfbD 0.0056
3177 dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase rfbB 0.0056
4499 dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase rmlB 0.0056
2967 CDP-paratose 2-epimerase rfbE 0.0056
4482 UDP-galactose 4-epimerase galE 0.0056
766 Beta-2 adrenergic receptor ADRB2 0.0056
4503 NADPH-flavin oxidoreductase frp 0.0055
3081 3-dehydroquinate synthase aroB 0.0055
2507 Diphtheria toxin Not Available 0.0055
2831 3-alpha-(or 20-beta)-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase Not Available 0.0055
3059 3-alpha-(or 20-beta)-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase fabG3 0.0055
2591 Urocanate hydratase hutU 0.0055
3671 7-alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase hdhA 0.0055
2538 6-phospho-beta-glucosidase bglT bglT 0.0055
2393 Maltose-6'-phosphate glucosidase glvA 0.0055
4450 Iota toxin component Ia Not Available 0.0055
6147 Solute carrier family 22 member 3 SLC22A3 0.0055
4509 Acetoin(diacetyl) reductase budC 0.0055
126 D-lactate dehydrogenase dld 0.0055
3545 D-lactate dehydrogenase Not Available 0.0055
4510 D-lactate dehydrogenase ldhA 0.0055
2424 L-lactate dehydrogenase ldh 0.0055
2641 L-lactate dehydrogenase Not Available 0.0055
4437 L-lactate dehydrogenase ldh 0.0055
4442 L-lactate dehydrogenase ldh 0.0055
3615 Dihydrodipicolinate reductase dapB 0.0055
3618 Dihydrodipicolinate reductase dapB 0.0055
4462 Dihydrodipicolinate reductase dapB 0.0055
4496 C-terminal-binding protein 1 CTBP1 0.0055
3401 D-2-hydroxyisocaproate dehydrogenase Not Available 0.0055
3087 Nicotinate-nucleotide adenylyltransferase nadD 0.0055
4469 Nicotinate-nucleotide adenylyltransferase nadD 0.0055
2336 2,3-diketo-L-gulonate reductase dlgD 0.0055
4498 Ornithine cyclodeaminase PP3533 0.0055
6698 Dehydrogenase/reductase SDR family member 4-like 2 DHRS4L2 0.0055
1199 GPI-linked NAD(P)(+)--arginine ADP-ribosyltransferase 1 ART1 0.0054
2881 Gamma-aminobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase prr 0.0054
2018 Deoxyhypusine synthase DHPS 0.0054
80 Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha PPARA 0.0054
4476 Mannitol dehydrogenase mtlD 0.0054
63 Malate dehydrogenase mdh 0.0053
2329 Malate dehydrogenase mdh 0.0053
3445 Malate dehydrogenase mdh 0.0053
4420 Malate dehydrogenase mdh 0.0053
4438 Malate dehydrogenase mdh 0.0053
2683 Mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase C3 C3 0.0053
6339 Ig kappa chain V-II region RPMI 6410 Not Available 0.0052
871 Glucocorticoid receptor NR3C1 0.0052
290 Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 PTGS2 0.0051
6022 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-1 UGT1A1 0.0051
862 Multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 ABCC1 0.005
1735 Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1 ABCC2 0.005
820 Glycine receptor subunit alpha-2 GLRA2 0.005
4504 WbpP Not Available 0.0049
3296 Nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyltransferase 1 NMNAT1 0.0049
3367 GDP-mannose 6-dehydrogenase algD 0.0049
4440 NADH peroxidase npr 0.0049
4318 Siroheme synthase cysG 0.0048
4343 Alpha-glucosidase aglA 0.0048
3736 Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase A gapA 0.0048
327 Glutathione reductase gor 0.0048
5110 Glutathione reductase GR2 0.0048
2799 Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, glycosomal Not Available 0.0048
2617 Nitric oxide synthase oxygenase nos 0.0048
2701 Nitric oxide synthase oxygenase nos 0.0048
1638 Solute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 2 SLC2A2 0.0048
617 Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2 CHRM2 0.0047
3932 Glutathione S-transferase A2 GSTA2 0.0047
1502 Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta PPARD 0.0046
1799 Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase G6PD 0.0046
2630 Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase zwf 0.0046
103 Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1 CHRM1 0.0046
3333 Nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyltransferase 3 NMNAT3 0.0045
2434 NH(3)-dependent NAD(+) synthetase nadE 0.0045
2910 NH(3)-dependent NAD(+) synthetase nadE 0.0045
3217 NH(3)-dependent NAD(+) synthetase nadE 0.0045
2826 Glucose--fructose oxidoreductase gfo 0.0045
3070 Adenosylhomocysteinase AHCY 0.0045
4424 Adenosylhomocysteinase PFE1050w 0.0045
6278 Adenosylhomocysteinase ahcY 0.0045
5325 2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase, mitochondrial DECR1 0.0044
1820 Beta-nerve growth factor NGF 0.0044
4228 Keratin, type II cytoskeletal 7 KRT7 0.0044
15 Voltage-dependent T-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1I CACNA1I 0.0043
5766 NAD-dependent deacetylase sirtuin-5 SIRT5 0.0042
1714 Mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 MAPK3 0.0041
6142 Solute carrier family 22 member 8 SLC22A8 0.0041
535 Voltage-dependent T-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1G CACNA1G 0.0041
318 Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor ADRA2A 0.0041
101 Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2 KCNH2 0.004
118 Organic cation/carnitine transporter 2 SLC22A5 0.004
33 Cystine/glutamate transporter SLC7A11 0.004
6766 O-GlcNAcase BT_4395 BT_4395 0.004
2286 Isocitrate dehydrogenase [NADP] icd 0.004
2302 Isocitrate dehydrogenase [NADP] icd 0.004
2771 Isocitrate dehydrogenase [NADP] icd 0.004
4491 DNA ligase, NAD-dependent ligA 0.0039
2762 UDP-glucose 4-epimerase GALE 0.0039
3461 UDP-glucose 4-epimerase galE 0.0039
4146 Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma PIK3R3 0.0039
4145 Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta PIK3R2 0.0039
341 5-hydroxytryptamine 3 receptor HTR3A 0.0038
833 Organic cation/carnitine transporter 1 SLC22A4 0.0038
4115 Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D CACNA1D 0.0038
1176 Mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 MAPK1 0.0038
4111 Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1S CACNA1S 0.0037
220 Sodium channel protein type 5 subunit alpha SCN5A 0.0037
6040 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, decarboxylating PGD 0.0037
478 Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C CACNA1C 0.0037
461 Glycine receptor subunit alpha-3 GLRA3 0.0035
540 Sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter SLC6A2 0.0035
6104 Dimethylaniline monooxygenase [N-oxide-forming] 1 FMO1 0.0034
844 Epidermal growth factor receptor EGFR 0.0034
872 Gamma-aminobutyric-acid receptor subunit alpha-1 GABRA1 0.0034
4203 Histamine N-methyltransferase HNMT 0.0034
1757 Myeloperoxidase MPO 0.0034
6158 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1C1 SLCO1C1 0.0034
3426 Glutamine synthetase glnA 0.0033
3987 Glutamine synthetase GLUL 0.0033
1281 Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha PIK3R1 0.0033
6157 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B3 SLCO1B3 0.0033
492 Histamine H1 receptor HRH1 0.0033
6018 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-9 UGT1A9 0.0032
368 Enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase [NADH] inhA 0.0032
3228 Enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase [NADH] fabI 0.0032
3678 Enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase [NADH] fabI 0.0032
6856 Enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase [NADH] fabI 0.0032
787 Vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 1 VKORC1 0.0032
465 Calmodulin CALM1 0.0031
2112 Toll-like receptor 9 TLR9 0.0029
6220 Aryl hydrocarbon receptor AHR 0.0029
6148 Multidrug resistance-associated protein 7 ABCC10 0.0028
6146 High affinity copper uptake protein 1 SLC31A1 0.0028
610 Calcium-activated potassium channel subunit alpha 1 KCNMA1 0.0027
238 Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma PPARG 0.0027
142 Gamma-aminobutyric-acid receptor subunit rho-1 GABRR1 0.0027
4311 tRNA TRDMT1 0.0027
4325 tRNA trmD 0.0027
4328 tRNA trmD 0.0027
2236 Casein kinase II subunit alpha CSNK2A1 0.0027
106 Cannabinoid receptor 2 CNR2 0.0026
4110 Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-2 CACNB2 0.0026
1787 Nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit NFKB1 0.0026
4113 Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1F CACNA1F 0.0025
68 Cannabinoid receptor 1 CNR1 0.0025
6043 Putative G-protein coupled receptor 44 GPR44 0.0024
817 DNA topoisomerase 2-alpha TOP2A 0.0024
16 Adenosine A1 receptor ADORA1 0.0024
6150 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 4C1 SLCO4C1 0.0024
1178 Adenosine A2a receptor ADORA2A 0.0023
6101 Dimethylaniline monooxygenase [N-oxide-forming] 3 FMO3 0.0023
146 Androgen receptor AR 0.0023
1569 G1/S-specific cyclin-D1 CCND1 0.0023
1632 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2B1 SLCO2B1 0.0023
1709 Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 2 ABCC3 0.0023
204 cGMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase PDE5A 0.0023
806 Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase alpha-1 chain ATP1A1 0.0022
1192 Sulfotransferase 1A1 SULT1A1 0.0022
522 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 2 PSMD2 0.0021
515 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 1 PSMD1 0.0021
373 Transthyretin TTR 0.0021
823 Fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 FGFR2 0.0021
6178 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B7 UGT2B7 0.0021
6025 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-4 UGT1A4 0.002
590 5-hydroxytryptamine 2C receptor HTR2C 0.002
831 D(2) dopamine receptor DRD2 0.002
556 Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor ADRA1A 0.002
6177 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-10 UGT1A10 0.002
606 Cytochrome P450 27, mitochondrial CYP27A1 0.002
1284 Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 2 NR1I2 0.0019
1629 Transcription factor AP-1 JUN 0.0019
3804 Sodium channel protein type 4 subunit alpha SCN4A 0.0019
541 cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4B PDE4B 0.0019
581 Cytochrome P450 2R1 CYP2R1 0.0019
122 P2Y purinoceptor 12 P2RY12 0.0019
6181 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-8 UGT1A8 0.0019
6038 Retinal cone rhodopsin-sensitive cGMP 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase subunit gamma PDE6H 0.0019
3830 Calreticulin CALR 0.0018
2038 Inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit beta IKBKB 0.0018
2157 NAD(P)H dehydrogenase [quinone] 1 NQO1 0.0018
1992 Vitamin D-binding protein GC 0.0018
476 RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase AKT1 0.0018
3610 Thioredoxin reductase 1, cytoplasmic TXNRD1 0.0018
762 Voltage-dependent calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta-1 CACNA2D1 0.0017
1024 Solute carrier family 22 member 11 SLC22A11 0.0017
6034 Hydroxyindole O-methyltransferase ASMT 0.0017
6035 Nuclear receptor ROR-beta RORB 0.0017
6036 Eosinophil peroxidase EPX 0.0017
6037 Retinal rod rhodopsin-sensitive cGMP 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase subunit gamma PDE6G 0.0017
976 Platelet glycoprotein IX GP9 0.0017
400 Coagulation factor IX F9 0.0017
5461 Coagulation factor IX F9 0.0017
1374 Natriuretic peptides B NPPB 0.0017
1827 Gap junction alpha-1 protein GJA1 0.0017
1908 Vascular cell adhesion protein 1 VCAM1 0.0017
514 Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 6 KCNH6 0.0017
772 Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 7 KCNH7 0.0017
477 DNA topoisomerase 4 subunit A parC 0.0016
886 DNA topoisomerase 4 subunit A parC 0.0016
6226 DNA topoisomerase 4 subunit A parC 0.0016
935 Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Yes YES1 0.0016
1063 Signal transducer and activator of transcription 5B STAT5B 0.0016
4103 Proteasome subunit beta type 2 PSMB2 0.0016
4102 Proteasome subunit beta type 5 PSMB5 0.0016
4101 Proteasome subunit beta type 1 PSMB1 0.0016
6176 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-3 UGT1A3 0.0016
404 DNA gyrase subunit A gyrA 0.0016
6224 DNA gyrase subunit A gyrA 0.0016
295 Carbonic anhydrase 1 CA1 0.0016
814 Ryanodine receptor 1 RYR1 0.0016
6182 Cytochrome P450 2J2 CYP2J2 0.0016
378 Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor ADRA2C 0.0016
629 Alpha-2B adrenergic receptor ADRA2B 0.0016
4081 Vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 1-like protein 1 VKORC1L1 0.0015
604 Vitamin K-dependent protein Z PROZ 0.0015
2164 Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4 ABCC4 0.0015
6046 Voltage-gated calcium channel beta 1 subunit splice variant CavB1d CACNB1 0.0015
765 Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase IDO1 0.0015
4160 Voltage-dependent calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta-2 CACNA2D2 0.0015
632 Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor ADRA1B 0.0015
885 5-hydroxytryptamine 1B receptor HTR1B 0.0014
6141 Sodium/bile acid cotransporter SLC10A1 0.0014
934 Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Fyn FYN 0.0014
6031 Cytochrome P450 3A43 CYP3A43 0.0014
268 Adenosine A2b receptor ADORA2B 0.0014
422 Vitamin K-dependent protein C PROC 0.0014
1245 Vitamin K-dependent protein S PROS1 0.0014
571 Melatonin receptor type 1A MTNR1A 0.0014
362 Melatonin receptor type 1B MTNR1B 0.0014
638 D(3) dopamine receptor DRD3 0.0014
936 Ephrin type-A receptor 2 EPHA2 0.0013
6143 Solute carrier family 22 member 7 SLC22A7 0.0013
6124 Carbonic anhydrase 5B, mitochondrial CA5B 0.0013
856 Vitamin D3 receptor VDR 0.0013
6045 Voltage-dependent calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta-3 CACNA2D3 0.0013
484 Tyrosine-protein kinase ABL2 ABL2 0.0013
320 5-hydroxytryptamine 1A receptor HTR1A 0.0013
6131 Carbonic anhydrase 14 CA14 0.0013
464 Glutamate [NMDA] receptor subunit epsilon-2 GRIN2B 0.0013
756 Sex hormone-binding globulin SHBG 0.0013
183 Vascular endothelial growth factor A VEGFA 0.0013
5251 Carbonyl reductase [NADPH] 1 CBR1 0.0013
4192 DNA topoisomerase 2-beta TOP2B 0.0013
6163 Copper-transporting ATPase 2 ATP7B 0.0013
6165 Copper-transporting ATPase 1 ATP7A 0.0013
448 Vitamin K-dependent gamma-carboxylase GGCX 0.0012
267 Plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 SERPINE1 0.0012
462 Intermediate conductance calcium-activated potassium channel protein 4 KCNN4 0.0012
23 D(1A) dopamine receptor DRD1 0.0012
482 Glycine receptor subunit alpha-1 GLRA1 0.0012
228 Beta platelet-derived growth factor receptor PDGFRB 0.0012
789 Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor ADRA1D 0.0012
6136 Multidrug resistance-associated protein 5 ABCC5 0.0012
997 Protein kinase C beta type PRKCB 0.0012
6122 Carbonic anhydrase 3 CA3 0.0012
824 Sodium-dependent serotonin transporter SLC6A4 0.0012
4122 Histone deacetylase 2 HDAC2 0.0012
3802 Sodium channel protein type 2 subunit alpha SCN2A 0.0012
1275 Estrogen sulfotransferase SULT1E1 0.0012
4152 Superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn] SOD1 0.0012
869 Estrogen receptor beta ESR2 0.0012
502 5-hydroxytryptamine 2A receptor HTR2A 0.0011
634 Squalene monooxygenase SQLE 0.0011
7196 Squalene monooxygenase ERG1 0.0011
6123 Carbonic anhydrase 5A, mitochondrial CA5A 0.0011
908 Glutathione S-transferase theta-1 GSTT1 0.0011
4114 Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-3 CACNB3 0.0011
4112 Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-4 CACNB4 0.0011
798 Osteocalcin BGLAP 0.0011
1970 Protein kinase C alpha type PRKCA 0.0011
6102 Arylamine N-acetyltransferase 2 NAT2 0.0011
504 Mast/stem cell growth factor receptor KIT 0.0011
6221 Steroid hormone receptor ERR1 ESRRA 0.0011
706 Glutamate [NMDA] receptor subunit 3A GRIN3A 0.0011
1050 Bile salt sulfotransferase SULT2A1 0.0011
751 Potassium channel subfamily K member 6 KCNK6 0.0011
3941 Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A MAOA 0.0011
3007 Carbonic anhydrase 12 CA12 0.0011
4205 Carbonic anhydrase 9 CA9 0.0011
6137 Multidrug resistance-associated protein 6 ABCC6 0.0011
4120 NADPH--cytochrome P450 reductase POR 0.0011
4095 Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-7 CHRNA7 0.0011
947 Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-4 CHRNA4 0.0011
2408 Tyrosine-protein kinase SYK SYK 0.0011
3970 Voltage-dependent N-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1B CACNA1B 0.0011
6126 Carbonic anhydrase 7 CA7 0.001
333 Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-1 CACNB1 0.001
485 cGMP-inhibited 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase A PDE3A 0.001
937 Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase LCK LCK 0.001
369 Coagulation factor VII F7 0.001
172 Potassium channel subfamily K member 1 KCNK1 0.001
6023 Cytochrome P450 11B2, mitochondrial CYP11B2 0.001
896 Glutathione S-transferase Mu 1 GSTM1 0.001
3937 Fatty-acid amide hydrolase FAAH 0.001
17 Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase ABL1 ABL1 0.001
1457 Long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase 4 ACSL4 0.001
1971 cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4A PDE4A 0.001
3917 Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase MTHFR 0.0009
389 Amiloride-sensitive cation channel 2, neuronal ACCN2 0.0009
6082 Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-3 CHRNB3 0.0009
6080 Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-5 CHRNA5 0.0009
948 Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-2 CHRNB2 0.0009
3957 Adenosine deaminase ADA 0.0009
904 Glutathione S-transferase P GSTP1 0.0009
469 Annexin A1 ANXA1 0.0009
4162 Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 3 KCNQ3 0.0009
3809 Estrogen-related receptor gamma ESRRG 0.0009
858 Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 1 KCNA1 0.0009
6081 Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-6 CHRNA6 0.0008
592 Carbonic anhydrase 4 CA4 0.0008
4097 Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-9 CHRNA9 0.0008
1086 Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 2 KCNQ2 0.0008
737 Mineralocorticoid receptor NR3C2 0.0008
933 Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src SRC 0.0008
1539 Oligopeptide transporter, small intestine isoform SLC15A1 0.0008
6078 Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-4 CHRNB4 0.0008
4100 Gamma-aminobutyric-acid receptor subunit beta-2 GABRB2 0.0008
239 Coagulation factor X F10 0.0008
2222 Equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 SLC29A1 0.0008
614 Progesterone receptor PGR 0.0007
4099 Gamma-aminobutyric-acid receptor subunit beta-3 GABRB3 0.0007
6263 cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha PRKACA 0.0007
6079 Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-3 CHRNA3 0.0007
6085 Fatty acid-binding protein, intestinal FABP2 0.0007
458 Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-10 CHRNA10 0.0007
2981 Phospholipase A2, membrane associated PLA2G2A 0.0007
164 Histamine H4 receptor HRH4 0.0007
275 Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase ALOX5 0.0007
4604 Liver carboxylesterase 1 CES1 0.0006
54 Prothrombin F2 0.0006
6153 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 4A1 SLCO4A1 0.0006
734 D1 dopamine receptor-interacting protein calcyon CALY 0.0006
357 Carbonic anhydrase 2 CA2 0.0006
6152 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2A1 SLCO2A1 0.0006
7 Nitric oxide synthase, inducible NOS2 0.0006
813 Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-2 CHRNA2 0.0006
528 5-hydroxytryptamine 1E receptor HTR1E 0.0005
918 Glutamate receptor, ionotropic kainate 2 GRIK2 0.0005
3939 Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B MAOB 0.0005
1256 5-hydroxytryptamine 6 receptor HTR6 0.0005
841 Gamma-aminobutyric-acid receptor subunit alpha-6 GABRA6 0.0005
530 Gamma-aminobutyric-acid receptor subunit alpha-4 GABRA4 0.0005
921 Glutamate receptor 2 GRIA2 0.0005
580 Gamma-aminobutyric-acid receptor subunit alpha-3 GABRA3 0.0005
523 Gamma-aminobutyric-acid receptor subunit alpha-5 GABRA5 0.0005
716 5-hydroxytryptamine 7 receptor HTR7 0.0005
423 Gamma-aminobutyric-acid receptor subunit alpha-2 GABRA2 0.0005
432 D(4) dopamine receptor DRD4 0.0004
725 5-hydroxytryptamine 1D receptor HTR1D 0.0004
274 Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5 CHRM5 0.0004
450 Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M4 CHRM4 0.0004
51 Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M3 CHRM3 0.0003
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