DT-Web

DB01285 - Corticotropin


Identification
Name Corticotropin
Accession Number DB01285
Type biotech
Description Corticotropin (ACTH or adrenocorticotropic hormone) is a polypeptide hormone produced and secreted by the pituitary gland. It is an important player in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis.
Structure
MOL SDF PDB SMILES InChI
Categories (*)
Molecular Weight 4541.0658
Groups approved
Monoisotopic Weight Not Available
Pharmacology
Indication For use as a diagnostic agent in the screening of patients presumed to have adrenocortical insufficiency.
Mechanism of action As a diagnostic aid (adrenocortical function), corticotropin combines with a specific receptor on the adrenal cell plasma membrane. In patients with normal adrenocortical function, it stimulates the initial reaction involved in the synthesis of adrenal steroids (including cortisol, cortisone, weak androgenic substances, and a limited quantity of aldosterone) from cholesterol by increasing the quantity of cholesterol within the mitochondria. Corticotropin does not significantly increase serum cortisol concentrations in patients with primary adrenocortical insufficiency (Addison's disease). The mechanism of action of corticotropin in the treatment of infantile myoclonic seizures is unknown.
Absorption Corticotropin is rapidly absorbed following intramuscular administration; the repository dosage form is slowly absorbed over approximately 8 to 16 hours.
Protein binding Not Available
Biotransformation Not Available
Route of elimination Not Available
Toxicity Not Available
Affected organisms
  • Humans and other mammals
Interactions
Drug Interactions
Drug Mechanism of interaction
Aldesleukin Corticosteroids may diminish the antineoplastic effect of Aldesleukin. Avoid conccurent use of corticosteroids with aldesleukin.
Aprepitant Aprepitant may increase the serum concentration of Corticosteroids (Systemic). Monitor for increased effects of systemic corticosteroids when coadmininistered with aprepitant; corticosteroid dose reduction may be necessary. The manufacturer of fosaprepitant (a prodrug of aprepitant) states that oral dexamethasone doses should be reduced by 50% when coadministered with a fosaprepitant/aprepitant regimen to achieve dexamethasone concentrations similar to those achieved with dexamethasone alone. Dexamethasone doses used in clinical chemotherapy nausea/vomiting studies with aprepitant reflect this 50% decrease. Similarly, it is recommended that in order to achieve concentrations similar to those achieved with methylprednisolone alone, the intravenous methylprednisolone dose should be reduced by 25% and the oral methylprednisolone dose should be reduced by 50% when given together with a fosaprepitant/aprepitant regimen.
Fosaprepitant Fosaprepitant may increase the serum concentration of Corticosteroids (Systemic). The active metabolite aprepitant is likely responsible for this effect. The manufacturer of fosaprepitant states that oral dexamethasone doses should be reduced by 50% when coadministered with a fosaprepitant/aprepitant regimen to achieve dexamethasone concentrations similar to those achieved with dexamethasone alone.1 Dexamethasone doses used in clinical chemotherapy nausea/vomiting studies with aprepitant reflect this 50% decrease. Similarly, it is recommended that in order to achieve concentrations similar to those achieved with methylprednisolone alone, the intravenous methylprednisolone dose should be reduced by 25% and the oral methylprednisolone dose should be reduced by 50% when given together with a fosaprepitant/aprepitant regimen. Monitor for increased effects of systemic corticosteroids when coadmininistered with fosaprepitant or aprepitant.
Leflunomide Immunosuppressants may enhance the adverse/toxic effect of Leflunomide. Specifically, the risk for hematologic toxicity such as pancytopenia, agranulocytosis, and/or thrombocytopenia may be increased. Consider eliminating the use of a leflunomide loading dose in patients who are receiving other immunosuppressants in order to reduce the risk for serious adverse events such as hematologic toxicity. Also, patients receiving both leflunomide and another immunosuppressive medication should be monitored for bone marrow suppression at least monthly throughout the duration of concurrent therapy.
Pyridostigmine The corticosteroid, corticotropin, may decrease the effect of the anticholinesterase, pyridostigmine.
Tacrine Tacrine and Corticotropin may independently exacerbate muscle weakness in myasthenia gravis patients. Monitor for additive muscle weakness effects.
Trastuzumab Trastuzumab may increase the risk of neutropenia and anemia. Monitor closely for signs and symptoms of adverse events.
Vecuronium Vecuronium may increase the adverse neuromuscular effects of systemic corticosteroids, such as Corticotropin. Monitor for increased muscle weakness and signs of polyneuropathies and myopathy.
Food Interactions Not Available

Targets


Adrenocorticotropic hormone receptor
Name Adrenocorticotropic hormone receptor
Gene Name MC2R
Pharmacological action yes
Actions agonist
References
  • Johnston H, King PJ, O'Shaughnessy PJ: Effects of ACTH and expression of the melanocortin-2 receptor in the neonatal mouse testis. Reproduction. 2007 Jun;133(6):1181-7. - Pubmed
  • Carey LC, Su Y, Valego NK, Rose JC: Infusion of ACTH stimulates expression of adrenal ACTH receptor and steroidogenic acute regulatory protein mRNA in fetal sheep. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2006 Aug;291(2):E214-20. Epub 2006 Feb 14. - Pubmed
  • Hruby VJ, Cai M, Cain JP, Mayorov AV, Dedek MM, Trivedi D: Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of ligands selective for the melanocortin-3 receptor. Curr Top Med Chem. 2007;7(11):1107-19. - Pubmed
  • Suri D, Alonso M, Weiss RE: A case of ACTH-independent bilateral macronodular adrenal hyperplasia and severe congestive heart failure. J Endocrinol Invest. 2006 Nov;29(10):940-6. - Pubmed
  • Lin L, Hindmarsh PC, Metherell LA, Alzyoud M, Al-Ali M, Brain CE, Clark AJ, Dattani MT, Achermann JC: Severe loss-of-function mutations in the adrenocorticotropin receptor (ACTHR, MC2R) can be found in patients diagnosed with salt-losing adrenal hypoplasia. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2007 Feb;66(2):205-10. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 1.5896
Corticoliberin
Name Corticoliberin
Gene Name CRH
Pharmacological action unknown
Actions agonist
References
  • Hellman P, Linder F, Hennings J, Hessman O, Eriksson B, Orlefors H, Akerstrom G: Bilateral adrenalectomy for ectopic Cushing's syndrome-discussions on technique and indication. World J Surg. 2006 May;30(5):909-16. - Pubmed
  • Dinan TG, Quigley EM, Ahmed SM, Scully P, O'Brien S, O'Mahony L, O'Mahony S, Shanahan F, Keeling PW: Hypothalamic-pituitary-gut axis dysregulation in irritable bowel syndrome: plasma cytokines as a potential biomarker? Gastroenterology. 2006 Feb;130(2):304-11. - Pubmed
  • Zhao LF, Iwasaki Y, Oki Y, Tsugita M, Taguchi T, Nishiyama M, Takao T, Kambayashi M, Hashimoto K: Purinergic receptor ligands stimulate pro-opiomelanocortin gene expression in AtT-20 pituitary corticotroph cells. J Neuroendocrinol. 2006 Apr;18(4):273-8. - Pubmed
  • Wagner U, Wahle M, Moritz F, Wagner U, Hantzschel H, Baerwald CG: Promoter polymorphisms regulating corticotrophin-releasing hormone transcription in vitro. Horm Metab Res. 2006 Feb;38(2):69-75. - Pubmed
  • Matejec R, Uhlich H, Hotz C, Muhling J, Harbach HW, Bodeker RH, Hempelmann G, Teschemacher H: Corticotropin-releasing hormone reduces pressure pain sensitivity in humans without involvement of beta-endorphin(1-31), but does not reduce heat pain sensitivity. Neuroendocrinology. 2005;82(3-4):185-97. Epub 2006 Mar 13. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 0.8767

Enzymes


3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/Delta 5-->4-isomerase type II
Name 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/Delta 5-->4-isomerase type II
Gene Name HSD3B2
Actions inducer
References
  • Bassett MH, Suzuki T, Sasano H, De Vries CJ, Jimenez PT, Carr BR, Rainey WE: The orphan nuclear receptor NGFIB regulates transcription of 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. implications for the control of adrenal functional zonation. J Biol Chem. 2004 Sep 3;279(36):37622-30. Epub 2004 Jun 18. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 0.6273
25-hydroxyvitamin D-1 alpha hydroxylase, mitochondrial
Name 25-hydroxyvitamin D-1 alpha hydroxylase, mitochondrial
Gene Name CYP27B1
Actions inducer
References
  • Dunbar DR, Khaled H, Evans LC, Al-Dujaili EA, Mullins LJ, Mullins JJ, Kenyon CJ, Bailey MA: Transcriptional and physiological responses to chronic ACTH treatment by the mouse kidney. Physiol Genomics. 2010 Feb 4;40(3):158-66. Epub 2009 Nov 17. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 1.0026
Cytochrome P450 24A1, mitochondrial
Name Cytochrome P450 24A1, mitochondrial
Gene Name CYP24A1
Actions inducer
References
  • Dunbar DR, Khaled H, Evans LC, Al-Dujaili EA, Mullins LJ, Mullins JJ, Kenyon CJ, Bailey MA: Transcriptional and physiological responses to chronic ACTH treatment by the mouse kidney. Physiol Genomics. 2010 Feb 4;40(3):158-66. Epub 2009 Nov 17. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 1.0429

Predictions


Id Partner name Gene Name Score
856 Vitamin D3 receptor VDR 0.5507
5925 Neuropeptide Y NPY 0.2059
6151 Monocarboxylate transporter 10 SLC16A10 0.1802
1992 Vitamin D-binding protein GC 0.1327
581 Cytochrome P450 2R1 CYP2R1 0.1305
301 Kynurenine--oxoglutarate transaminase 1 CCBL1 0.115
57 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/Delta 5-->4-isomerase type I HSD3B1 0.1114
606 Cytochrome P450 27, mitochondrial CYP27A1 0.1114
245 Large neutral amino acids transporter small subunit 1 SLC7A5 0.1045
4512 Cytochrome P450 3A4 CYP3A4 0.0983
136 Estrogen receptor ESR1 0.0758
1757 Myeloperoxidase MPO 0.052
869 Estrogen receptor beta ESR2 0.0513
6025 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-4 UGT1A4 0.045
614 Progesterone receptor PGR 0.0412
4924 Cytochrome P450 2C8 CYP2C8 0.0236
4757 Cytochrome P450 2C9 CYP2C9 0.0216
343 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 subunit C1, mitochondrial NDUFC1 0.0031
755 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 3 NDUFA3 0.0031
353 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 4-like 2 NDUFA4L2 0.0031
313 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 3 NDUFB3 0.0031
374 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 1 NDUFB1 0.0031
525 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 5 NDUFA5 0.0031
219 NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase chain 3 MT-ND3 0.0031
104 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 6, mitochondrial NDUFS6 0.0031
247 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 1 NDUFA1 0.0031
656 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 9 NDUFB9 0.0031
598 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 11 NDUFA11 0.0031
190 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 4 NDUFA4 0.0031
602 Acyl carrier protein, mitochondrial NDUFAB1 0.0031
555 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 4, mitochondrial NDUFS4 0.0031
609 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase [NAD+] HPGD 0.0031
384 NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase chain 6 MT-ND6 0.0031
607 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 2 NDUFA2 0.0031
300 NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase chain 4L MT-ND4L 0.0031
829 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 12 NDUFA12 0.0031
746 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 8, mitochondrial NDUFB8 0.0031
475 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 2, mitochondrial NDUFB2 0.0031
99 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 5 NDUFS5 0.0031
270 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 5, mitochondrial NDUFB5 0.0031
30 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein 3, mitochondrial NDUFV3 0.0031
446 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 7 NDUFA7 0.0031
41 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 8, mitochondrial NDUFS8 0.0031
145 Corticosteroid 11-beta-dehydrogenase isozyme 2 HSD11B2 0.0031
236 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 6 NDUFA6 0.0031
417 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 6 NDUFB6 0.0031
324 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 4 NDUFB4 0.0031
568 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 7 NDUFB7 0.0031
216 Aldehyde dehydrogenase 3B2 ALDH3B2 0.0031
671 Pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component alpha subunit, testis-specific form, mitochondrial PDHA2 0.0031
152 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein 2, mitochondrial NDUFV2 0.0031
628 Pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component alpha subunit, somatic form, mitochondrial PDHA1 0.0031
848 Isocitrate dehydrogenase [NAD] subunit gamma, mitochondrial IDH3G 0.0031
582 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 13 NDUFA13 0.0031
539 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein 1, mitochondrial NDUFV1 0.0031
9 Estradiol 17-beta-dehydrogenase 2 HSD17B2 0.0031
405 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 8 NDUFA8 0.0031
272 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 10 NDUFB10 0.0031
372 Estradiol 17-beta-dehydrogenase 3 HSD17B3 0.0031
729 GDP-L-fucose synthetase TSTA3 0.0031
3463 GDP-L-fucose synthetase fcl 0.0031
167 L-lactate dehydrogenase C chain LDHC 0.0031
326 L-lactate dehydrogenase A-like 6A LDHAL6A 0.0031
141 3-hydroxyisobutyrate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial HIBADH 0.0031
206 3-keto-steroid reductase HSD17B7 0.0031
196 D-beta-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial BDH1 0.0031
231 Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase [NAD+], cytoplasmic GPD1 0.0031
91 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 10, mitochondrial NDUFA10 0.0031
496 Aldehyde dehydrogenase 3B1 ALDH3B1 0.0031
14 Isocitrate dehydrogenase [NAD] subunit alpha, mitochondrial IDH3A 0.0031
50 Sterol-4-alpha-carboxylate 3-dehydrogenase, decarboxylating NSDHL 0.0031
335 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 9, mitochondrial NDUFA9 0.0031
112 L-lactate dehydrogenase A-like 6B LDHAL6B 0.0031
616 Isocitrate dehydrogenase [NAD] subunit beta, mitochondrial IDH3B 0.0031
487 Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C4 AKR1C4 0.0031
721 NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase chain 2 MT-ND2 0.0031
608 NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase chain 4 MT-ND4 0.0031
643 Peroxisomal bifunctional enzyme EHHADH 0.0031
711 UDP-glucose 6-dehydrogenase UGDH 0.0031
3672 UDP-glucose 6-dehydrogenase hasB 0.0031
149 Alpha-aminoadipic semialdehyde dehydrogenase ALDH7A1 0.0031
531 Aldehyde dehydrogenase X, mitochondrial ALDH1B1 0.0031
107 C-4 methylsterol oxidase SC4MOL 0.0031
180 D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase PHGDH 0.0031
3726 D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase serA 0.0031
4291 D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase serA 0.0031
258 Methylmalonate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase [acylating], mitochondrial ALDH6A1 0.0031
644 Heme oxygenase 2 HMOX2 0.0031
4982 Heme oxygenase 2 pbsA2 0.0031
271 Delta-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial ALDH4A1 0.0031
637 NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase chain 5 MT-ND5 0.0031
548 NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase 75 kDa subunit, mitochondrial NDUFS1 0.0031
288 Trifunctional enzyme subunit alpha, mitochondrial HADHA 0.0031
393 GDH/6PGL endoplasmic bifunctional protein [Includes: Glucose 1-dehydrogenase H6PD 0.0031
34 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase DHCR7 0.0031
662 Fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase ALDH3A2 0.0031
816 Biliverdin reductase A BLVRA 0.003
579 Alcohol dehydrogenase class 4 mu/sigma chain ADH7 0.003
792 Aldehyde dehydrogenase, dimeric NADP-preferring ALDH3A1 0.003
316 4-trimethylaminobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase ALDH9A1 0.003
646 Malate dehydrogenase, cytoplasmic MDH1 0.0026
350 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase type-2 HSD17B10 0.0026
178 NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase 3 CYB5R3 0.0026
635 Estradiol 17-beta-dehydrogenase 8 HSD17B8 0.0026
812 Dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase, mitochondrial DLD 0.0026
666 NADP-dependent malic enzyme ME1 0.0026
454 Peroxisomal multifunctional enzyme type 2 HSD17B4 0.0026
396 Alcohol dehydrogenase 4 ADH4 0.0026
6026 Alcohol dehydrogenase 6 ADH6 0.0025
328 Sorbitol dehydrogenase SORD 0.0025
597 Dihydropteridine reductase QDPR 0.0025
830 Glutamate dehydrogenase 2, mitochondrial GLUD2 0.0025
363 NADP-dependent malic enzyme, mitochondrial ME3 0.0025
627 11-cis retinol dehydrogenase RDH5 0.0025
640 Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A3 ALDH1A3 0.0025
337 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 7, mitochondrial NDUFS7 0.0025
214 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 3, mitochondrial NDUFS3 0.0025
803 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 2, mitochondrial NDUFS2 0.0025
248 Pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase 1 PYCR1 0.0025
802 Pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase 2 PYCR2 0.0025
296 Bifunctional methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase/cyclohydrolase, mitochondrial MTHFD2 0.0025
110 Pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component subunit beta, mitochondrial PDHB 0.0025
194 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 subunit C2 NDUFC2 0.0025
626 Cysteine dioxygenase type 1 CDO1 0.0025
857 Malate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial MDH2 0.0025
182 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase E1 component, mitochondrial OGDH 0.0025
419 Hydroxyacyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase, mitochondrial HADH 0.0024
11 NAD(P) transhydrogenase, mitochondrial NNT 0.0024
839 Short-chain specific acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, mitochondrial ACADS 0.0023
569 Retinal dehydrogenase 2 ALDH1A2 0.0023
77 L-lactate dehydrogenase B chain LDHB 0.0023
12 Alcohol dehydrogenase class 3 ADH5 0.0023
686 Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C2 AKR1C2 0.0023
13 Aminomethyltransferase, mitochondrial AMT 0.0023
74 Dihydrolipoyllysine-residue acetyltransferase component of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, mitochondrial DLAT 0.0023
599 Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase GAPDH 0.0022
4426 Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase gap 0.0022
4454 Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase gap 0.0022
4489 Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase gap 0.0022
6861 Alcohol dehydrogenase [NADP+] AKR1A1 0.0022
201 Glutamate dehydrogenase 1, mitochondrial GLUD1 0.0022
473 L-lactate dehydrogenase A chain LDHA 0.0022
794 Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, testis-specific GAPDHS 0.0022
611 Retinal dehydrogenase 1 ALDH1A1 0.0022
83 Alpha-aminoadipic semialdehyde synthase, mitochondrial AASS 0.0021
279 Tyrosinase TYR 0.0021
170 Succinate semialdehyde dehydrogenase, mitochondrial ALDH5A1 0.0021
251 Alcohol dehydrogenase 1A ADH1A 0.002
679 C-1-tetrahydrofolate synthase, cytoplasmic MTHFD1 0.002
838 Inosine-5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase 1 IMPDH1 0.002
166 NAD-dependent malic enzyme, mitochondrial ME2 0.002
217 Estradiol 17-beta-dehydrogenase 1 HSD17B1 0.002
796 Inosine-5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase 2 IMPDH2 0.0019
380 Cytochrome P450 17A1 CYP17A1 0.0019
139 Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C1 AKR1C1 0.0019
654 Flavin reductase BLVRB 0.0019
650 Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C3 AKR1C3 0.0018
810 Heme oxygenase 1 HMOX1 0.0018
3391 Heme oxygenase 1 pbsA1 0.0018
444 Alcohol dehydrogenase 1B ADH1B 0.0018
559 NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase chain 1 MT-ND1 0.0018
147 Aldehyde dehydrogenase, mitochondrial ALDH2 0.0018
468 Cytochrome P450 4A11 CYP4A11 0.0017
714 Glutathione reductase, mitochondrial GSR 0.0017
243 Ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase [quinone] NQO2 0.0016
631 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase HMGCR 0.0016
3387 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase mvaA 0.0016
6020 Aldehyde oxidase AOX1 0.0016
364 Corticosteroid 11-beta-dehydrogenase isozyme 1 HSD11B1 0.0016
517 Alcohol dehydrogenase 1C ADH1C 0.0015
3947 Xanthine dehydrogenase/oxidase XDH 0.0015
365 Dihydrofolate reductase DHFR 0.0014
2381 Dihydrofolate reductase DFR1 0.0014
2833 Dihydrofolate reductase Not Available 0.0014
2931 Dihydrofolate reductase folA 0.0014
3544 Dihydrofolate reductase folA 0.0014
3682 Dihydrofolate reductase folA 0.0014
6642 Dihydrofolate reductase folA 0.0014
6756 Dihydrofolate reductase dfrA 0.0014
822 Aldose reductase AKR1B1 0.0014
↑