Identification
Name Zoledronate
Accession Number DB00399 (APRD01294, DB06286)
Type small molecule
Description Zoledronate (zoledronic acid, marketed by Novartis under the trade names Zometa and Reclast) is a bisphosphonate. Zometa is used to prevent skeletal fractures in patients with cancers such as multiple myeloma and prostate cancer. It can also be used to treat hypercalcemia of malignancy and can be helpful for treating pain from bone metastases. An annual dose of Zoledronate may also prevent recurring fractures in patients with a previous hip fracture. Zoledronate is a single 5 mg infusion for the treatment of Paget's disease of bone. In 2007, the FDA also approved Reclast for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
Structure
Categories (*)
Molecular Weight 272.0896
Groups approved
Monoisotopic Weight 271.996323708
Pharmacology
Indication For the treatment of hypercalcemia of malignancy. Also for the treatment of patients with multiple myeloma and patients with documented bone metastases from solid tumors, in conjunction with standard antineoplastic therapy. In May of 2007, the drug was approved for treatment of Paget's Disease.
Mechanism of action The action of zoledronate on bone tissue is based partly on its affinity for hydroxyapatite, which is part of the mineral matrix of bone. Zoledronate also targets farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP) synthase. Nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates such as zoledronate appear to act as analogues of isoprenoid diphosphate lipids, thereby inhibiting FPP synthase, an enzyme in the mevalonate pathway. Inhibition of this enzyme in osteoclasts prevents the biosynthesis of isoprenoid lipids (FPP and GGPP) that are essential for the post-translational farnesylation and geranylgeranylation of small GTPase signalling proteins. This activity inhibits osteoclast activity and reduces bone resorption and turnover. In postmenopausal women, it reduces the elevated rate of bone turnover, leading to, on average, a net gain in bone mass.
Absorption Poorly absorbed (oral absorption is about 1% of what intravenous absorption is).
Protein binding Approximately 22% bound in human plasma, independent of the concentration. However, Canadian product information states binding to human plasma protein is approximately 56%.
Biotransformation Zoledronate does not inhibit human P450 enzymes in vitro and does not undergo biotransformation in vivo.
Route of elimination In 64 patients with cancer and bone metastases, on average (? s.d.) 39 ? 16% of the administered zoledronic acid dose was recovered in the urine within 24 hours, with only trace amounts of drug found in urine post-Day 2.
Toxicity There is no experience of acute overdose. Two patients received zoledronate (32 mg) over 5 minutes in clinical trials. Neither patient experienced any clinical or laboratory toxicity. Overdosage may cause clinically significant hypocalcemia, hypophosphatemia, and hypomagnesemia.
Affected organisms
  • Humans and other mammals
Interactions
Drug Interactions Not Available
Food Interactions Not Available
Farnesyl pyrophosphate synthetase
Name Farnesyl pyrophosphate synthetase
Gene Name FDPS
Pharmacological action yes
Actions inhibitor
References
  • Dunford JE, Thompson K, Coxon FP, Luckman SP, Hahn FM, Poulter CD, Ebetino FH, Rogers MJ: Structure-activity relationships for inhibition of farnesyl diphosphate synthase in vitro and inhibition of bone resorption in vivo by nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2001 Feb;296(2):235-42. - Pubmed
  • Glickman JF, Schmid A: Farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase: real-time kinetics and inhibition by nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates in a scintillation assay. Assay Drug Dev Technol. 2007 Apr;5(2):205-14. - Pubmed
  • Guo RT, Cao R, Liang PH, Ko TP, Chang TH, Hudock MP, Jeng WY, Chen CK, Zhang Y, Song Y, Kuo CJ, Yin F, Oldfield E, Wang AH: Bisphosphonates target multiple sites in both cis- and trans-prenyltransferases. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Jun 12;104(24):10022-7. Epub 2007 May 29. - Pubmed
  • Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 0.7439
Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthetase
Name Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthetase
Gene Name GGPS1
Pharmacological action yes
Actions inhibitor
References
  • Guo RT, Cao R, Liang PH, Ko TP, Chang TH, Hudock MP, Jeng WY, Chen CK, Zhang Y, Song Y, Kuo CJ, Yin F, Oldfield E, Wang AH: Bisphosphonates target multiple sites in both cis- and trans-prenyltransferases. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Jun 12;104(24):10022-7. Epub 2007 May 29. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 1.1919
Hydroxyapatite
Name Hydroxyapatite
Gene Name Not Available
Pharmacological action yes
Actions antagonist
References
  • Jahnke W, Henry C: An in vitro assay to measure targeted drug delivery to bone mineral. ChemMedChem. 2010 May 3;5(5):770-6. - Pubmed
  • Nancollas GH, Tang R, Phipps RJ, Henneman Z, Gulde S, Wu W, Mangood A, Russell RG, Ebetino FH: Novel insights into actions of bisphosphonates on bone: differences in interactions with hydroxyapatite. Bone. 2006 May;38(5):617-27. Epub 2005 Jul 20. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score Not Available
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 1
Name Multidrug resistance-associated protein 1
Gene Name ABCC1
Actions substrate
References
  • Yildiz M, Celik-Ozenci C, Akan S, Akan I, Sati L, Demir R, Savas B, Ozben T, Samur M, Ozdogan M, Artac M, Bozcuk H: Zoledronic acid is synergic with vinblastine to induce apoptosis in a multidrug resistance protein-1 dependent way: an in vitro study. Cell Biol Int. 2006 Mar;30(3):278-82. Epub 2006 Feb 2. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 0.19
Id Partner name Gene Name Score
5744 Undecaprenyl pyrophosphate synthetase uppS 0.2021
6548 4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-enyl diphosphate reductase ispH 0.1364
6596 Short-chain Z-isoprenyl diphosphate synthetase Rv1086 0.0883
6576 Geranylgeranyl transferase type-2 subunit beta RABGGTB 0.0765
6575 Geranylgeranyl transferase type-2 subunit alpha RABGGTA 0.0765
6547 Isopentenyl-diphosphate Delta-isomerase 1 IDI1 0.0696
4128 Protein farnesyltransferase subunit beta FNTB 0.0638
4129 Protein farnesyltransferase/geranylgeranyltransferase type I alpha subunit FNTA 0.0626
6597 Mevalonate kinase MVK 0.0565
3188 IspD/ispF bifunctional enzyme [Includes: 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4- phosphate cytidylyltransferase ispDF 0.0541
6647 Geranyltranstransferase (Farnesyldiphosphate synthase) ispA 0.0522
1994 Geranylgeranyl transferase type-1 subunit beta PGGT1B 0.0496
6540 Prenyltransferase Not Available 0.0468
6368 Dehydrosqualene synthase crtM 0.0454
2383 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 2,4-cyclodiphosphate synthase ispF 0.0434
2937 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 2,4-cyclodiphosphate synthase ispF 0.0434
4620 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 2,4-cyclodiphosphate synthase ispF 0.0434
6594 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 2,4-cyclodiphosphate synthase ispF 0.0434
6609 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 2,4-cyclodiphosphate synthase ispF 0.0434
6646 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 2,4-cyclodiphosphate synthase ispF 0.0434
1588 Multidrug resistance protein 1 ABCB1 0.0433
2756 Geranyltranstransferase ispA 0.042
6595 Lantibiotic nisin-Z nisZ 0.0395
290 Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 PTGS2 0.0382
6056 Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase epsilon PTPRE 0.0369
1376 Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 4 PTPN4 0.0369
1732 ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 2 ABCG2 0.0358
4512 Cytochrome P450 3A4 CYP3A4 0.0348
4284 Pentaerythritol tetranitrate reductase onr 0.0348
1735 Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1 ABCC2 0.0333
6055 Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase S PTPRS 0.0322
6574 GTPase KRas KRAS 0.0316
6057 V-type proton ATPase catalytic subunit A ATP6V1A 0.0301
817 DNA topoisomerase 2-alpha TOP2A 0.0229
4118 Cytochrome P450 3A5 CYP3A5 0.0216
4757 Cytochrome P450 2C9 CYP2C9 0.0213
776 Bile salt export pump ABCB11 0.0189
6139 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A2 SLCO1A2 0.0173
1709 Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 2 ABCC3 0.0172
4119 Cytochrome P450 2D6 CYP2D6 0.0169
2404 Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit gamma isoform PIK3CG 0.0164
6137 Multidrug resistance-associated protein 6 ABCC6 0.0162
4924 Cytochrome P450 2C8 CYP2C8 0.0161
1729 Solute carrier family 22 member 6 SLC22A6 0.0154
6107 Cytochrome P450 3A7 CYP3A7 0.0152
4200 Cytochrome P450 1A2 CYP1A2 0.0138
731 HIV-1 protease HIV-1 protease 0.0137
1490 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1 SLCO1B1 0.0136
3307 Acriflavine resistance protein B acrB 0.013
587 Serum albumin ALB 0.013
1632 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2B1 SLCO2B1 0.0128
2164 Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4 ABCC4 0.0127
6148 Multidrug resistance-associated protein 7 ABCC10 0.0125
6016 Cytochrome P450 2C19 CYP2C19 0.012
2331 HTH-type transcriptional regulator qacR qacR 0.0118
6461 HTH-type transcriptional regulator qacR qacR 0.0118
118 Organic cation/carnitine transporter 2 SLC22A5 0.0108
6030 Cytochrome P450 2B6 CYP2B6 0.0104
6599 HTH-type transcriptional regulator ttgR ttgR 0.01
6142 Solute carrier family 22 member 8 SLC22A8 0.0099
1898 Cytochrome P450 1B1 CYP1B1 0.0096
6143 Solute carrier family 22 member 7 SLC22A7 0.0095
6157 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B3 SLCO1B3 0.0093
588 Chromodomain-helicase-DNA-binding protein 1 CHD1 0.0091
1181 Alpha-1-acid glycoprotein 1 ORM1 0.0087
6144 Solute carrier family 22 member 2 SLC22A2 0.0087
6178 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B7 UGT2B7 0.0081
6339 Ig kappa chain V-II region RPMI 6410 Not Available 0.0081
6145 Solute carrier family 22 member 1 SLC22A1 0.0078
6013 Cytochrome P450 2E1 CYP2E1 0.0077
6147 Solute carrier family 22 member 3 SLC22A3 0.0076
161 Tubulin beta chain TUBB 0.0073
312 Tubulin beta chain TUB2 0.0073
6141 Sodium/bile acid cotransporter SLC10A1 0.0071
6022 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-1 UGT1A1 0.0068
6024 Cytochrome P450 1A1 CYP1A1 0.0068
29 Tubulin beta-1 chain TUBB1 0.0063
1024 Solute carrier family 22 member 11 SLC22A11 0.0063
723 Cytosolic phospholipase A2 PLA2G4A 0.006
6155 ATP-binding cassette transporter sub-family C member 11 ABCC11 0.0058
477 DNA topoisomerase 4 subunit A parC 0.0057
886 DNA topoisomerase 4 subunit A parC 0.0057
6226 DNA topoisomerase 4 subunit A parC 0.0057
6150 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 4C1 SLCO4C1 0.0057
6136 Multidrug resistance-associated protein 5 ABCC5 0.0057
404 DNA gyrase subunit A gyrA 0.0056
6224 DNA gyrase subunit A gyrA 0.0056
738 Monocarboxylate transporter 1 SLC16A1 0.0056
273 Apoptosis regulator Bcl-2 BCL2 0.0052
380 Cytochrome P450 17A1 CYP17A1 0.0051
6160 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 3A1 SLCO3A1 0.0051
6158 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1C1 SLCO1C1 0.0048
952 Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 DPP4 0.0047
833 Organic cation/carnitine transporter 1 SLC22A4 0.0046
461 Glycine receptor subunit alpha-3 GLRA3 0.0046
5924 Microtubule-associated protein 4 MAP4 0.0043
5923 Microtubule-associated protein tau MAPT 0.0043
614 Progesterone receptor PGR 0.0042
1050 Bile salt sulfotransferase SULT2A1 0.0041
698 B-Raf proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase BRAF 0.0041
1852 Microtubule-associated protein 2 MAP2 0.004
6085 Fatty acid-binding protein, intestinal FABP2 0.004
4238 50S ribosomal protein L4 rplD 0.0037
5578 50S ribosomal protein L4 rplD 0.0037
6173 50S ribosomal protein L4 rplD 0.0037
6219 50S ribosomal protein L4 rplD 0.0037
6138 Multidrug resistance protein 3 ABCB4 0.0037
5787 Angiopoietin-1 receptor TEK 0.0037
4192 DNA topoisomerase 2-beta TOP2B 0.0037
136 Estrogen receptor ESR1 0.0036
183 Vascular endothelial growth factor A VEGFA 0.0035
4237 50S ribosomal protein L22 rplV 0.0035
6140 Ileal sodium/bile acid cotransporter SLC10A2 0.0034
6104 Dimethylaniline monooxygenase [N-oxide-forming] 1 FMO1 0.0034
992 Protein tyrosine kinase 2 beta PTK2B 0.0034
4099 Gamma-aminobutyric-acid receptor subunit beta-3 GABRB3 0.0033
844 Epidermal growth factor receptor EGFR 0.0032
33 Cystine/glutamate transporter SLC7A11 0.0032
6018 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-9 UGT1A9 0.0032
6212 Tubulin gamma-1 chain TUBG1 0.0032
6210 Tubulin delta chain TUBD1 0.0032
6211 Tubulin epsilon chain TUBE1 0.0032
4604 Liver carboxylesterase 1 CES1 0.0031
631 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase HMGCR 0.003
3387 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase mvaA 0.003
20 Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1 PTGS1 0.003
2184 Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator CFTR 0.0029
373 Transthyretin TTR 0.0029
6101 Dimethylaniline monooxygenase [N-oxide-forming] 3 FMO3 0.0029
6149 Solute carrier family 22 member 10 SLC22A10 0.0028
4120 NADPH--cytochrome P450 reductase POR 0.0027
6167 Organic solute transporter subunit beta OSTB 0.0027
6166 Organic solute transporter subunit alpha OSTA 0.0027
489 Monocarboxylate transporter 2 SLC16A7 0.0026
3587 Gastrotropin FABP6 0.0026
871 Glucocorticoid receptor NR3C1 0.0026
6836 3-hydroxyisobutyryl-CoA hydrolase, mitochondrial HIBCH 0.0026
6837 Serine/threonine-protein kinase 17B STK17B 0.0026
2539 Tubulin alpha-1 chain TUBA4A 0.0026
1629 Transcription factor AP-1 JUN 0.0025
1284 Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 2 NR1I2 0.0025
6228 Nuclear receptor coactivator 1 NCOA1 0.0024
6241 Nuclear receptor coactivator 2 NCOA2 0.0024
342 P protein [Includes: DNA-directed DNA polymerase P 0.0024
612 P protein [Includes: DNA-directed DNA polymerase P 0.0024
3947 Xanthine dehydrogenase/oxidase XDH 0.0023
2449 Tubulin alpha-3 chain TUBA1A 0.0023
908 Glutathione S-transferase theta-1 GSTT1 0.0023
677 Choline-phosphate cytidylyltransferase A PCYT1A 0.0023
6656 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 3A1 UGT3A1 0.0023
102 DNA topoisomerase I, mitochondrial TOP1MT 0.0023
869 Estrogen receptor beta ESR2 0.0022
5718 Cytochrome P450 2A6 CYP2A6 0.0022
6153 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 4A1 SLCO4A1 0.0022
6106 Cytochrome P450 2C18 CYP2C18 0.0022
2981 Phospholipase A2, membrane associated PLA2G2A 0.0021
702 UMP-CMP kinase CMPK1 0.0021
5626 Nucleoside diphosphate kinase B NME2 0.0021
781 ATP-sensitive inward rectifier potassium channel 11 KCNJ11 0.0021
6176 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-3 UGT1A3 0.002
2021 Thrombomodulin THBD 0.002
2599 Tyrosine-protein kinase HCK HCK 0.002
468 Cytochrome P450 4A11 CYP4A11 0.002
3961 G protein-activated inward rectifier potassium channel 4 KCNJ5 0.0019
3868 Calcineurin subunit B isoform 2 PPP3R2 0.0019
421 Calcium signal-modulating cyclophilin ligand CAMLG 0.0019
1353 DNA topoisomerase 1 TOP1 0.0019
3552 DNA topoisomerase 1 topA 0.0019
904 Glutathione S-transferase P GSTP1 0.0019
6343 ATP synthase subunit beta, mitochondrial ATP5B 0.0019
6342 ATP synthase subunit alpha, mitochondrial ATP5A1 0.0019
6344 ATP synthase subunit gamma, mitochondrial ATP5C1 0.0019
1313 Lactoylglutathione lyase GLO1 0.0019
238 Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma PPARG 0.0017
5294 Nucleoside diphosphate kinase A NME1 0.0017
4773 Deoxycytidine kinase DCK 0.0017
6172 ATP-binding cassette sub-family B member 8, mitochondrial ABCB8 0.0017
521 ATP-binding cassette transporter sub-family C member 9 ABCC9 0.0017
6218 Pannexin-1 PANX1 0.0017
6259 (3R)-hydroxymyristoyl-acyl carrier protein dehydratase fabZ 0.0016
132 ATP-binding cassette sub-family A member 1 ABCA1 0.0015
1524 Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase A PPIA 0.0015
6700 Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase A ppiA 0.0015
6042 Prostaglandin reductase 2 PTGR2 0.0015
5818 Folate receptor alpha FOLR1 0.0015
6220 Aryl hydrocarbon receptor AHR 0.0015
337 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 7, mitochondrial NDUFS7 0.0014
214 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 3, mitochondrial NDUFS3 0.0014
803 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 2, mitochondrial NDUFS2 0.0014
6017 Cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme, mitochondrial CYP11A1 0.0014
2391 Ferrochelatase hemH 0.0014
6502 Ferrochelatase DKFZp686P18130 0.0014
1591 Ferrochelatase, mitochondrial FECH 0.0014
6168 Solute carrier family 22 member 16 SLC22A16 0.0014
6206 DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit beta' rpoC 0.0014
2347 Proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase Pim-1 PIM1 0.0014
1792 Tissue-type plasminogen activator PLAT 0.0014
6861 Alcohol dehydrogenase [NADP+] AKR1A1 0.0014
6043 Putative G-protein coupled receptor 44 GPR44 0.0014
389 Amiloride-sensitive cation channel 2, neuronal ACCN2 0.0014
6180 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B4 UGT2B4 0.0013
4162 Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 3 KCNQ3 0.0013
284 DNA-directed RNA polymerase beta chain rpoB 0.0013
5773 DNA-directed RNA polymerase beta chain rpoB 0.0013
293 Gamma-glutamyl hydrolase GGH 0.0013
737 Mineralocorticoid receptor NR3C2 0.0012
709 ATP-sensitive inward rectifier potassium channel 1 KCNJ1 0.0012
1086 Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 2 KCNQ2 0.0012
6495 Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7C, mitochondrial COX7C 0.0012
6497 Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6A2, mitochondrial COX6A2 0.0012
6493 Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6C COX6C 0.0012
6494 Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7B, mitochondrial COX7B 0.0012
6498 Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6B1 COX6B1 0.0012
6496 Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 8A, mitochondrial COX8A 0.0012
6499 Cytochrome c oxidase polypeptide 7A1, mitochondrial COX7A1 0.0012
6491 Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5A, mitochondrial COX5A 0.0012
6490 Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 3 MT-CO3 0.0012
6489 Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4 isoform 1, mitochondrial COX4I1 0.0012
5793 Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 2 MT-CO2 0.0012
6559 Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 2 ctaC 0.0012
6669 Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 2 ctaC 0.0012
371 Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 MT-CO1 0.0012
6558 Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 ctaD 0.0012
3804 Sodium channel protein type 4 subunit alpha SCN4A 0.0012
230 ATP-binding cassette transporter sub-family C member 8 ABCC8 0.0012
3923 Cholinesterase BCHE 0.0012
5251 Carbonyl reductase [NADPH] 1 CBR1 0.0012
1650 Heme carrier protein 1 SLC46A1 0.0011
773 Folylpolyglutamate synthase, mitochondrial FPGS 0.0011
2540 Choloylglycine hydrolase cbh 0.0011
650 Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C3 AKR1C3 0.0011
3811 Cytochrome P450 19A1 CYP19A1 0.0011
6501 Fatty acid-binding protein, liver FABP1 0.0011
3810 Catechol O-methyltransferase COMT 0.0011
2287 Bifunctional purine biosynthesis protein PURH [Includes: Phosphoribosylaminoimidazolecarboxamide formyltransferase ATIC 0.001
6031 Cytochrome P450 3A43 CYP3A43 0.001
2157 NAD(P)H dehydrogenase [quinone] 1 NQO1 0.001
275 Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase ALOX5 0.001
1928 Leukotriene C4 synthase LTC4S 0.001
4043 Glutaredoxin-2, mitochondrial GLRX2 0.001
4034 Glutaredoxin-1 GLRX 0.001
910 Epididymal secretory glutathione peroxidase GPX5 0.001
4036 Glutathione peroxidase 6 GPX6 0.001
4037 Hypothetical protein GPX1 0.001
4297 Hypothetical protein SP_1951 0.001
4521 Hypothetical protein BC_2969 0.001
4540 Hypothetical protein TM_1070 0.001
4555 Hypothetical protein MT1739 0.001
4569 Hypothetical protein mshD 0.001
4578 Hypothetical protein PA3270 0.001
4747 Hypothetical protein PA3967 0.001
5177 Hypothetical protein TM_0096 0.001
5194 Hypothetical protein PA1204 0.001
5240 Hypothetical protein Rv2991 0.001
5370 Hypothetical protein TM_1158 0.001
5710 Hypothetical protein Tb927.5.1360 0.001
4029 Microsomal glutathione S-transferase 3 MGST3 0.001
900 Glutathione S-transferase A4 GSTA4 0.001
4030 Thioredoxin domain-containing protein 12 TXNDC12 0.001
911 Glutathione peroxidase 3 GPX3 0.001
4040 Glutathione peroxidase 7 GPX7 0.001
907 Glutathione peroxidase 2 GPX2 0.001
4032 Microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1 MGST1 0.001
906 Glutathione peroxidase 1 GPX1 0.001
4039 CDNA FLJ23636 fis, clone CAS07176 GPX8 0.001
4035 Glutathione S-transferase Mu 5 GSTM5 0.001
903 Glutathione S-transferase A5 GSTA5 0.001
4042 Glutathione transferase omega-2 GSTO2 0.001
4033 S-formylglutathione hydrolase ESD 0.001
4038 Glutathione peroxidase 4 GPX4 0.001
1975 Phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase, mitochondrial GPX4 0.001
1056 Gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase 1 GGT1 0.001
3809 Estrogen-related receptor gamma ESRRG 0.001
76 Nitric-oxide synthase, brain NOS1 0.001
6040 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, decarboxylating PGD 0.0009
3917 Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase MTHFR 0.0009
1974 Oligopeptide transporter, kidney isoform SLC15A2 0.0009
6152 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2A1 SLCO2A1 0.0009
3319 Hydroxyacylglutathione hydrolase HAGH 0.0009
6500 Phospholipase A2 PLA2G1B 0.0009
898 Glutathione S-transferase A3 GSTA3 0.0009
897 Glutathione S-transferase kappa 1 GSTK1 0.0009
4112 Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-4 CACNB4 0.0009
4114 Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-3 CACNB3 0.0009
1539 Oligopeptide transporter, small intestine isoform SLC15A1 0.0009
6020 Aldehyde oxidase AOX1 0.0009
909 Maleylacetoacetate isomerase GSTZ1 0.0009
7 Nitric oxide synthase, inducible NOS2 0.0009
392 Voltage-dependent P/Q-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1A CACNA1A 0.0008
24 Thymidylate synthase TMP1 0.0008
359 Thymidylate synthase TYMS 0.0008
2626 Thymidylate synthase thyA 0.0008
2729 Thymidylate synthase thyA 0.0008
5352 Thymidylate synthase THYA 0.0008
899 Glutathione S-transferase Mu 3 GSTM3 0.0008
905 Glutathione transferase omega-1 GSTO1 0.0008
291 Nitric-oxide synthase, endothelial NOS3 0.0008
3970 Voltage-dependent N-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1B CACNA1B 0.0008
4041 Microsomal glutathione S-transferase 2 MGST2 0.0008
4113 Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1F CACNA1F 0.0008
365 Dihydrofolate reductase DHFR 0.0008
2381 Dihydrofolate reductase DFR1 0.0008
2833 Dihydrofolate reductase Not Available 0.0008
2931 Dihydrofolate reductase folA 0.0008
3544 Dihydrofolate reductase folA 0.0008
3682 Dihydrofolate reductase folA 0.0008
6642 Dihydrofolate reductase folA 0.0008
6756 Dihydrofolate reductase dfrA 0.0008
15 Voltage-dependent T-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1I CACNA1I 0.0008
333 Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-1 CACNB1 0.0008
4095 Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-7 CHRNA7 0.0008
947 Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-4 CHRNA4 0.0008
918 Glutamate receptor, ionotropic kainate 2 GRIK2 0.0008
2165 Glutathione S-transferase Mu 2 GSTM2 0.0008
517 Alcohol dehydrogenase 1C ADH1C 0.0008
535 Voltage-dependent T-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1G CACNA1G 0.0008
207 Glutathione synthetase GSS 0.0008
5269 Glutathione synthetase gshB 0.0008
901 Glutathione S-transferase Mu 4 GSTM4 0.0007
921 Glutamate receptor 2 GRIA2 0.0007
841 Gamma-aminobutyric-acid receptor subunit alpha-6 GABRA6 0.0007
530 Gamma-aminobutyric-acid receptor subunit alpha-4 GABRA4 0.0007
4110 Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-2 CACNB2 0.0007
580 Gamma-aminobutyric-acid receptor subunit alpha-3 GABRA3 0.0007
4115 Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D CACNA1D 0.0007
523 Gamma-aminobutyric-acid receptor subunit alpha-5 GABRA5 0.0007
4111 Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1S CACNA1S 0.0007
423 Gamma-aminobutyric-acid receptor subunit alpha-2 GABRA2 0.0007
2101 Glutathione-requiring prostaglandin D synthase HPGDS 0.0007
478 Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C CACNA1C 0.0007
4031 Glutathione S-transferase A1 GSTA1 0.0007
3932 Glutathione S-transferase A2 GSTA2 0.0007
714 Glutathione reductase, mitochondrial GSR 0.0006
872 Gamma-aminobutyric-acid receptor subunit alpha-1 GABRA1 0.0006
101 Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2 KCNH2 0.0006
896 Glutathione S-transferase Mu 1 GSTM1 0.0006
220 Sodium channel protein type 5 subunit alpha SCN5A 0.0006
824 Sodium-dependent serotonin transporter SLC6A4 0.0005