DT-Web

DB03904 - Urea


Identification
Name Urea
Accession Number DB03904 (EXPT03203)
Type small molecule
Description A compound formed in the liver from ammonia produced by the deamination of amino acids. It is the principal end product of protein catabolism and constitutes about one half of the total urinary solids. [PubChem]
Structure
MOL SDF PDB SMILES InChI
Categories (*)
Molecular Weight 60.0553
Groups experimental
Monoisotopic Weight 60.03236276
Pharmacology
Indication
  • 10% hydrate skin
  • 15% accelerate fibrin degradation
  • 20-30% are antipruritic, break down keratin, decrease the thickness of the stratum corneum and are used in scaling conditions such as ichthysosis
  • 40% are proteolytic and may be used to dissolve and peel dystrophic nails

[Patient Self Care, 2010]
Mechanism of action Not Available
Absorption Not Available
Protein binding Not Available
Biotransformation Not Available
Route of elimination Not Available
Toxicity Not Available
Affected organisms Not Available
Interactions
Drug Interactions
Drug Mechanism of interaction
Treprostinil Additive hypotensive effect. Monitor antihypertensive therapy during concomitant use.
Food Interactions Not Available

Targets


Arginase-1
Name Arginase-1
Gene Name ARG1
Pharmacological action unknown
Actions Not Available
References
  • Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. - Pubmed
  • Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. - Pubmed
  • Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE: The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 1.8279
Carbonic anhydrase 2
Name Carbonic anhydrase 2
Gene Name CA2
Pharmacological action unknown
Actions Not Available
References
  • Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. - Pubmed
  • Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 1.7147
Structural polyprotein
Name Structural polyprotein
Gene Name Not Available
Pharmacological action unknown
Actions Not Available
References
  • Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. - Pubmed
  • Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 1.0046
Catenin beta-1
Name Catenin beta-1
Gene Name CTNNB1
Pharmacological action unknown
Actions Not Available
References
  • Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. - Pubmed
  • Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. - Pubmed
  • Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE: The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 1.0048
UPF0190 protein yedY
Name UPF0190 protein yedY
Gene Name yedY
Pharmacological action unknown
Actions Not Available
References
  • Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. - Pubmed
  • Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 1.0049
Dihydrofolate reductase
Name Dihydrofolate reductase
Gene Name folA
Pharmacological action unknown
Actions Not Available
References
  • Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. - Pubmed
  • Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 0.0029

Transporters


Urea Transporter 2
Name Urea Transporter 2
Gene Name Not Available
Actions substrate
References
  • Wall SM, Han JS, Chou CL, Knepper MA: Kinetics of urea and water permeability activation by vasopressin in rat terminal IMCD. Am J Physiol. 1992 Jun;262(6 Pt 2):F989-98. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score Not Available
Urea Transporter 1
Name Urea Transporter 1
Gene Name Not Available
Actions substrate
References
  • Ripoche P, Rousselet G: [Urea transporters]. Nephrologie. 1996;17(7):383-8. - Pubmed
  • Olives B, Mattei MG, Huet M, Neau P, Martial S, Cartron JP, Bailly P: Kidd blood group and urea transport function of human erythrocytes are carried by the same protein. J Biol Chem. 1995 Jun 30;270(26):15607-10. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score Not Available

Predictions


Id Partner name Gene Name Score
3352 Structural polyprotein Not Available 1.0046
4892 Structural polyprotein Not Available 1.0046
4582 Putative pteridine reductase 2 ptr2 0.1619
3193 Serine hydroxymethyltransferase glyA 0.1563
3342 Serine hydroxymethyltransferase glyA 0.1563
2636 Shikimate dehydrogenase aroE 0.1199
3515 Shikimate dehydrogenase aroE 0.1199
834 Arginase-2, mitochondrial ARG2 0.0915
295 Carbonic anhydrase 1 CA1 0.0835
5682 Ribonuclease pancreatic RNASE1 0.0602
592 Carbonic anhydrase 4 CA4 0.0461
2617 Nitric oxide synthase oxygenase nos 0.0369
2701 Nitric oxide synthase oxygenase nos 0.0369
76 Nitric-oxide synthase, brain NOS1 0.0267
6123 Carbonic anhydrase 5A, mitochondrial CA5A 0.0209
7 Nitric oxide synthase, inducible NOS2 0.0207
291 Nitric-oxide synthase, endothelial NOS3 0.0206
3623 Divalent-cation tolerance protein cutA cutA 0.0206
466 Solute carrier family 12 member 3 SLC12A3 0.0202
558 Solute carrier family 12 member 1 SLC12A1 0.0157
6126 Carbonic anhydrase 7 CA7 0.0154
5691 DTDP-4-DEHYDRORHAMNOSE 3,5-EPIMERASE RMLC rmlC 0.0152
5694 Transcription antiterminator licT licT 0.0152
3361 Serpin B5 SERPINB5 0.0152
3226 UPF0234 protein HI1034 HI_1034 0.0135
3384 Macrophage migration inhibitory factor MIF 0.0132
3981 Ornithine decarboxylase antizyme 3 OAZ3 0.0127
3980 Ornithine decarboxylase antizyme 2 OAZ2 0.0127
410 Ornithine decarboxylase antizyme OAZ1 0.0126
224 Mitochondrial ornithine transporter 1 SLC25A15 0.0126
285 Mitochondrial ornithine transporter 2 SLC25A2 0.0126
1729 Solute carrier family 22 member 6 SLC22A6 0.0125
3007 Carbonic anhydrase 12 CA12 0.0117
4205 Carbonic anhydrase 9 CA9 0.0117
4534 Cytohesin-2 CYTH2 0.0115
619 Low-affinity cationic amino acid transporter 2 SLC7A2 0.0109
3105 M-phase inducer phosphatase 2 CDC25B 0.0108
336 Ornithine carbamoyltransferase, mitochondrial OTC 0.0108
3668 Maltose-binding periplasmic protein precursor malE 0.0105
383 Glycine amidinotransferase, mitochondrial GATM 0.0105
610 Calcium-activated potassium channel subunit alpha 1 KCNMA1 0.0105
472 Ornithine aminotransferase, mitochondrial OAT 0.0104
150 Cationic amino acid transporter 3 SLC7A3 0.01
235 High-affinity cationic amino acid transporter 1 SLC7A1 0.01
58 Cationic amino acid transporter 4 SLC7A4 0.01
2592 Beta-galactosidase lacZ 0.0093
5692 Calcium/calmodulin-dependent 3',5'-cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase 1B PDE1B 0.0082
2347 Proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase Pim-1 PIM1 0.008
6263 cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha PRKACA 0.008
806 Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase alpha-1 chain ATP1A1 0.0073
4512 Cytochrome P450 3A4 CYP3A4 0.0067
1405 Thiopurine S-methyltransferase TPMT 0.0066
24 Thymidylate synthase TMP1 0.0066
359 Thymidylate synthase TYMS 0.0066
2626 Thymidylate synthase thyA 0.0066
2729 Thymidylate synthase thyA 0.0066
5352 Thymidylate synthase THYA 0.0066
541 cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4B PDE4B 0.0063
5346 Oxidoreductase, aldo/keto reductase family TM_1009 0.0062
4403 Protein iolS iolS 0.0062
5326 Oxidoreductase, short chain dehydrogenase/reductase family TM_0441 0.0062
5322 Oxidoreductase ydhF ydhF 0.0062
5333 Alcohol dehydrogenase, iron-containing TM_0920 0.0062
3772 3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase fabG 0.0062
5157 Dehydrogenase/reductase SDR family member 11 DHRS11 0.0062
5343 NADP-dependent fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase aldH 0.0062
5332 MtdA bifunctional protein mtdA 0.0062
5330 General stress protein 69 yhdN 0.0062
5342 NADH-dependent butanol dehydrogenase, putative TM_0820 0.0062
3778 NAD(P) transhydrogenase subunit beta pntB 0.0062
253 Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase gamma chain FXYD2 0.0061
4531 Putative ketoacyl reductase actIII 0.0056
989 L-xylulose reductase DCXR 0.0054
4484 2,5-diketo-D-gluconic acid reductase A dkgA 0.0054
5073 Ferredoxin--NADP reductase petH 0.0054
5076 Ferredoxin--NADP reductase fpr 0.0054
5119 Ferredoxin--NADP reductase petH 0.0054
5121 Ferredoxin--NADP reductase fpr 0.0054
5328 Prostaglandin F synthase Tb11.02.2310 0.0054
4628 NADP-dependent glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase gapN 0.0054
729 GDP-L-fucose synthetase TSTA3 0.0054
3463 GDP-L-fucose synthetase fcl 0.0054
2375 ADP-L-glycero-D-manno-heptose-6-epimerase hldD 0.0054
5075 Sulfite reductase [NADPH] flavoprotein alpha-component cysJ 0.0054
3446 NADP-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase adh 0.0054
2305 Isocitrate dehydrogenase [NADP] cytoplasmic IDH1 0.0054
2286 Isocitrate dehydrogenase [NADP] icd 0.0054
2302 Isocitrate dehydrogenase [NADP] icd 0.0054
2771 Isocitrate dehydrogenase [NADP] icd 0.0054
1799 Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase G6PD 0.0054
2630 Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase zwf 0.0054
6131 Carbonic anhydrase 14 CA14 0.0052
6122 Carbonic anhydrase 3 CA3 0.0051
6862 Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10 AKR1B10 0.005
6297 Prostaglandin reductase 1 PTGR1 0.005
3062 Aspartate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase asd 0.005
4757 Cytochrome P450 2C9 CYP2C9 0.0049
1124 Sepiapterin reductase SPR 0.0047
5325 2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase, mitochondrial DECR1 0.0047
2675 Pteridine reductase 1 PTR1 0.0047
3573 2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase [NADPH] fadH 0.0047
310 Solute carrier family 12 member 2 SLC12A2 0.0046
635 Estradiol 17-beta-dehydrogenase 8 HSD17B8 0.0045
666 NADP-dependent malic enzyme ME1 0.0045
646 Malate dehydrogenase, cytoplasmic MDH1 0.0044
11 NAD(P) transhydrogenase, mitochondrial NNT 0.0044
2159 Quinone oxidoreductase CRYZ 0.0043
679 C-1-tetrahydrofolate synthase, cytoplasmic MTHFD1 0.0039
686 Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C2 AKR1C2 0.0039
6861 Alcohol dehydrogenase [NADP+] AKR1A1 0.0039
654 Flavin reductase BLVRB 0.0038
158 Sodium channel protein type 1 subunit alpha SCN1A 0.0036
139 Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C1 AKR1C1 0.0035
217 Estradiol 17-beta-dehydrogenase 1 HSD17B1 0.0035
444 Alcohol dehydrogenase 1B ADH1B 0.0035
382 Glutamate receptor, ionotropic kainate 1 GRIK1 0.0033
650 Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C3 AKR1C3 0.0033
364 Corticosteroid 11-beta-dehydrogenase isozyme 1 HSD11B1 0.0033
1025 Aquaporin-1 AQP1 0.0032
822 Aldose reductase AKR1B1 0.0031
365 Dihydrofolate reductase DHFR 0.0029
2381 Dihydrofolate reductase DFR1 0.0029
2833 Dihydrofolate reductase Not Available 0.0029
2931 Dihydrofolate reductase folA 0.0029
3544 Dihydrofolate reductase folA 0.0029
6642 Dihydrofolate reductase folA 0.0029
6756 Dihydrofolate reductase dfrA 0.0029
631 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase HMGCR 0.0029
3387 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase mvaA 0.0029
3426 Glutamine synthetase glnA 0.0028
3987 Glutamine synthetase GLUL 0.0028
4120 NADPH--cytochrome P450 reductase POR 0.0028
6016 Cytochrome P450 2C19 CYP2C19 0.0028
781 ATP-sensitive inward rectifier potassium channel 11 KCNJ11 0.0028
6124 Carbonic anhydrase 5B, mitochondrial CA5B 0.0025
1024 Solute carrier family 22 member 11 SLC22A11 0.0022
6040 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, decarboxylating PGD 0.002
6152 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2A1 SLCO2A1 0.002
872 Gamma-aminobutyric-acid receptor subunit alpha-1 GABRA1 0.0017
6013 Cytochrome P450 2E1 CYP2E1 0.0017
997 Protein kinase C beta type PRKCB 0.0015
2408 Tyrosine-protein kinase SYK SYK 0.0014
118 Organic cation/carnitine transporter 2 SLC22A5 0.0013
1970 Protein kinase C alpha type PRKCA 0.0013
6142 Solute carrier family 22 member 8 SLC22A8 0.0013
1735 Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1 ABCC2 0.0012
634 Squalene monooxygenase SQLE 0.0012
7196 Squalene monooxygenase ERG1 0.0012
587 Serum albumin ALB 0.0012
2236 Casein kinase II subunit alpha CSNK2A1 0.0011
4119 Cytochrome P450 2D6 CYP2D6 0.001
6130 Carbonic anhydrase 13 CA13 0.0009
3803 Sodium channel protein type 3 subunit alpha SCN3A 0.0009
6127 Carbonic anhydrase-related protein CA8 0.0009
6129 Carbonic anhydrase-related protein 11 CA11 0.0009
6128 Carbonic anhydrase-related protein 10 CA10 0.0009
6135 Sodium channel subunit beta-4 SCN4B 0.0009
6133 Sodium channel subunit beta-2 SCN2B 0.0009
6134 Sodium channel subunit beta-3 SCN3B 0.0009
6132 Sodium channel subunit beta-1 SCN1B 0.0009
4037 Hypothetical protein GPX1 0.0008
4297 Hypothetical protein SP_1951 0.0008
4521 Hypothetical protein BC_2969 0.0008
4540 Hypothetical protein TM_1070 0.0008
4555 Hypothetical protein MT1739 0.0008
4569 Hypothetical protein mshD 0.0008
4578 Hypothetical protein PA3270 0.0008
4747 Hypothetical protein PA3967 0.0008
5177 Hypothetical protein TM_0096 0.0008
5194 Hypothetical protein PA1204 0.0008
5240 Hypothetical protein Rv2991 0.0008
5370 Hypothetical protein TM_1158 0.0008
5710 Hypothetical protein Tb927.5.1360 0.0008
4527 Putative hydrolase ycdX ycdX 0.0008
4536 Transcriptional regulator, IclR family TM_0065 0.0008
2501 Protein ygbM ygbM 0.0008
4545 Molybdopterin-converting factor subunit 2 moaE 0.0008
4522 Arginine N-succinyltransferase subunit alpha astA 0.0008
4106 Guanylate kinase GUK1 0.0008
4516 Guanylate kinase gmk 0.0008
4538 Hypothetical protein VC1899 VC_1899 0.0008
4529 Oxalate decarboxylase oxdC oxdC 0.0008
4514 Citrate lyase beta subunit-like protein citE 0.0008
4781 Citrate lyase beta subunit-like protein DR_1240 0.0008
4526 Oligopeptide ABC transporter, periplasmic oligopeptide-binding protein TM_1223 0.0008
4524 Mannose-6-phosphate isomerase yvyI 0.0008
4535 Glutaconyl-CoA decarboxylase subunit alpha gcdA 0.0008
4547 Iron binding protein FbpA fbpA 0.0008
4548 Gyrase B gyrB 0.0008
4546 Aminotransferase, putative TM_1131 0.0008
658 Para-aminobenzoate synthase component 1 pabB 0.0008
4515 Peripheral plasma membrane protein CASK CASK 0.0008
215 Sodium channel protein type 11 subunit alpha SCN11A 0.0008
4496 C-terminal-binding protein 1 CTBP1 0.0008
1995 Sodium channel protein type 9 subunit alpha SCN9A 0.0007
4517 Probable butyrate kinase 2 buk2 0.0007
3261 Signal recognition particle protein ffh 0.0007
4528 Phenazine biosynthesis protein PhzD phzD1 0.0007
4533 Glyoxalase family protein BC_1747 0.0007
56 Delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase ALAD 0.0007
2356 Delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase hemB 0.0007
3613 Delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase hemB 0.0007
3674 Delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase hemB 0.0007
3759 Glutathione S-transferase gst 0.0007
4541 Glutathione S-transferase GST 0.0007
4542 Glutaminase 1 glsA1 0.0007
4544 Glutaminase 1 glsA1 0.0007
2929 (S)-2-haloacid dehalogenase dhlB 0.0007
2995 (S)-2-haloacid dehalogenase Not Available 0.0007
3237 Beta-lactamase OXA-2 bla 0.0007
4532 Gephyrin GPHN 0.0007
3802 Sodium channel protein type 2 subunit alpha SCN2A 0.0007
2230 Catalase CAT 0.0007
3249 Catalase katA 0.0007
3625 Catalase katA 0.0007
4539 Catalase katA 0.0007
4941 Catalase katB 0.0007
2775 Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase pyrD 0.0007
3804 Sodium channel protein type 4 subunit alpha SCN4A 0.0007
3467 Methylglyoxal synthase mgsA 0.0007
3583 6-phosphogluconolactonase pgl 0.0007
15 Voltage-dependent T-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1I CACNA1I 0.0006
2525 3-phosphoshikimate 1-carboxyvinyltransferase aroA 0.0006
3201 3-phosphoshikimate 1-carboxyvinyltransferase aroA 0.0006
535 Voltage-dependent T-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1G CACNA1G 0.0006
2688 Peptide deformylase def 0.0006
2708 Peptide deformylase def 0.0006
3004 Peptide deformylase def 0.0006
4337 Peptide deformylase def 0.0006
4338 Peptide deformylase def 0.0006
5368 Peptide deformylase def 0.0006
5371 Peptide deformylase def 0.0006
6375 Peptide deformylase def 0.0006
6378 Peptide deformylase def 0.0006
6379 Peptide deformylase def 0.0006
6776 Peptide deformylase def 0.0006
6900 Peptide deformylase def 0.0006
6024 Cytochrome P450 1A1 CYP1A1 0.0006
2548 Subtilisin Carlsberg apr 0.0006
4269 Hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase, putative HGPRTase 0.0006
964 Voltage-dependent T-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1H CACNA1H 0.0006
6020 Aldehyde oxidase AOX1 0.0005
3939 Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B MAOB 0.0005
760 Fibroblast growth factor 1 FGF1 0.0005
810 Heme oxygenase 1 HMOX1 0.0005
3391 Heme oxygenase 1 pbsA1 0.0005
3027 Streptavidin Not Available 0.0005
3941 Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A MAOA 0.0005
500 Monocarboxylate transporter 4 SLC16A3 0.0005
220 Sodium channel protein type 5 subunit alpha SCN5A 0.0004
↑