DT-Web

DB00770 - Alprostadil


Identification
Name Alprostadil
Accession Number DB00770 (APRD00785)
Type small molecule
Description Alprostadil is produced endogenously and causes vasodilation by means of a direct effect on vascular and ductus arteriosus (DA) smooth muscle, preventing or reversing the functional closure of the DA that occurs shortly after birth. This results in increased pulmonary or systemic blood flow in infants. In infants, it is used for palliative, not definitive, therapy to temporarily maintain the patency of the ductus arteriosus until corrective or palliative surgery can be performed in neonates who have congenital heart defects and who depend upon the patent ductus for survival. In adults, it is used for the treatment of erectile dysfunction due to neurogenic, vasculogenic, psychogenic, or mixed etiology.
Structure
MOL SDF PDB SMILES InChI
Categories (*)
Molecular Weight 354.481
Groups approved
Monoisotopic Weight 354.240624198
Pharmacology
Indication For palliative, not definitive, therapy to temporarily maintain the patency of the ductus arteriosus until corrective or palliative surgery can be performed in neonates who have congenital heart defects and who depend upon the patent ductus for survival. Also for the treatment of erectile dysfunction due to neurogenic, vasculogenic, psychogenic, or mixed etiology.
Mechanism of action Alprostadil causes vasodilation by means of a direct effect on vascular and ductus arteriosus (DA) smooth muscle, preventing or reversing the functional closure of the DA that occurs shortly after birth. This is because, as a form of prostaglandinE1 (PGE1) it has multiple effects on blood flow. This results in increased pulmonary or systemic blood flow in infants. In cyanotic congenital heart disease, alprostadil's actions result in an increased oxygen supply to the tissues. In infants with interrupted aortic arch or very severe aortic coarctation, alprostadil maintains distal aortic perfusion by permitting blood flow through the DA from the pulmonary artery to the aorta. In infants with aortic coarctation, alprostadil reduces aortic obstruction either by relaxing ductus tissue in the aortic wall or by increasing effective aortic diameter by dilating the DA. In infants with these aortic arch anomalies, systemic blood flow to the lower body is increased, improving tissue oxygen supply and renal perfusion. When administered by intracavernosal injection or as an intraurethral suppository, alprostadil acts locally to relax the trabecular smooth muscle of the corpora cavernosa and the cavernosal arteries. Swelling, elongation, and rigidity of the penis result when arterial blood rapidly flows into the corpus cavernosum to expand the lacunar spaces. The entrapped blood reduces the venous blood outflow as sinusoids compress against the tunica albuginea.
Absorption The absolute bioavailability of alprostadil has not been determined.
Protein binding Bound in plasma primarily to albumin (81% bound) and to a lesser extent alpha-globulin IV-4 fraction (55% bound).
Biotransformation Alprostadil must be infused continuously because it is very rapidly metabolized. As much as 80% of the circulating alprostadil may be metabolized in one pass through the lungs, primarily by beta- and omega-oxidation.
Route of elimination Alprostadil must be infused continuously because it is very rapidly metabolized. As much as 80% of the circulating alprostadil may be metabolized in one pass through the lungs, primarily by ?- and ?-oxidation. The metabolites are excreted primarily by the kidney, and excretion is essentially complete within 24 hours after administration.
Toxicity Oral, mouse: LD50 = 186 mg/kg; Oral, rat: LD50 = 228 mg/kg. Apnea, bradycardia, pyrexia, hypotension, and flushing may be signs of drug overdosage.
Affected organisms
  • Humans and other mammals
Interactions
Drug Interactions Not Available
Food Interactions Not Available

Targets


Prostaglandin E2 receptor, EP2 subtype
Name Prostaglandin E2 receptor, EP2 subtype
Gene Name PTGER2
Pharmacological action yes
Actions agonist
References
  • Dijkstra BG, Schneemann A, Hoyng PF: Flow after prostaglandin E1 is mediated by receptor-coupled adenylyl cyclase in human anterior segments. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1999 Oct;40(11):2622-6. - Pubmed
  • Takahashi HK, Iwagaki H, Tamura R, Katsuno G, Xue D, Sugita S, Mori S, Yoshino T, Tanaka N, Nishibori M: Differential effect of prostaglandins E1 and E2 on lipopolysaccharide-induced adhesion molecule expression on human monocytes. Eur J Pharmacol. 2005 Apr 11;512(2-3):223-30. - Pubmed
  • Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 0.4476
Prostaglandin E2 receptor, EP1 subtype
Name Prostaglandin E2 receptor, EP1 subtype
Gene Name PTGER1
Pharmacological action yes
Actions agonist
References
  • Norel X, de Montpreville V, Brink C: Vasoconstriction induced by activation of EP1 and EP3 receptors in human lung: effects of ONO-AE-248, ONO-DI-004, ONO-8711 or ONO-8713. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat. 2004 Oct;74(1-4):101-12. - Pubmed
  • Takahashi HK, Iwagaki H, Tamura R, Xue D, Sano M, Mori S, Yoshino T, Tanaka N, Nishibori M: Unique regulation profile of prostaglandin e1 on adhesion molecule expression and cytokine production in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2003 Dec;307(3):1188-95. Epub 2003 Oct 15. - Pubmed
  • Ito Y, Murai Y, Ishibashi H, Onoue H, Akaike N: The prostaglandin E series modulates high-voltage-activated calcium channels probably through the EP3 receptor in rat paratracheal ganglia. Neuropharmacology. 2000 Jan 4;39(2):181-90. - Pubmed
  • Matlhagela K, Taub M: Involvement of EP1 and EP2 receptors in the regulation of the Na,K-ATPase by prostaglandins in MDCK cells. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat. 2006 Mar;79(1-2):101-13. Epub 2006 Jan 27. - Pubmed
  • Tokuda H, Kozawa O, Miwa M, Uematsu T: p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase but not p44/p42 MAP kinase is involved in prostaglandin E1-induced vascular endothelial growth factor synthesis in osteoblasts. J Endocrinol. 2001 Sep;170(3):629-38. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 0.6238

Transporters


Multidrug resistance-associated protein 5
Name Multidrug resistance-associated protein 5
Gene Name ABCC5
Actions inhibitor
References
  • Reid G, Wielinga P, Zelcer N, van der Heijden I, Kuil A, de Haas M, Wijnholds J, Borst P: The human multidrug resistance protein MRP4 functions as a prostaglandin efflux transporter and is inhibited by nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Aug 5;100(16):9244-9. Epub 2003 Jun 30. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 0.2597
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2B1
Name Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2B1
Gene Name SLCO2B1
Actions inhibitor
References
  • Nishio T, Adachi H, Nakagomi R, Tokui T, Sato E, Tanemoto M, Fujiwara K, Okabe M, Onogawa T, Suzuki T, Nakai D, Shiiba K, Suzuki M, Ohtani H, Kondo Y, Unno M, Ito S, Iinuma K, Nunoki K, Matsuno S, Abe T: Molecular identification of a rat novel organic anion transporter moat1, which transports prostaglandin D(2), leukotriene C(4), and taurocholate. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2000 Sep 7;275(3):831-8. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 0.3591
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 3A1
Name Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 3A1
Gene Name SLCO3A1
Actions inhibitor
References
  • Adachi H, Suzuki T, Abe M, Asano N, Mizutamari H, Tanemoto M, Nishio T, Onogawa T, Toyohara T, Kasai S, Satoh F, Suzuki M, Tokui T, Unno M, Shimosegawa T, Matsuno S, Ito S, Abe T: Molecular characterization of human and rat organic anion transporter OATP-D. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2003 Dec;285(6):F1188-97. - Pubmed
  • Adachi H, Suzuki T, Abe M, Asano N, Mizutamari H, Tanemoto M, Nishio T, Onogawa T, Toyohara T, Kasai S, Satoh F, Suzuki M, Tokui T, Unno M, Shimosegawa T, Matsuno S, Ito S, Abe T: Molecular characterization of human and rat organic anion transporter OATP-D. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2003 Dec;285(6):F1188-97. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 0.303
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4
Name Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4
Gene Name ABCC4
Actions substrate
References
  • Reid G, Wielinga P, Zelcer N, van der Heijden I, Kuil A, de Haas M, Wijnholds J, Borst P: The human multidrug resistance protein MRP4 functions as a prostaglandin efflux transporter and is inhibited by nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Aug 5;100(16):9244-9. Epub 2003 Jun 30. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 0.3066
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2A1
Name Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2A1
Gene Name SLCO2A1
Actions substrate
References
  • Lu R, Kanai N, Bao Y, Schuster VL: Cloning, in vitro expression, and tissue distribution of a human prostaglandin transporter cDNA(hPGT). J Clin Invest. 1996 Sep 1;98(5):1142-9. - Pubmed
  • Kanai N, Lu R, Satriano JA, Bao Y, Wolkoff AW, Schuster VL: Identification and characterization of a prostaglandin transporter. Science. 1995 May 12;268(5212):866-9. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 0.4084

Predictions


Id Partner name Gene Name Score
4131 Prostaglandin E2 receptor, EP3 subtype PTGER3 0.2676
6002 Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP4 subtype PTGER4 0.236
6142 Solute carrier family 22 member 8 SLC22A8 0.1389
1729 Solute carrier family 22 member 6 SLC22A6 0.1131
1024 Solute carrier family 22 member 11 SLC22A11 0.1015
672 Prostaglandin F2-alpha receptor PTGFR 0.0998
1490 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1 SLCO1B1 0.0883
6143 Solute carrier family 22 member 7 SLC22A7 0.0882
527 Prostacyclin receptor PTGIR 0.0834
6139 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A2 SLCO1A2 0.0834
1735 Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1 ABCC2 0.0772
738 Monocarboxylate transporter 1 SLC16A1 0.0769
6153 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 4A1 SLCO4A1 0.0693
1588 Multidrug resistance protein 1 ABCB1 0.0672
1709 Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 2 ABCC3 0.0661
4757 Cytochrome P450 2C9 CYP2C9 0.0657
6167 Organic solute transporter subunit beta OSTB 0.0657
6166 Organic solute transporter subunit alpha OSTA 0.0656
862 Multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 ABCC1 0.0622
4512 Cytochrome P450 3A4 CYP3A4 0.06
6158 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1C1 SLCO1C1 0.0594
6144 Solute carrier family 22 member 2 SLC22A2 0.0573
1792 Tissue-type plasminogen activator PLAT 0.0563
4200 Cytochrome P450 1A2 CYP1A2 0.054
1971 cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4A PDE4A 0.0538
6157 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B3 SLCO1B3 0.0527
52 Pyruvate kinase isozymes R/L PKLR 0.0518
2922 Glycerol kinase glpK 0.0504
587 Serum albumin ALB 0.0504
1732 ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 2 ABCG2 0.049
6145 Solute carrier family 22 member 1 SLC22A1 0.0487
4924 Cytochrome P450 2C8 CYP2C8 0.0479
4109 cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4C PDE4C 0.047
6016 Cytochrome P450 2C19 CYP2C19 0.0451
6155 ATP-binding cassette transporter sub-family C member 11 ABCC11 0.045
650 Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C3 AKR1C3 0.0427
599 Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase GAPDH 0.0425
4426 Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase gap 0.0425
4454 Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase gap 0.0425
4489 Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase gap 0.0425
2597 Glucosamine--fructose-6-phosphate aminotransferase [isomerizing] glmS 0.0403
2206 Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase GPI 0.0381
3736 Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase A gapA 0.0376
2358 cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4D PDE4D 0.0376
4628 NADP-dependent glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase gapN 0.0375
541 cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4B PDE4B 0.0349
6017 Cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme, mitochondrial CYP11A1 0.0335
4119 Cytochrome P450 2D6 CYP2D6 0.0335
87 Hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase HPRT1 0.0328
489 Monocarboxylate transporter 2 SLC16A7 0.0321
6085 Fatty acid-binding protein, intestinal FABP2 0.0317
5650 NimA-related protein DR_0842 0.0316
500 Monocarboxylate transporter 4 SLC16A3 0.0304
20 Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1 PTGS1 0.0297
118 Organic cation/carnitine transporter 2 SLC22A5 0.0294
6141 Sodium/bile acid cotransporter SLC10A1 0.0276
776 Bile salt export pump ABCB11 0.0263
5626 Nucleoside diphosphate kinase B NME2 0.0259
3811 Cytochrome P450 19A1 CYP19A1 0.0257
6148 Multidrug resistance-associated protein 7 ABCC10 0.0254
3254 Bifunctional protein putA [Includes: Proline dehydrogenase putA 0.0254
198 Sodium channel protein type 10 subunit alpha SCN10A 0.0251
4118 Cytochrome P450 3A5 CYP3A5 0.0249
204 cGMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase PDE5A 0.0246
342 P protein [Includes: DNA-directed DNA polymerase P 0.023
612 P protein [Includes: DNA-directed DNA polymerase P 0.023
290 Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 PTGS2 0.0228
6178 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B7 UGT2B7 0.0226
1539 Oligopeptide transporter, small intestine isoform SLC15A1 0.022
2853 14 kDa fatty acid-binding protein Not Available 0.0219
6030 Cytochrome P450 2B6 CYP2B6 0.0218
3676 Phospho-2-dehydro-3-deoxyheptonate aldolase, Phe-sensitive aroG 0.0216
3134 Phospho-2-dehydro-3-deoxyheptonate aldolase aroF 0.0215
5294 Nucleoside diphosphate kinase A NME1 0.0205
6022 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-1 UGT1A1 0.0205
6149 Solute carrier family 22 member 10 SLC22A10 0.02
631 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase HMGCR 0.02
3387 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase mvaA 0.02
4384 Capsule biosynthesis protein synC 0.0199
6040 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, decarboxylating PGD 0.0195
3685 Catabolite gene activator crp 0.0191
833 Organic cation/carnitine transporter 1 SLC22A4 0.0191
4655 Adenylate cyclase cyaC 0.0191
4759 Adenylate cyclase cyaB2 0.0191
2222 Equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 SLC29A1 0.019
1116 Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, cytosolic [GTP] PCK1 0.0188
24 Thymidylate synthase TMP1 0.0186
359 Thymidylate synthase TYMS 0.0186
2626 Thymidylate synthase thyA 0.0186
2729 Thymidylate synthase thyA 0.0186
5352 Thymidylate synthase THYA 0.0186
6107 Cytochrome P450 3A7 CYP3A7 0.0186
6151 Monocarboxylate transporter 10 SLC16A10 0.0182
6137 Multidrug resistance-associated protein 6 ABCC6 0.0181
695 cAMP and cAMP-inhibited cGMP 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 10A PDE10A 0.0176
1405 Thiopurine S-methyltransferase TPMT 0.0172
5718 Cytochrome P450 2A6 CYP2A6 0.0171
1974 Oligopeptide transporter, kidney isoform SLC15A2 0.017
6020 Aldehyde oxidase AOX1 0.0168
6176 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-3 UGT1A3 0.0165
6013 Cytochrome P450 2E1 CYP2E1 0.0164
6599 HTH-type transcriptional regulator ttgR ttgR 0.0163
2310 2-dehydro-3-deoxyphosphooctonate aldolase kdsA 0.0163
2542 2-dehydro-3-deoxyphosphooctonate aldolase kdsA 0.0163
4760 Mll3241 protein mll3241 0.0163
5849 cAMP-dependent protein kinase type I-alpha regulatory subunit PRKAR1A 0.0153
2183 Fatty acid-binding protein, adipocyte FABP4 0.015
3917 Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase MTHFR 0.0149
3957 Adenosine deaminase ADA 0.0145
6147 Solute carrier family 22 member 3 SLC22A3 0.0144
6140 Ileal sodium/bile acid cotransporter SLC10A2 0.0141
33 Cystine/glutamate transporter SLC7A11 0.0141
6171 Solute carrier family 28 member 3 SLC28A3 0.014
3947 Xanthine dehydrogenase/oxidase XDH 0.0138
468 Cytochrome P450 4A11 CYP4A11 0.0132
933 Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src SRC 0.013
6024 Cytochrome P450 1A1 CYP1A1 0.0122
293 Gamma-glutamyl hydrolase GGH 0.0119
3587 Gastrotropin FABP6 0.0118
6038 Retinal cone rhodopsin-sensitive cGMP 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase subunit gamma PDE6H 0.0115
6037 Retinal rod rhodopsin-sensitive cGMP 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase subunit gamma PDE6G 0.0107
4217 Telomerase reverse transcriptase TERT 0.0104
4226 Uridine phosphorylase 2 UPP2 0.0103
1650 Heme carrier protein 1 SLC46A1 0.0103
6018 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-9 UGT1A9 0.0096
4225 Uridine phosphorylase 1 UPP1 0.0091
136 Estrogen receptor ESR1 0.0089
218 Monocarboxylate transporter 5 SLC16A4 0.0088
195 Monocarboxylate transporter 7 SLC16A6 0.0088
397 Monocarboxylate transporter 3 SLC16A8 0.0088
429 Monocarboxylate transporter 6 SLC16A5 0.0088
413 Amidophosphoribosyltransferase PPAT 0.0088
2515 Amidophosphoribosyltransferase purF 0.0088
3714 Amidophosphoribosyltransferase purF 0.0088
5818 Folate receptor alpha FOLR1 0.0087
558 Solute carrier family 12 member 1 SLC12A1 0.0084
6220 Aryl hydrocarbon receptor AHR 0.0082
6150 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 4C1 SLCO4C1 0.0082
1141 Sialidase-1 NEU1 0.008
64 Neuraminidase NA 0.008
641 Neuraminidase NA 0.008
2676 Neuraminidase NA 0.008
3026 Neuraminidase NA 0.008
3519 Neuraminidase NA 0.008
6007 Neuraminidase NA 0.008
860 Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase NNMT 0.0078
583 Nicotinate-nucleotide pyrophosphorylase [carboxylating] QPRT 0.0078
2442 Nicotinate-nucleotide pyrophosphorylase [carboxylating] nadC 0.0078
2459 Nicotinate-nucleotide pyrophosphorylase [carboxylating] nadC 0.0078
699 Nicotinic acid receptor 1 GPR109A 0.0078
928 Nicotinic acid receptor 2 GPR109B 0.0078
2320 Thymidine kinase, cytosolic TK1 0.0078
230 ATP-binding cassette transporter sub-family C member 8 ABCC8 0.0077
6180 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B4 UGT2B4 0.0077
771 Pyruvate carboxylase, mitochondrial PC 0.0076
110 Pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component subunit beta, mitochondrial PDHB 0.0075
6106 Cytochrome P450 2C18 CYP2C18 0.0074
3810 Catechol O-methyltransferase COMT 0.0074
98 Pyruvate kinase isozymes M1/M2 PKM2 0.0074
1648 Elastin ELN 0.0072
3639 Thymidine phosphorylase deoA 0.0072
3936 Thymidine phosphorylase TYMP 0.0072
1181 Alpha-1-acid glycoprotein 1 ORM1 0.0072
6218 Pannexin-1 PANX1 0.0068
1302 Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase [NADP+] DPYD 0.0067
357 Carbonic anhydrase 2 CA2 0.0067
114 Alanine--glyoxylate aminotransferase 2, mitochondrial AGXT2 0.0066
4604 Liver carboxylesterase 1 CES1 0.0066
908 Glutathione S-transferase theta-1 GSTT1 0.0066
275 Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase ALOX5 0.0065
320 5-hydroxytryptamine 1A receptor HTR1A 0.0064
773 Folylpolyglutamate synthase, mitochondrial FPGS 0.0064
2184 Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator CFTR 0.0063
5482 Sialidase-2 NEU2 0.0062
318 Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor ADRA2A 0.0062
778 Cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1 CYSLTR1 0.0061
6206 DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit beta' rpoC 0.0061
199 Monocarboxylate transporter 8 SLC16A2 0.006
709 ATP-sensitive inward rectifier potassium channel 1 KCNJ1 0.006
280 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase, mitochondrial ABAT 0.0059
1284 Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 2 NR1I2 0.0059
556 Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor ADRA1A 0.0058
896 Glutathione S-transferase Mu 1 GSTM1 0.0058
2021 Thrombomodulin THBD 0.0057
2287 Bifunctional purine biosynthesis protein PURH [Includes: Phosphoribosylaminoimidazolecarboxamide formyltransferase ATIC 0.0056
284 DNA-directed RNA polymerase beta chain rpoB 0.0056
5773 DNA-directed RNA polymerase beta chain rpoB 0.0056
686 Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C2 AKR1C2 0.0055
1898 Cytochrome P450 1B1 CYP1B1 0.0055
238 Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma PPARG 0.0054
952 Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 DPP4 0.0053
904 Glutathione S-transferase P GSTP1 0.0051
26 Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3 FLT4 0.0051
165 FL cytokine receptor FLT3 0.005
718 Folate receptor gamma FOLR3 0.005
299 Folate receptor beta FOLR2 0.005
804 Mitochondrial folate transporter/carrier SLC25A32 0.005
6033 High affinity interleukin-8 receptor A CXCR1 0.0049
32 Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 FLT1 0.0048
1198 Serum paraoxonase/arylesterase 1 PON1 0.0047
6223 Penicillin-binding protein 1C pbpC 0.0047
3014 Ribonuclease UK114 HRSP12 0.0046
3718 Hydrogen peroxide-inducible genes activator oxyR 0.0046
5428 Replication protein repA 0.0046
3617 Non-heme chloroperoxidase cpo 0.0046
5426 Non-heme chloroperoxidase cpo 0.0046
5427 Hydroxyquinol 1,2-dioxygenase chqB 0.0046
3018 HTH-type transcriptional regulator malT malT 0.0046
228 Beta platelet-derived growth factor receptor PDGFRB 0.0046
6161 Probable low affinity copper uptake protein 2 SLC31A2 0.0045
6031 Cytochrome P450 3A43 CYP3A43 0.0044
365 Dihydrofolate reductase DHFR 0.0043
2381 Dihydrofolate reductase DFR1 0.0043
2833 Dihydrofolate reductase Not Available 0.0043
2931 Dihydrofolate reductase folA 0.0043
3544 Dihydrofolate reductase folA 0.0043
3682 Dihydrofolate reductase folA 0.0043
6642 Dihydrofolate reductase folA 0.0043
6756 Dihydrofolate reductase dfrA 0.0043
6837 Serine/threonine-protein kinase 17B STK17B 0.0042
6836 3-hydroxyisobutyryl-CoA hydrolase, mitochondrial HIBCH 0.0042
504 Mast/stem cell growth factor receptor KIT 0.0042
1313 Lactoylglutathione lyase GLO1 0.0042
492 Histamine H1 receptor HRH1 0.0041
6165 Copper-transporting ATPase 1 ATP7A 0.0041
6163 Copper-transporting ATPase 2 ATP7B 0.0041
2180 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1 PDPK1 0.004
4034 Glutaredoxin-1 GLRX 0.004
4043 Glutaredoxin-2, mitochondrial GLRX2 0.004
4037 Hypothetical protein GPX1 0.004
4297 Hypothetical protein SP_1951 0.004
4521 Hypothetical protein BC_2969 0.004
4540 Hypothetical protein TM_1070 0.004
4555 Hypothetical protein MT1739 0.004
4569 Hypothetical protein mshD 0.004
4578 Hypothetical protein PA3270 0.004
4747 Hypothetical protein PA3967 0.004
5177 Hypothetical protein TM_0096 0.004
5194 Hypothetical protein PA1204 0.004
5240 Hypothetical protein Rv2991 0.004
5370 Hypothetical protein TM_1158 0.004
5710 Hypothetical protein Tb927.5.1360 0.004
1928 Leukotriene C4 synthase LTC4S 0.004
4029 Microsomal glutathione S-transferase 3 MGST3 0.004
4032 Microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1 MGST1 0.004
4030 Thioredoxin domain-containing protein 12 TXNDC12 0.004
4035 Glutathione S-transferase Mu 5 GSTM5 0.004
4039 CDNA FLJ23636 fis, clone CAS07176 GPX8 0.004
4040 Glutathione peroxidase 7 GPX7 0.004
910 Epididymal secretory glutathione peroxidase GPX5 0.004
4036 Glutathione peroxidase 6 GPX6 0.004
903 Glutathione S-transferase A5 GSTA5 0.004
911 Glutathione peroxidase 3 GPX3 0.004
906 Glutathione peroxidase 1 GPX1 0.004
900 Glutathione S-transferase A4 GSTA4 0.004
4038 Glutathione peroxidase 4 GPX4 0.004
1975 Phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase, mitochondrial GPX4 0.004
4042 Glutathione transferase omega-2 GSTO2 0.004
907 Glutathione peroxidase 2 GPX2 0.004
4033 S-formylglutathione hydrolase ESD 0.004
1056 Gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase 1 GGT1 0.004
2958 Probable tautomerase ydcE pptA 0.004
2573 Cocaine esterase cocE 0.004
7263 Cocaine esterase Not Available 0.004
139 Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C1 AKR1C1 0.0039
6146 High affinity copper uptake protein 1 SLC31A1 0.0039
3115 Ras-related protein Rab-9 RAB9A 0.0039
3603 Chlorocatechol 1,2-dioxygenase clcA 0.0039
407 Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 KDR 0.0039
273 Apoptosis regulator Bcl-2 BCL2 0.0038
4152 Superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn] SOD1 0.0038
6656 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 3A1 UGT3A1 0.0037
3319 Hydroxyacylglutathione hydrolase HAGH 0.0036
897 Glutathione S-transferase kappa 1 GSTK1 0.0035
898 Glutathione S-transferase A3 GSTA3 0.0035
909 Maleylacetoacetate isomerase GSTZ1 0.0035
899 Glutathione S-transferase Mu 3 GSTM3 0.0034
905 Glutathione transferase omega-1 GSTO1 0.0034
4041 Microsomal glutathione S-transferase 2 MGST2 0.0034
1119 Peroxiredoxin-5, mitochondrial PRDX5 0.0034
2599 Tyrosine-protein kinase HCK HCK 0.0032
2165 Glutathione S-transferase Mu 2 GSTM2 0.0031
207 Glutathione synthetase GSS 0.0031
5269 Glutathione synthetase gshB 0.0031
2157 NAD(P)H dehydrogenase [quinone] 1 NQO1 0.0031
677 Choline-phosphate cytidylyltransferase A PCYT1A 0.003
6344 ATP synthase subunit gamma, mitochondrial ATP5C1 0.003
6342 ATP synthase subunit alpha, mitochondrial ATP5A1 0.003
6343 ATP synthase subunit beta, mitochondrial ATP5B 0.003
115 Penicillin-binding protein 2 mrdA 0.003
6069 Penicillin-binding protein 2 mrdA 0.003
6118 Penicillin-binding protein 2 penA 0.003
6187 Penicillin-binding protein 2 pbpA 0.003
6686 Penicillin-binding protein 2 pbp2 0.003
6939 Penicillin-binding protein 2 mrdA 0.003
7163 Penicillin-binding protein 2 pbpA 0.003
2693 Heat-labile enterotoxin B chain eltB 0.003
950 Alpha platelet-derived growth factor receptor PDGFRA 0.003
4674 2-hydroxy-6-oxo-7-methylocta-2,4-dienoate hydrolase cumD 0.003
951 Macrophage colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor CSF1R 0.003
781 ATP-sensitive inward rectifier potassium channel 11 KCNJ11 0.003
1757 Myeloperoxidase MPO 0.003
3961 G protein-activated inward rectifier potassium channel 4 KCNJ5 0.003
6645 D-amino-acid oxidase DAO 0.0029
901 Glutathione S-transferase Mu 4 GSTM4 0.0029
543 Penicillin-binding protein 1B mrcB 0.0028
6186 Penicillin-binding protein 1B ponB 0.0028
6822 Penicillin-binding protein 1b pbp1b 0.0028
6844 Penicillin-binding protein 1b pbp1b 0.0028
1 Peptidoglycan synthetase ftsI ftsI 0.0028
4155 Peptidoglycan synthetase ftsI ftsI 0.0028
645 Penicillin-binding protein 1A mrcA 0.0028
5805 Penicillin-binding protein 1A ponA 0.0028
6185 Penicillin-binding protein 1A mrcA 0.0028
6799 Penicillin-binding protein 1A pbpA 0.0028
702 UMP-CMP kinase CMPK1 0.0027
3932 Glutathione S-transferase A2 GSTA2 0.0027
806 Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase alpha-1 chain ATP1A1 0.0027
2981 Phospholipase A2, membrane associated PLA2G2A 0.0027
6259 (3R)-hydroxymyristoyl-acyl carrier protein dehydratase fabZ 0.0027
4031 Glutathione S-transferase A1 GSTA1 0.0026
918 Glutamate receptor, ionotropic kainate 2 GRIK2 0.0026
2101 Glutathione-requiring prostaglandin D synthase HPGDS 0.0026
2404 Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit gamma isoform PIK3CG 0.0025
714 Glutathione reductase, mitochondrial GSR 0.0025
521 ATP-binding cassette transporter sub-family C member 9 ABCC9 0.0025
921 Glutamate receptor 2 GRIA2 0.0025
4095 Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-7 CHRNA7 0.0025
947 Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-4 CHRNA4 0.0025
3923 Cholinesterase BCHE 0.0023
132 ATP-binding cassette sub-family A member 1 ABCA1 0.0023
4773 Deoxycytidine kinase DCK 0.0023
2347 Proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase Pim-1 PIM1 0.0023
841 Gamma-aminobutyric-acid receptor subunit alpha-6 GABRA6 0.0022
530 Gamma-aminobutyric-acid receptor subunit alpha-4 GABRA4 0.0022
523 Gamma-aminobutyric-acid receptor subunit alpha-5 GABRA5 0.0021
580 Gamma-aminobutyric-acid receptor subunit alpha-3 GABRA3 0.0021
423 Gamma-aminobutyric-acid receptor subunit alpha-2 GABRA2 0.0021
872 Gamma-aminobutyric-acid receptor subunit alpha-1 GABRA1 0.002
40 RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase RAF1 0.0019
6042 Prostaglandin reductase 2 PTGR2 0.0019
4177 Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase receptor ret RET 0.0018
389 Amiloride-sensitive cation channel 2, neuronal ACCN2 0.0018
2391 Ferrochelatase hemH 0.0018
6502 Ferrochelatase DKFZp686P18130 0.0018
1591 Ferrochelatase, mitochondrial FECH 0.0018
6043 Putative G-protein coupled receptor 44 GPR44 0.0018
3854 Basic fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 FGFR1 0.0017
4162 Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 3 KCNQ3 0.0017
698 B-Raf proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase BRAF 0.0016
1086 Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 2 KCNQ2 0.0016
3804 Sodium channel protein type 4 subunit alpha SCN4A 0.0016
6495 Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7C, mitochondrial COX7C 0.0015
6496 Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 8A, mitochondrial COX8A 0.0015
6497 Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6A2, mitochondrial COX6A2 0.0015
6494 Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7B, mitochondrial COX7B 0.0015
6493 Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6C COX6C 0.0015
6499 Cytochrome c oxidase polypeptide 7A1, mitochondrial COX7A1 0.0015
6491 Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5A, mitochondrial COX5A 0.0015
6498 Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6B1 COX6B1 0.0015
5793 Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 2 MT-CO2 0.0015
6559 Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 2 ctaC 0.0015
6669 Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 2 ctaC 0.0015
6490 Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 3 MT-CO3 0.0015
6489 Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4 isoform 1, mitochondrial COX4I1 0.0015
371 Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 MT-CO1 0.0015
6558 Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 ctaD 0.0015
756 Sex hormone-binding globulin SHBG 0.0014
2540 Choloylglycine hydrolase cbh 0.0014
6501 Fatty acid-binding protein, liver FABP1 0.0013
869 Estrogen receptor beta ESR2 0.0013
3087 Nicotinate-nucleotide adenylyltransferase nadD 0.0013
4469 Nicotinate-nucleotide adenylyltransferase nadD 0.0013
4992 Cytochrome c peroxidase Not Available 0.0013
5590 N utilization substance protein B homolog nusB 0.0012
5598 Glycerol uptake operon antiterminator-related protein TM_1436 0.0012
5586 Pleckstrin homology domain-containing family A member 1 PLEKHA1 0.0012
5577 N5-carboxyaminoimidazole ribonucleotide mutase purE 0.0012
2300 Lysozyme E 0.0012
3633 Lysozyme R 0.0012
5597 Lysozyme 17 0.0012
3792 KHG/KDPG aldolase [Includes: 4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutarate aldolase eda 0.0012
2838 Ribose-5-phosphate isomerase A rpiA 0.0012
2952 Ribose-5-phosphate isomerase A rpiA 0.0012
5595 Ribose-5-phosphate isomerase A rpiA 0.0012
4695 UPF0124 protein yfiH yfiH 0.0012
5060 Intron-associated endonuclease 1 ITEVIR 0.0012
5593 Transferase Not Available 0.0012
5588 Cell division protein FtsY TM_0570 0.0012
5591 Complement component C8 gamma chain C8G 0.0012
5587 Iron(III)-binding periplasmic protein fbpA 0.0012
5583 RNA 3'-terminal phosphate cyclase rtcA 0.0012
5582 Regulator of transcription; stringent starvation protein A sspA 0.0012
4238 50S ribosomal protein L4 rplD 0.0012
5578 50S ribosomal protein L4 rplD 0.0012
6173 50S ribosomal protein L4 rplD 0.0012
6219 50S ribosomal protein L4 rplD 0.0012
5592 Ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase subunit beta nrdF 0.0012
5581 Beta-fructosidase bfrA 0.0012
5600 Pyruvate decarboxylase pdc 0.0012
4375 Glutamine synthetase 1 glnA1 0.0012
5575 Short tail fiber protein 12 0.0012
5580 Hexon protein PII 0.0012
5574 Invasin YPTB1668 0.0012
3809 Estrogen-related receptor gamma ESRRG 0.0012
4114 Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-3 CACNB3 0.0011
4112 Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-4 CACNB4 0.0011
6500 Phospholipase A2 PLA2G1B 0.0011
392 Voltage-dependent P/Q-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1A CACNA1A 0.0011
1467 Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 13B TNFSF13B 0.0011
3132 Tryptophan synthase alpha chain trpA 0.0011
6568 Tryptophan synthase alpha chain trpA 0.0011
5006 RNASE4 protein RNASE4 0.0011
2555 Pol polyprotein pol 0.0011
3242 Pol polyprotein gag-pol 0.0011
3471 Pol polyprotein gag-pro-pol 0.0011
5256 Pol polyprotein pol 0.0011
6469 Pol polyprotein gag-pol 0.0011
6565 Pol polyprotein Not Available 0.0011
3085 Molybdopterin-guanine dinucleotide biosynthesis protein A mobA 0.0011
5328 Prostaglandin F synthase Tb11.02.2310 0.0011
4533 Glyoxalase family protein BC_1747 0.0011
3729 Citrate synthase gltA 0.0011
4575 Citrate synthase cit 0.0011
4580 Citrate synthase gltA 0.0011
5599 3-carboxy-cis,cis-muconate cycloisomerase pcaB 0.0011
3970 Voltage-dependent N-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1B CACNA1B 0.0011
355 GMP synthase [glutamine-hydrolyzing] GMPS 0.0011
4353 GMP synthase [glutamine-hydrolyzing] guaA 0.0011
4113 Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1F CACNA1F 0.001
15 Voltage-dependent T-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1I CACNA1I 0.001
333 Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-1 CACNB1 0.001
4366 Riboflavin kinase/FMN adenylyltransferase TM_0857 0.001
373 Transthyretin TTR 0.001
4373 Medium-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase Not Available 0.001
2603 Beta-lactamase II blm 0.001
2521 Cell division protein ftsZ ftsZ 0.001
3301 Cell division protein ftsZ ftsZ 0.001
517 Alcohol dehydrogenase 1C ADH1C 0.001
2149 Angiogenin ANG 0.001
3583 6-phosphogluconolactonase pgl 0.001
857 Malate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial MDH2 0.001
535 Voltage-dependent T-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1G CACNA1G 0.001
941 Betaine--homocysteine S-methyltransferase 1 BHMT 0.0009
2942 Sialidase nanH 0.0009
3546 Sialidase nedA 0.0009
3486 Fumarate hydratase class II fumC 0.0009
1123 Eosinophil cationic protein RNASE3 0.0009
332 Beta-lactamase blaZ 0.0009
2478 Beta-lactamase ampC 0.0009
2613 Beta-lactamase ampC 0.0009
2635 Beta-lactamase ampC 0.0009
2700 Beta-lactamase penP 0.0009
5445 Beta-lactamase blaB 0.0009
6019 Beta-lactamase SHV-7 0.0009
6701 Beta-lactamase cphA 0.0009
2869 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate reductoisomerase dxr 0.0009
2286 Isocitrate dehydrogenase [NADP] icd 0.0009
2302 Isocitrate dehydrogenase [NADP] icd 0.0009
2771 Isocitrate dehydrogenase [NADP] icd 0.0009
2452 Tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase trpS 0.0009
2697 Uridine-cytidine kinase 2 UCK2 0.0009
2805 Heparan sulfate glucosamine 3-O-sulfotransferase 3A1 HS3ST3A1 0.0009
4110 Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-2 CACNB2 0.0009
4115 Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D CACNA1D 0.0009
2936 Oxygen-insensitive NAD(P)H nitroreductase nfnB 0.0009
5184 Oxygen-insensitive NAD(P)H nitroreductase nfnB 0.0009
4111 Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1S CACNA1S 0.0009
411 Glycine N-methyltransferase GNMT 0.0009
478 Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C CACNA1C 0.0009
5579 Carboxypeptidase B CPB1 0.0008
3478 Glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase rmlA 0.0008
4277 Glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase rmlA 0.0008
3384 Macrophage migration inhibitory factor MIF 0.0008
101 Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2 KCNH2 0.0008
128 Adenine phosphoribosyltransferase APRT 0.0008
220 Sodium channel protein type 5 subunit alpha SCN5A 0.0008
824 Sodium-dependent serotonin transporter SLC6A4 0.0007
5682 Ribonuclease pancreatic RNASE1 0.0006
822 Aldose reductase AKR1B1 0.0006
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