DT-Web

DB00920 - Ketotifen


Identification
Name Ketotifen
Accession Number DB00920 (APRD01061)
Type small molecule
Description A cycloheptathiophene blocker of histamine H1 receptors and release of inflammatory mediators. It has been proposed for the treatment of asthma, rhinitis, skin allergies, and anaphylaxis. [PubChem]
Structure
MOL SDF PDB SMILES InChI
Categories (*)
Molecular Weight 309.425
Groups approved
Monoisotopic Weight 309.118734925
Pharmacology
Indication Indicated as an add-on or prophylactic oral medication in the chronic treatment of mild atopic asthmatic children. Also used as self-medication for the temporary relief of itching of the eye due to allergic conjunctivitis (ophthalmic).
Mechanism of action Ketotifen is a relatively selective, non-competitive histamine antagonist (H1-receptor) and mast cell stabilizer. Ketotifen inhibits the release of mediators from mast cells involved in hypersensitivity reactions. Decreased chemotaxis and activation of eosinophils have also been demonstrated. Ketotifen also inhibits cAMP phosphodiesterase. Properties of ketotifen which may contribute to its antiallergic activity and its ability to affect the underlying pathology of asthma include inhibition of the development of airway hyper-reactivity associated with activation of platelets by PAF (Platelet Activating Factor), inhibition of PAF-induced accumulation of eosinophils and platelets in the airways, suppression of the priming of eosinophils by human recombinant cytokines and antagonism of bronchoconstriction due to leukotrienes. Ketotifen inhibits of the release of allergic mediators such as histamine, leukotrienes C4 and D4(SRS-A) and PAF.
Absorption Following oral administration absorption is at least 60%
Protein binding 75%
Biotransformation Primarily hepatic. The main metabolite found in both plasma and urine is the inactive ketotifen-N-glucuronide. Nor-ketotifen, the N-demethylated metabolite, and the 10-alpha-hydroxyl derivative are the only other metabolites detectable in human urine.
Route of elimination Not Available
Toxicity Adverse reactions include headaches, conjunctival injection and rhinitis.
Affected organisms
  • Humans and other mammals
Interactions
Drug Interactions
Drug Mechanism of interaction
Tacrine The therapeutic effects of the central acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, Tacrine, and/or the anticholinergic, Ketotifen, may be reduced due to antagonism. The interaction may be beneficial when the anticholinergic action is a side effect. Monitor for decreased efficacy of both agents.
Trimethobenzamide Trimethobenzamide and Ketotifen, two anticholinergics, may cause additive anticholinergic effects and enhance their adverse/toxic effects. Monitor for enhanced anticholinergic effects.
Triprolidine Triprolidine and Ketotifen, two anticholinergics, may cause additive anticholinergic effects and enhance their adverse/toxic effects. Additive CNS depressant effects may also occur. Monitor for enhanced anticholinergic and CNS depressant effects.
Trospium Trospium and Ketotifen, two anticholinergics, may cause additive anticholinergic effects and enhanced adverse/toxic effects. Monitor for enhanced anticholinergic effects.
Food Interactions
  • Take without regard to meals.

Targets


Histamine H1 receptor
Name Histamine H1 receptor
Gene Name HRH1
Pharmacological action yes
Actions antagonist
References
  • Mita H, Shida T: Comparison of anti-allergic activities of the histamine H1 receptor antagonists epinastine, ketotifen and oxatomide in human leukocytes. Arzneimittelforschung. 1995 Jan;45(1):36-40. - Pubmed
  • Okabe S, Nakaji S, Tachibana M: Effect of ketotifen on acute gastric lesions and gastric secretion in rats. Jpn J Pharmacol. 1992 Jun;59(2):251-4. - Pubmed
  • Hashimoto T, Ohata H, Honda K: Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) induces plasma exudation and histamine release in mice via LPA receptors. J Pharmacol Sci. 2006 Jan;100(1):82-7. Epub 2006 Jan 11. - Pubmed
  • Ito K, Sakamoto T, Hayashi Y, Morishita M, Shibata E, Sakai K, Takeuchi Y, Torii S: Role of tachykinin and bradykinin receptors and mast cells in gaseous formaldehyde-induced airway microvascular leakage in rats. Eur J Pharmacol. 1996 Jul 4;307(3):291-8. - Pubmed
  • Yokoyama H, Iinuma K, Yanai K, Watanabe T, Sakurai E, Onodera K: Proconvulsant effect of ketotifen, a histamine H1 antagonist, confirmed by the use of d-chlorpheniramine with monitoring electroencephalography. Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol. 1993 Apr;15(3):183-8. - Pubmed
  • Werner-Klein M, Goggel R, Westhof A, Erb KJ: Development and characterisation of a novel and rapid lung eosinophil influx model in the rat. Pulm Pharmacol Ther. 2008 Aug;21(4):648-56. Epub 2008 Apr 7. - Pubmed
  • Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 0.6236
cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4A
Name cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4A
Gene Name PDE4A
Pharmacological action yes
Actions inhibitor
References
  • Castillo JG, Gamboa PM, Garcia BE, Oehling A: Effect of ketotifen on phosphodiesterase activity from asthmatic individuals. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr). 1990 Jul-Aug;18(4):197-201. - Pubmed
  • Huang Z, Liu S, Zhang L, Salem M, Greig GM, Chan CC, Natsumeda Y, Noguchi K: Preferential inhibition of human phosphodiesterase 4 by ibudilast. Life Sci. 2006 May 1;78(23):2663-8. Epub 2005 Nov 28. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score Not Available
cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4B
Name cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4B
Gene Name PDE4B
Pharmacological action yes
Actions inhibitor
References
  • Castillo JG, Gamboa PM, Garcia BE, Oehling A: Effect of ketotifen on phosphodiesterase activity from asthmatic individuals. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr). 1990 Jul-Aug;18(4):197-201. - Pubmed
  • Huang Z, Liu S, Zhang L, Salem M, Greig GM, Chan CC, Natsumeda Y, Noguchi K: Preferential inhibition of human phosphodiesterase 4 by ibudilast. Life Sci. 2006 May 1;78(23):2663-8. Epub 2005 Nov 28. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score Not Available
cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4D
Name cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4D
Gene Name PDE4D
Pharmacological action yes
Actions inhibitor
References
  • Castillo JG, Gamboa PM, Garcia BE, Oehling A: Effect of ketotifen on phosphodiesterase activity from asthmatic individuals. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr). 1990 Jul-Aug;18(4):197-201. - Pubmed
  • Huang Z, Liu S, Zhang L, Salem M, Greig GM, Chan CC, Natsumeda Y, Noguchi K: Preferential inhibition of human phosphodiesterase 4 by ibudilast. Life Sci. 2006 May 1;78(23):2663-8. Epub 2005 Nov 28. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score Not Available
cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4C
Name cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4C
Gene Name PDE4C
Pharmacological action yes
Actions inhibitor
References
  • Castillo JG, Gamboa PM, Garcia BE, Oehling A: Effect of ketotifen on phosphodiesterase activity from asthmatic individuals. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr). 1990 Jul-Aug;18(4):197-201. - Pubmed
  • Huang Z, Liu S, Zhang L, Salem M, Greig GM, Chan CC, Natsumeda Y, Noguchi K: Preferential inhibition of human phosphodiesterase 4 by ibudilast. Life Sci. 2006 May 1;78(23):2663-8. Epub 2005 Nov 28. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score Not Available
High-affinity cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 7A
Name High-affinity cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 7A
Gene Name PDE7A
Pharmacological action yes
Actions inhibitor
References
  • Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. - Pubmed
  • Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score Not Available
cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 7B
Name cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 7B
Gene Name PDE7B
Pharmacological action yes
Actions inhibitor
References
  • Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. - Pubmed
  • Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score Not Available
High affinity cAMP-specific and IBMX-insensitive 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 8A
Name High affinity cAMP-specific and IBMX-insensitive 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 8A
Gene Name PDE8A
Pharmacological action yes
Actions inhibitor
References
  • Castillo JG, Gamboa PM, Garcia BE, Oehling A: Effect of ketotifen on phosphodiesterase activity from asthmatic individuals. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr). 1990 Jul-Aug;18(4):197-201. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score Not Available
High affinity cAMP-specific and IBMX-insensitive 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 8B
Name High affinity cAMP-specific and IBMX-insensitive 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 8B
Gene Name PDE8B
Pharmacological action yes
Actions inhibitor
References
  • Castillo JG, Gamboa PM, Garcia BE, Oehling A: Effect of ketotifen on phosphodiesterase activity from asthmatic individuals. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr). 1990 Jul-Aug;18(4):197-201. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score Not Available
6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, decarboxylating
Name 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, decarboxylating
Gene Name PGD
Pharmacological action unknown
Actions inhibitor
References
  • Akkemik E, Budak H, Ciftci M: Effects of some drugs on human erythrocyte 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase: an in vitro study. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem. 2010 Mar 17. - Pubmed
  • Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE: The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 0.7159

Predictions


Id Partner name Gene Name Score
1178 Adenosine A2a receptor ADORA2A 0.1944
16 Adenosine A1 receptor ADORA1 0.1941
3806 cGMP-dependent 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase PDE2A 0.1666
5360 High-affinity cGMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 9A PDE9A 0.1525
204 cGMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase PDE5A 0.1352
485 cGMP-inhibited 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase A PDE3A 0.1292
2256 cGMP-inhibited 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase B PDE3B 0.1274
6037 Retinal rod rhodopsin-sensitive cGMP 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase subunit gamma PDE6G 0.1195
268 Adenosine A2b receptor ADORA2B 0.0725
695 cAMP and cAMP-inhibited cGMP 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 10A PDE10A 0.0645
4119 Cytochrome P450 2D6 CYP2D6 0.0643
4200 Cytochrome P450 1A2 CYP1A2 0.0606
4512 Cytochrome P450 3A4 CYP3A4 0.058
2621 Thermoresistant gluconokinase gntK 0.0571
6152 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2A1 SLCO2A1 0.0472
2684 Histidine triad nucleotide-binding protein 1 HINT1 0.0463
1792 Tissue-type plasminogen activator PLAT 0.0456
2206 Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase GPI 0.0429
527 Prostacyclin receptor PTGIR 0.0423
766 Beta-2 adrenergic receptor ADRB2 0.0422
6160 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 3A1 SLCO3A1 0.0404
73 Prostaglandin E2 receptor, EP1 subtype PTGER1 0.0388
478 Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C CACNA1C 0.0383
6013 Cytochrome P450 2E1 CYP2E1 0.0364
790 DNA polymerase subunit alpha B POLA2 0.0348
103 Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1 CHRM1 0.0342
4757 Cytochrome P450 2C9 CYP2C9 0.0334
1632 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2B1 SLCO2B1 0.0322
1588 Multidrug resistance protein 1 ABCB1 0.0273
1830 5'-nucleotidase NT5E 0.0266
617 Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2 CHRM2 0.0245
556 Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor ADRA1A 0.0245
6024 Cytochrome P450 1A1 CYP1A1 0.0243
2164 Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4 ABCC4 0.0232
4122 Histone deacetylase 2 HDAC2 0.0228
4924 Cytochrome P450 2C8 CYP2C8 0.0227
502 5-hydroxytryptamine 2A receptor HTR2A 0.0224
777 Tumor necrosis factor TNF 0.0205
51 Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M3 CHRM3 0.0188
3957 Adenosine deaminase ADA 0.0185
713 Sodium-dependent dopamine transporter SLC6A3 0.0182
1341 Histamine H3 receptor HRH3 0.0175
274 Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5 CHRM5 0.0175
318 Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor ADRA2A 0.0172
450 Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M4 CHRM4 0.017
6143 Solute carrier family 22 member 7 SLC22A7 0.017
6016 Cytochrome P450 2C19 CYP2C19 0.0169
590 5-hydroxytryptamine 2C receptor HTR2C 0.0169
516 Neurotensin receptor type 2 NTSR2 0.0168
118 Organic cation/carnitine transporter 2 SLC22A5 0.0146
6030 Cytochrome P450 2B6 CYP2B6 0.014
831 D(2) dopamine receptor DRD2 0.0135
1729 Solute carrier family 22 member 6 SLC22A6 0.0132
540 Sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter SLC6A2 0.0132
20 Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1 PTGS1 0.012
4118 Cytochrome P450 3A5 CYP3A5 0.0118
23 D(1A) dopamine receptor DRD1 0.0118
824 Sodium-dependent serotonin transporter SLC6A4 0.0116
2347 Proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase Pim-1 PIM1 0.0113
1024 Solute carrier family 22 member 11 SLC22A11 0.0112
587 Serum albumin ALB 0.011
290 Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 PTGS2 0.0109
320 5-hydroxytryptamine 1A receptor HTR1A 0.0109
2757 Inorganic pyrophosphatase ppa 0.0107
6238 Inorganic pyrophosphatase ppa 0.0107
6968 Inorganic pyrophosphatase PPA1 0.0107
2383 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 2,4-cyclodiphosphate synthase ispF 0.0107
2937 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 2,4-cyclodiphosphate synthase ispF 0.0107
4620 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 2,4-cyclodiphosphate synthase ispF 0.0107
6594 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 2,4-cyclodiphosphate synthase ispF 0.0107
6609 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 2,4-cyclodiphosphate synthase ispF 0.0107
6646 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 2,4-cyclodiphosphate synthase ispF 0.0107
851 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit beta-2 PRKAB2 0.0105
388 AMP deaminase 1 AMPD1 0.0105
558 Solute carrier family 12 member 1 SLC12A1 0.0105
6136 Multidrug resistance-associated protein 5 ABCC5 0.0104
6107 Cytochrome P450 3A7 CYP3A7 0.0102
432 D(4) dopamine receptor DRD4 0.0098
632 Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor ADRA1B 0.0097
6142 Solute carrier family 22 member 8 SLC22A8 0.0097
1735 Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1 ABCC2 0.0096
2755 Hypoxanthine-guanine-xanthine phosphoribosyltransferase LACZ 0.0095
4553 Bifunctional adenosylcobalamin biosynthesis protein cobU cobU 0.0094
2647 RNA-directed RNA polymerase P2 0.0094
355 GMP synthase [glutamine-hydrolyzing] GMPS 0.0093
4353 GMP synthase [glutamine-hydrolyzing] guaA 0.0093
1291 cAMP response element-binding protein CREB1 0.0092
704 Long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase 1 ACSL1 0.0091
386 Acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase, cytoplasmic ACSS2 0.0091
821 Acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase 2-like, mitochondrial ACSS1 0.0091
297 Adenylate cyclase type 1 ADCY1 0.0091
2434 NH(3)-dependent NAD(+) synthetase nadE 0.009
2910 NH(3)-dependent NAD(+) synthetase nadE 0.009
3217 NH(3)-dependent NAD(+) synthetase nadE 0.009
1898 Cytochrome P450 1B1 CYP1B1 0.0089
4198 Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase 1 FBP1 0.0088
3010 Regulatory protein blaR1 blaR1 0.0087
281 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit beta-1 PRKAB1 0.0087
2149 Angiogenin ANG 0.0087
638 D(3) dopamine receptor DRD3 0.0086
1275 Estrogen sulfotransferase SULT1E1 0.0086
128 Adenine phosphoribosyltransferase APRT 0.0086
2727 S-adenosylmethionine synthetase metK 0.0084
1656 CYP2B protein CYP2B 0.0084
748 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-1 PRKAA1 0.0084
2885 Carboxyethyl-arginine beta-lactam-synthase bls 0.0082
4600 Malonamidase E2 Not Available 0.0082
6021 Adenosine kinase ADK 0.0081
10 Glycogen phosphorylase, liver form PYGL 0.0081
2717 Folylpolyglutamate synthase fgs 0.0079
357 Carbonic anhydrase 2 CA2 0.0078
378 Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor ADRA2C 0.0078
629 Alpha-2B adrenergic receptor ADRA2B 0.0078
6154 Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 1 SLC47A1 0.0076
6395 Myosin-14 MYH14 0.0074
2428 Thiamine-phosphate pyrophosphorylase thiE 0.0074
716 5-hydroxytryptamine 7 receptor HTR7 0.0072
24 Thymidylate synthase TMP1 0.0067
359 Thymidylate synthase TYMS 0.0067
2626 Thymidylate synthase thyA 0.0067
2729 Thymidylate synthase thyA 0.0067
5352 Thymidylate synthase THYA 0.0067
87 Hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase HPRT1 0.0067
5691 DTDP-4-DEHYDRORHAMNOSE 3,5-EPIMERASE RMLC rmlC 0.0067
3361 Serpin B5 SERPINB5 0.0067
5694 Transcription antiterminator licT licT 0.0067
789 Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor ADRA1D 0.0063
5294 Nucleoside diphosphate kinase A NME1 0.0062
1181 Alpha-1-acid glycoprotein 1 ORM1 0.0061
5818 Folate receptor alpha FOLR1 0.0059
6145 Solute carrier family 22 member 1 SLC22A1 0.0058
1256 5-hydroxytryptamine 6 receptor HTR6 0.0058
833 Organic cation/carnitine transporter 1 SLC22A4 0.0055
124 Histamine H2 receptor HRH2 0.0054
6157 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B3 SLCO1B3 0.0054
56 Delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase ALAD 0.0054
2356 Delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase hemB 0.0054
3613 Delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase hemB 0.0054
3674 Delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase hemB 0.0054
293 Gamma-glutamyl hydrolase GGH 0.0052
6144 Solute carrier family 22 member 2 SLC22A2 0.0051
2286 Isocitrate dehydrogenase [NADP] icd 0.0051
2302 Isocitrate dehydrogenase [NADP] icd 0.0051
2771 Isocitrate dehydrogenase [NADP] icd 0.0051
6182 Cytochrome P450 2J2 CYP2J2 0.005
6097 Protein S100-A2 S100A2 0.005
1810 Protein S100-A1 S100A1 0.005
4534 Cytohesin-2 CYTH2 0.0048
814 Ryanodine receptor 1 RYR1 0.0048
725 5-hydroxytryptamine 1D receptor HTR1D 0.0047
1490 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1 SLCO1B1 0.0047
3668 Maltose-binding periplasmic protein precursor malE 0.0047
1650 Heme carrier protein 1 SLC46A1 0.0046
341 5-hydroxytryptamine 3 receptor HTR3A 0.0046
6139 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A2 SLCO1A2 0.0046
773 Folylpolyglutamate synthase, mitochondrial FPGS 0.0045
1048 Protein S100-A13 S100A13 0.0043
2226 Protein S100-A12 S100A12 0.0043
5692 Calcium/calmodulin-dependent 3',5'-cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase 1B PDE1B 0.0042
5718 Cytochrome P450 2A6 CYP2A6 0.0042
2592 Beta-galactosidase lacZ 0.0042
2287 Bifunctional purine biosynthesis protein PURH [Includes: Phosphoribosylaminoimidazolecarboxamide formyltransferase ATIC 0.0042
6155 ATP-binding cassette transporter sub-family C member 11 ABCC11 0.0041
2132 Protein S100-B S100B 0.004
315 Arginase-1 ARG1 0.004
101 Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2 KCNH2 0.004
15 Voltage-dependent T-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1I CACNA1I 0.0037
3917 Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase MTHFR 0.0037
6150 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 4C1 SLCO4C1 0.0036
528 5-hydroxytryptamine 1E receptor HTR1E 0.0036
535 Voltage-dependent T-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1G CACNA1G 0.0035
885 5-hydroxytryptamine 1B receptor HTR1B 0.0034
6020 Aldehyde oxidase AOX1 0.0034
964 Voltage-dependent T-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1H CACNA1H 0.0034
163 D(1B) dopamine receptor DRD5 0.0033
365 Dihydrofolate reductase DHFR 0.0033
2381 Dihydrofolate reductase DFR1 0.0033
2833 Dihydrofolate reductase Not Available 0.0033
2931 Dihydrofolate reductase folA 0.0033
3544 Dihydrofolate reductase folA 0.0033
3682 Dihydrofolate reductase folA 0.0033
6642 Dihydrofolate reductase folA 0.0033
6756 Dihydrofolate reductase dfrA 0.0033
6158 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1C1 SLCO1C1 0.0033
6148 Multidrug resistance-associated protein 7 ABCC10 0.0033
738 Monocarboxylate transporter 1 SLC16A1 0.0032
6263 cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha PRKACA 0.0032
164 Histamine H4 receptor HRH4 0.0031
465 Calmodulin CALM1 0.003
436 5-hydroxytryptamine 2B receptor HTR2B 0.003
1709 Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 2 ABCC3 0.0029
6106 Cytochrome P450 2C18 CYP2C18 0.0028
6147 Solute carrier family 22 member 3 SLC22A3 0.0026
6176 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-3 UGT1A3 0.0026
862 Multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 ABCC1 0.0026
439 Glutamate [NMDA] receptor subunit epsilon-4 GRIN2D 0.0026
1732 ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 2 ABCG2 0.0024
591 Glutamate [NMDA] receptor subunit 3B GRIN3B 0.0023
401 Glutamate [NMDA] receptor subunit zeta-1 GRIN1 0.0023
696 Kappa-type opioid receptor OPRK1 0.0021
198 Sodium channel protein type 10 subunit alpha SCN10A 0.002
4203 Histamine N-methyltransferase HNMT 0.0019
706 Glutamate [NMDA] receptor subunit 3A GRIN3A 0.0019
6098 Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily D member 2 KCND2 0.0018
6099 Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily D member 3 KCND3 0.0018
6432 Transporter snf 0.0018
4113 Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1F CACNA1F 0.0016
6025 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-4 UGT1A4 0.0015
4115 Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D CACNA1D 0.0013
4111 Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1S CACNA1S 0.0013
193 Beta-1 adrenergic receptor ADRB1 0.0013
1360 Sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase SMPD1 0.0012
6101 Dimethylaniline monooxygenase [N-oxide-forming] 3 FMO3 0.0012
6100 BDNF/NT-3 growth factors receptor NTRK2 0.0011
776 Bile salt export pump ABCB11 0.001
3923 Cholinesterase BCHE 0.0009
1618 High affinity nerve growth factor receptor NTRK1 0.0008
1086 Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 2 KCNQ2 0.0008
734 D1 dopamine receptor-interacting protein calcyon CALY 0.0007
858 Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 1 KCNA1 0.0006
467 Delta-type opioid receptor OPRD1 0.0005
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