DT-Web

DB00055 - Drotrecogin alfa


Identification
Name Drotrecogin alfa
Accession Number DB00055 (BIOD00068, BTD00068)
Type biotech
Description Drotrecogin alfa is activated human protein C that is synthesized by recombinant DNA technology. It is a glycoprotein of approximately 55 kilodalton molecular weight, consisting of a heavy chain and a light chain linked by a disulfide bond.
Structure
MOL SDF PDB SMILES InChI
Categories (*)
Molecular Weight 55000.0000
Groups approved
Monoisotopic Weight Not Available
Pharmacology
Indication For reduction of mortality in patients with severe sepsis.
Mechanism of action Activated protein C combines with protein S on platelet surfaces and then degrades factor Va and factor VIIIa, thereby reducing blood coagulability.
Absorption Not Available
Protein binding Not Available
Biotransformation Not Available
Route of elimination Not Available
Toxicity Not Available
Affected organisms
  • Humans and other mammals
Interactions
Drug Interactions
Drug Mechanism of interaction
Clopidogrel Antiplatelet agents such as clopidogrel may enhance the adverse/toxic effect of Drotrecogin Alfa. Bleeding may occur. Increase monitoring for signs/symptoms of bleeding during concomitant therapy. If possible, avoid use of drotrecogin within 7 days of use of any IIb/IIIa antagonists, higher dose aspirin (more than 650 mg/day), or use of other antiplatelet agents.
Dalteparin Low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) such as dalteparin may enhance the adverse/toxic effect of drotrecogin alfa. Bleeding may occur.
Enoxaparin Combination should be used with caution after weighing advantages and disadvantages. Low molecular weight heparins such as enoxaparin may increase the adverse effects of drotrecogin. Monitor for bleeding if used concomitantly.
Fondaparinux sodium Drotrecogin alfa may increase the adverse effects of fondaparinux, resulting in excessive bleeding. Concomitant use should be avoided.
Heparin The potential benefits of drotrecogin alfa should be weighed against an increased risk of bleeding in patients receiving therapeutic doses of heparin. Monitor for bleeding during concomitant therapy, and immediately stop infusion of drotrecogin if clinically important bleeding occurs. In patients receiving prophylactic heparin doses, consider continuing this during drotrecogin.
Ketoprofen The antiplatelet effect of ketoprofen may increase the bleed risk associated with drotrecogin alfa. Consider spacing use of the two agents by at least 7 days. Increase monitoring for signs and symptoms of bleeding during concomitant therapy.
Nadroparin The potential benefits of drotrecogin alfa should be weighed against an increased risk of bleeding in patients receiving therapeutic doses of low molecular weight heparins such as nadroparin. Monitor for bleeding during concomitant therapy, and immediately stop infusion of drotrecogin if clinically important bleeding occurs. In patients receiving prophylactic heparin doses, consider continuing this during drotrecogin.
Tenecteplase Increased risk of bleeding.
Tinzaparin Low molecular weight heparins (LMWHs) such as tinzaparin may enhance the adverse/toxic effects of drotrecogin alfa. Bleeding may occur. The potential benefits of drotrecogin alfa should be weighed against the increased risk of bleeding in patients on therapeutic doses of LMWHs.
Tolmetin Increased risk of bleeding. Monitor for increased bleeding during concomitant therapy.
Treprostinil The prostacyclin analogue, Treprostinil, increases the risk of bleeding when combined with the anticoagulant, Drotrecogin alfa. Monitor for increased bleeding during concomitant thearpy.
Urokinase Increased risk of bleeding.
Vilazodone Increase monitoring for signs/symptoms of bleeding during concomitant therapy. If possible, avoid use of drotrecogin within 7 days of use of any IIb/IIIa antagonists, higher dose aspirin (more than 650 mg/day), or use of other antiplatelet agents.
Warfarin Increased risk of bleeding.
Food Interactions Not Available

Targets


Coagulation factor VIII
Name Coagulation factor VIII
Gene Name F8
Pharmacological action yes
Actions multitarget
References
  • Geng JP, Castellino FJ: Properties of a recombinant chimeric protein in which the gamma-carboxyglutamic acid and helical stack domains of human anticoagulant protein C are replaced by those of human coagulation factor VII. Thromb Haemost. 1997 May;77(5):926-33. - Pubmed
  • Colin G, Annane D: Corticosteroids and human recombinant activated protein C for septic shock. Clin Chest Med. 2008 Dec;29(4):705-12, x. - Pubmed
  • Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 1.0365
Coagulation factor V
Name Coagulation factor V
Gene Name F5
Pharmacological action yes
Actions multitarget
References
  • Bernard GR, Vincent JL, Laterre PF, LaRosa SP, Dhainaut JF, Lopez-Rodriguez A, Steingrub JS, Garber GE, Helterbrand JD, Ely EW, Fisher CJ Jr: Efficacy and safety of recombinant human activated protein C for severe sepsis. N Engl J Med. 2001 Mar 8;344(10):699-709. - Pubmed
  • Kanji S, Devlin JW, Piekos KA, Racine E: Recombinant human activated protein C, drotrecogin alfa (activated): a novel therapy for severe sepsis. Pharmacotherapy. 2001 Nov;21(11):1389-402. - Pubmed
  • Lyseng-Williamson KA, Perry CM: Drotrecogin alfa (activated). Drugs. 2002;62(4):617-30; discussion 631-2. - Pubmed
  • Joyce DE, Grinnell BW: Recombinant human activated protein C attenuates the inflammatory response in endothelium and monocytes by modulating nuclear factor-kappaB. Crit Care Med. 2002 May;30(5 Suppl):S288-93. - Pubmed
  • Poe K: Drotrecogin alfa (activated) approved for treatment of severe sepsis. J Am Pharm Assoc (Wash). 2002 May-Jun;42(3):520-2. - Pubmed
  • Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 1.8304
Plasminogen activator inhibitor 1
Name Plasminogen activator inhibitor 1
Gene Name SERPINE1
Pharmacological action unknown
Actions Not Available
References
  • Carr ME: Diabetes mellitus: a hypercoagulable state. J Diabetes Complications. 2001 Jan-Feb;15(1):44-54. - Pubmed
  • Cerchiara E, Tirindelli MC, Giannetti B, Dicuonzo G, Avvisati G: [The numerous properties of the anticoagulant protein C] Clin Ter. 2007 Mar-Apr;158(2):181-7. - Pubmed
  • Idell S: Endothelium and disordered fibrin turnover in the injured lung: newly recognized pathways. Crit Care Med. 2002 May;30(5 Suppl):S274-80. - Pubmed
  • Dhainaut JF, Yan SB, Margolis BD, Lorente JA, Russell JA, Freebairn RC, Spapen HD, Riess H, Basson B, Johnson G 3rd, Kinasewitz GT: Drotrecogin alfa (activated) (recombinant human activated protein C) reduces host coagulopathy response in patients with severe sepsis. Thromb Haemost. 2003 Oct;90(4):642-53. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 0.992
Thrombomodulin
Name Thrombomodulin
Gene Name THBD
Pharmacological action unknown
Actions Not Available
References
  • Gresele P, Agnelli G: Novel approaches to the treatment of thrombosis. Trends Pharmacol Sci. 2002 Jan;23(1):25-32. - Pubmed
  • Pineda AO, Chen ZW, Caccia S, Cantwell AM, Savvides SN, Waksman G, Mathews FS, Di Cera E: The anticoagulant thrombin mutant W215A/E217A has a collapsed primary specificity pocket. J Biol Chem. 2004 Sep 17;279(38):39824-8. Epub 2004 Jul 13. - Pubmed
  • McCachren SS, Diggs J, Weinberg JB, Dittman WA: Thrombomodulin expression by human blood monocytes and by human synovial tissue lining macrophages. Blood. 1991 Dec 15;78(12):3128-32. - Pubmed
  • Shirai T, Shiojiri S, Ito H, Yamamoto S, Kusumoto H, Deyashiki Y, Maruyama I, Suzuki K: Gene structure of human thrombomodulin, a cofactor for thrombin-catalyzed activation of protein C. J Biochem (Tokyo). 1988 Feb;103(2):281-5. - Pubmed
  • Boffa MC, Burke B, Haudenschild C: [Different localization of thrombomodulin] Ann Biol Clin (Paris). 1987;45(2):191-7. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 0.8627
Vitamin K-dependent protein S
Name Vitamin K-dependent protein S
Gene Name PROS1
Pharmacological action unknown
Actions Not Available
References
  • Cvirn G, Gallistl S, Koestenberger M, Kutschera J, Leschnik B, Muntean W: Alpha 2-macroglobulin enhances prothrombin activation and thrombin potential by inhibiting the anticoagulant protein C/protein S system in cord and adult plasma. Thromb Res. 2002 Mar 1;105(5):433-9. - Pubmed
  • Hesselvik JF, Malm J, Dahlback B, Blomback M: Protein C, protein S and C4b-binding protein in severe infection and septic shock. Thromb Haemost. 1991 Feb 12;65(2):126-9. - Pubmed
  • Cosio FG, Harker C, Batard MA, Brandt JT, Griffin JH: Plasma concentrations of the natural anticoagulants protein C and protein S in patients with proteinuria. J Lab Clin Med. 1985 Aug;106(2):218-22. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 1.0956
Ceruloplasmin
Name Ceruloplasmin
Gene Name CP
Pharmacological action unknown
Actions Not Available
References
  • Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. - Pubmed
  • Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 0.98
Prothrombin
Name Prothrombin
Gene Name F2
Pharmacological action unknown
Actions Not Available
References
  • Omar MN, Shouk TA, Khaleq MA: Activity of blood coagulation and fibrinolysis during and after hydroxyethyl starch (HES) colloidal volume replacement. Clin Biochem. 1999 Jun;32(4):269-74. - Pubmed
  • Cvirn G, Gallistl S, Koestenberger M, Kutschera J, Leschnik B, Muntean W: Alpha 2-macroglobulin enhances prothrombin activation and thrombin potential by inhibiting the anticoagulant protein C/protein S system in cord and adult plasma. Thromb Res. 2002 Mar 1;105(5):433-9. - Pubmed
  • Gruber A, Cantwell AM, Di Cera E, Hanson SR: The thrombin mutant W215A/E217A shows safe and potent anticoagulant and antithrombotic effects in vivo. J Biol Chem. 2002 Aug 2;277(31):27581-4. Epub 2002 Jun 17. - Pubmed
  • Conway EM, Van de Wouwer M, Pollefeyt S, Jurk K, Van Aken H, De Vriese A, Weitz JI, Weiler H, Hellings PW, Schaeffer P, Herbert JM, Collen D, Theilmeier G: The lectin-like domain of thrombomodulin confers protection from neutrophil-mediated tissue damage by suppressing adhesion molecule expression via nuclear factor kappaB and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways. J Exp Med. 2002 Sep 2;196(5):565-77. - Pubmed
  • Levi M, De Jonge E, van der Poll T: Recombinant human activated protein C (Xigris). Int J Clin Pract. 2002 Sep;56(7):542-5. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 2.0193
Platelet factor 4
Name Platelet factor 4
Gene Name PF4
Pharmacological action unknown
Actions Not Available
References
  • Carr ME: Diabetes mellitus: a hypercoagulable state. J Diabetes Complications. 2001 Jan-Feb;15(1):44-54. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 0.981
Plasma serine protease inhibitor
Name Plasma serine protease inhibitor
Gene Name SERPINA5
Pharmacological action unknown
Actions Not Available
References
  • Shen L, Villoutreix BO, Dahlback B: Involvement of Lys 62(217) and Lys 63(218) of human anticoagulant protein C in heparin stimulation of inhibition by the protein C inhibitor. Thromb Haemost. 1999 Jul;82(1):72-9. - Pubmed
  • He X, Shen L, Bjartell A, Malm J, Lilja H, Dahlback B: The gene encoding vitamin K-dependent anticoagulant protein C is expressed in human male reproductive tissues. J Histochem Cytochem. 1995 Jun;43(6):563-70. - Pubmed
  • Kobayashi H, Gabazza EC, Taguchi O, Wada H, Takeya H, Nishioka J, Yasui H, Kobayashi T, Hataji O, Suzuki K, Adachi Y: Protein C anticoagulant system in patients with interstitial lung disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1998 Jun;157(6 Pt 1):1850-4. - Pubmed
  • Hayashi T, Suzuki K: [Molecular biology of protein C-thrombomodulin pathway. Structure and function, and basic studies on its clinical application] Nippon Rinsho. 1993 Jun;51(6):1610-9. - Pubmed
  • Berg DT, Gerlitz B, Shang J, Smith T, Santa P, Richardson MA, Kurz KD, Grinnell BW, Mace K, Jones BE: Engineering the proteolytic specificity of activated protein C improves its pharmacological properties. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Apr 15;100(8):4423-8. Epub 2003 Apr 1. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 0.9758
Serpin B6
Name Serpin B6
Gene Name SERPINB6
Pharmacological action unknown
Actions Not Available
References
  • Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. - Pubmed
  • Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 0.9804
Vitamin K-dependent gamma-carboxylase
Name Vitamin K-dependent gamma-carboxylase
Gene Name GGCX
Pharmacological action unknown
Actions Not Available
References
  • Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. - Pubmed
  • Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 1.2444
Endothelial protein C receptor
Name Endothelial protein C receptor
Gene Name PROCR
Pharmacological action unknown
Actions Not Available
References
  • Fukudome K, Ye X, Tsuneyoshi N, Tokunaga O, Sugawara K, Mizokami H, Kimoto M: Activation mechanism of anticoagulant protein C in large blood vessels involving the endothelial cell protein C receptor. J Exp Med. 1998 Apr 6;187(7):1029-35. - Pubmed
  • Ruf W, Dorfleutner A, Riewald M: Specificity of coagulation factor signaling. J Thromb Haemost. 2003 Jul;1(7):1495-503. - Pubmed
  • Castellino FJ, Liang Z, Volkir SP, Haalboom E, Martin JA, Sandoval-Cooper MJ, Rosen ED: Mice with a severe deficiency of the endothelial protein C receptor gene develop, survive, and reproduce normally, and do not present with enhanced arterial thrombosis after challenge. Thromb Haemost. 2002 Sep;88(3):462-72. - Pubmed
  • Cerchiara E, Tirindelli MC, Giannetti B, Dicuonzo G, Avvisati G: [The numerous properties of the anticoagulant protein C] Clin Ter. 2007 Mar-Apr;158(2):181-7. - Pubmed
  • Liaw PC: Endogenous protein C activation in patients with severe sepsis. Crit Care Med. 2004 May;32(5 Suppl):S214-8. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 1.3274

Predictions


Id Partner name Gene Name Score
5631 Bacteriorhodopsin alr3165 0.4896
791 Urokinase plasminogen activator surface receptor PLAUR 0.3158
422 Vitamin K-dependent protein C PROC 0.3
234 Plasminogen PLG 0.2711
595 Fibrinogen alpha chain FGA 0.2089
3831 Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 LRP1 0.1868
369 Coagulation factor VII F7 0.1846
239 Coagulation factor X F10 0.1692
798 Osteocalcin BGLAP 0.1529
1349 Plasminogen activator inhibitor 2 SERPINB2 0.1451
3834 Nidogen-1 NID1 0.1336
1547 Coagulation factor XI F11 0.1207
1792 Tissue-type plasminogen activator PLAT 0.1165
3011 Suppressor of tumorigenicity protein 14 ST14 0.1156
3176 Trypsin-1 PRSS1 0.1044
1074 Urokinase-type plasminogen activator PLAU 0.1017
1244 Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 2 LRP2 0.1008
1334 Tissue factor pathway inhibitor TFPI 0.0521
604 Vitamin K-dependent protein Z PROZ 0.0476
4081 Vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 1-like protein 1 VKORC1L1 0.0476
400 Coagulation factor IX F9 0.0473
5461 Coagulation factor IX F9 0.0473
3851 Serine protease hepsin HPN 0.0434
2139 Tissue factor F3 0.0381
3825 Tetranectin CLEC3B 0.0327
2111 Annexin A2 ANXA2 0.0326
3826 Keratin, type II cytoskeletal 8 KRT8 0.0326
1516 Calnexin CANX 0.0312
787 Vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 1 VKORC1 0.0304
243 Ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase [quinone] NQO2 0.0296
3830 Calreticulin CALR 0.0281
3917 Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase MTHFR 0.0275
6018 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-9 UGT1A9 0.0267
6178 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B7 UGT2B7 0.0264
273 Apoptosis regulator Bcl-2 BCL2 0.026
6176 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-3 UGT1A3 0.0256
6020 Aldehyde oxidase AOX1 0.0253
6180 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B4 UGT2B4 0.025
2157 NAD(P)H dehydrogenase [quinone] 1 NQO1 0.0247
6085 Fatty acid-binding protein, intestinal FABP2 0.0234
6022 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-1 UGT1A1 0.023
6024 Cytochrome P450 1A1 CYP1A1 0.023
2184 Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator CFTR 0.0229
3947 Xanthine dehydrogenase/oxidase XDH 0.0228
238 Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma PPARG 0.0226
4757 Cytochrome P450 2C9 CYP2C9 0.02
5718 Cytochrome P450 2A6 CYP2A6 0.018
3119 Fimbrial protein pilE1 0.0168
4924 Cytochrome P450 2C8 CYP2C8 0.0166
1632 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2B1 SLCO2B1 0.0163
6013 Cytochrome P450 2E1 CYP2E1 0.0162
6016 Cytochrome P450 2C19 CYP2C19 0.016
1024 Solute carrier family 22 member 11 SLC22A11 0.0159
2164 Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4 ABCC4 0.0155
862 Multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 ABCC1 0.0145
6139 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A2 SLCO1A2 0.0142
4200 Cytochrome P450 1A2 CYP1A2 0.0142
290 Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 PTGS2 0.014
6142 Solute carrier family 22 member 8 SLC22A8 0.0137
20 Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1 PTGS1 0.0131
6221 Steroid hormone receptor ERR1 ESRRA 0.0127
1729 Solute carrier family 22 member 6 SLC22A6 0.0126
587 Serum albumin ALB 0.0122
6564 Prephenate dehydrogenase tyrA 0.0122
6240 Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase NIMA-interacting 1 PIN1 0.0122
1588 Multidrug resistance protein 1 ABCB1 0.012
1457 Long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase 4 ACSL4 0.0116
2331 HTH-type transcriptional regulator qacR qacR 0.01
6461 HTH-type transcriptional regulator qacR qacR 0.01
6181 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-8 UGT1A8 0.01
6177 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-10 UGT1A10 0.01
3809 Estrogen-related receptor gamma ESRRG 0.0097
6828 TetR family transcriptional repressor LfrR lfrR 0.0095
256 Tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase, cytoplasmic YARS 0.0093
3384 Macrophage migration inhibitory factor MIF 0.009
6025 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-4 UGT1A4 0.009
2222 Equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 SLC29A1 0.0088
4118 Cytochrome P450 3A5 CYP3A5 0.0086
1757 Myeloperoxidase MPO 0.0083
776 Bile salt export pump ABCB11 0.007
4512 Cytochrome P450 3A4 CYP3A4 0.0069
3811 Cytochrome P450 19A1 CYP19A1 0.0067
1490 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1 SLCO1B1 0.0063
6107 Cytochrome P450 3A7 CYP3A7 0.0055
6030 Cytochrome P450 2B6 CYP2B6 0.0054
4165 P2Y purinoceptor 2 P2RY2 0.0047
4024 Mitochondrial glutamate carrier 2 SLC25A18 0.0042
4025 Mitochondrial glutamate carrier 1 SLC25A22 0.0042
4022 Glutamate--ammonia ligase domain-containing protein 1 LGSN 0.0042
4019 Excitatory amino acid transporter 4 SLC1A6 0.0042
919 Glutamate receptor, ionotropic kainate 4 GRIK4 0.0042
920 Glutamate receptor, ionotropic kainate 5 GRIK5 0.0042
4026 Aspartyl aminopeptidase DNPEP 0.0042
4021 Probable glutamyl-tRNA synthetase, mitochondrial EARS2 0.0042
4023 N-acetylglutamate synthase, mitochondrial NAGS 0.0042
1912 Excitatory amino acid transporter 1 SLC1A3 0.0042
4016 Excitatory amino acid transporter 5 SLC1A7 0.0042
1047 Excitatory amino acid transporter 2 SLC1A2 0.0042
922 Glutamate receptor 4 GRIA4 0.0042
664 Glutamate decarboxylase 2 GAD2 0.0042
3890 Glutamate decarboxylase 2 GAD2 0.0042
926 Metabotropic glutamate receptor 7 GRM7 0.0042
924 Glutamate receptor, ionotropic kainate 3 GRIK3 0.0042
915 Delta 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase ALDH18A1 0.0042
927 Metabotropic glutamate receptor 8 GRM8 0.0042
925 Metabotropic glutamate receptor 4 GRM4 0.0042
4020 Glutamyl aminopeptidase ENPEP 0.0042
4018 Glutamate receptor delta-2 subunit GRID2 0.0042
4027 Glutamate receptor delta-1 subunit GRID1 0.0042
4017 5-oxoprolinase OPLAH 0.0042
2654 Complement control protein C3L 0.0037
917 Glutaminase kidney isoform, mitochondrial GLS 0.0036
355 GMP synthase [glutamine-hydrolyzing] GMPS 0.0036
4353 GMP synthase [glutamine-hydrolyzing] guaA 0.0036
3991 Glutamine-dependent NAD(+) synthetase NADSYN1 0.0036
3984 Probable glutamyl-tRNA(Gln) amidotransferase subunit B, mitochondrial PET112L 0.0036
5 Glutaminase liver isoform, mitochondrial GLS2 0.0036
665 Phosphoserine aminotransferase PSAT1 0.0036
4652 Phosphoserine aminotransferase serC 0.0036
668 Glutamate--cysteine ligase regulatory subunit GCLM 0.0036
801 Kynurenine/alpha-aminoadipate aminotransferase mitochondrial AADAT 0.0036
3982 Phosphoribosylformylglycinamidine synthase PFAS 0.0036
5261 Phosphoribosylformylglycinamidine synthase purL 0.0036
3895 Kynurenine--oxoglutarate transaminase 3 CCBL2 0.0036
420 Glutamate decarboxylase 1 GAD1 0.0036
3900 Glutamate decarboxylase 1 GAD1 0.0036
830 Glutamate dehydrogenase 2, mitochondrial GLUD2 0.0035
382 Glutamate receptor, ionotropic kainate 1 GRIK1 0.0035
430 Follicle-stimulating hormone receptor FSHR 0.0034
5766 NAD-dependent deacetylase sirtuin-5 SIRT5 0.0034
625 Glutamate carboxypeptidase 2 FOLH1 0.0033
186 Glutamate--cysteine ligase catalytic subunit GCLC 0.0033
916 Metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 GRM1 0.0033
3842 Multiple coagulation factor deficiency protein 2 MCFD2 0.0033
3877 Growth-inhibiting protein 18 GIG18 0.0033
3841 ERGIC-53 protein LMAN1 0.0033
3840 Asialoglycoprotein receptor 2 ASGR2 0.0033
1847 78 kDa glucose-regulated protein HSPA5 0.0033
1635 von Willebrand factor VWF 0.0033
1671 Excitatory amino acid transporter 3 SLC1A1 0.0033
923 Glutamate receptor 3 GRIA3 0.0032
5455 Arylsulfatase A ARSA 0.0032
763 Tyrosine aminotransferase TAT 0.0031
5493 Tyrosine aminotransferase Not Available 0.0031
773 Folylpolyglutamate synthase, mitochondrial FPGS 0.0031
914 Formimidoyltransferase-cyclodeaminase FTCD 0.0031
735 Alanine aminotransferase 1 GPT 0.0031
3904 Alanine aminotransferase 2 GPT2 0.0031
426 Aspartate aminotransferase, mitochondrial GOT2 0.0031
4604 Liver carboxylesterase 1 CES1 0.0031
439 Glutamate [NMDA] receptor subunit epsilon-4 GRIN2D 0.0031
505 Glutamate [NMDA] receptor subunit epsilon-3 GRIN2C 0.003
201 Glutamate dehydrogenase 1, mitochondrial GLUD1 0.003
83 Alpha-aminoadipic semialdehyde synthase, mitochondrial AASS 0.003
586 Aspartate aminotransferase, cytoplasmic GOT1 0.0029
242 Asparagine synthetase [glutamine-hydrolyzing] ASNS 0.0029
591 Glutamate [NMDA] receptor subunit 3B GRIN3B 0.0029
210 Bifunctional aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase [Includes: Glutamyl-tRNA synthetase EPRS 0.0029
814 Ryanodine receptor 1 RYR1 0.0029
464 Glutamate [NMDA] receptor subunit epsilon-2 GRIN2B 0.0028
705 Glutamate receptor 1 GRIA1 0.0028
574 Branched-chain-amino-acid aminotransferase, cytosolic BCAT1 0.0027
795 Branched-chain-amino-acid aminotransferase, mitochondrial BCAT2 0.0027
33 Cystine/glutamate transporter SLC7A11 0.0027
837 Glutamate [NMDA] receptor subunit epsilon-1 GRIN2A 0.0027
401 Glutamate [NMDA] receptor subunit zeta-1 GRIN1 0.0027
3426 Glutamine synthetase glnA 0.0027
3987 Glutamine synthetase GLUL 0.0027
2981 Phospholipase A2, membrane associated PLA2G2A 0.0026
280 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase, mitochondrial ABAT 0.0026
3839 Phytanoyl-CoA dioxygenase, peroxisomal PHYH 0.0023
723 Cytosolic phospholipase A2 PLA2G4A 0.0023
706 Glutamate [NMDA] receptor subunit 3A GRIN3A 0.0022
918 Glutamate receptor, ionotropic kainate 2 GRIK2 0.0022
738 Monocarboxylate transporter 1 SLC16A1 0.0021
6151 Monocarboxylate transporter 10 SLC16A10 0.002
921 Glutamate receptor 2 GRIA2 0.0019
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