DT-Web

DB01113 - Papaverine


Identification
Name Papaverine
Accession Number DB01113 (APRD00628, DB07725)
Type small molecule
Description An alkaloid found in opium but not closely related to the other opium alkaloids in its structure or pharmacological actions. It is a direct-acting smooth muscle relaxant used in the treatment of impotence and as a vasodilator, especially for cerebral vasodilation. The mechanism of its pharmacological actions is not clear, but it apparently can inhibit phosphodiesterases and it may have direct actions on calcium channels. [PubChem]
Structure
MOL SDF PDB SMILES InChI
Categories (*)
Molecular Weight 339.385
Groups approved
Monoisotopic Weight 339.147058165
Pharmacology
Indication For the treatment of impotence and vasospasms.
Mechanism of action Perhaps by its direct vasodilating action on cerebral blood vessels, Papaverine increases cerebral blood flow and decreases cerebral vascular resistance in normal subjects; oxygen consumption is unaltered. These effects may explain the benefit reported from the drug in cerebral vascular encephalopathy.
Absorption Not Available
Protein binding ~90%
Biotransformation Not Available
Route of elimination Not Available
Toxicity Not Available
Affected organisms
  • Humans and other mammals
Interactions
Drug Interactions
Drug Mechanism of interaction
Alvimopan Increases levels by receptor binding competition. Discontinue opioid administration at least 7 days prior to administrating Alvimopan.
Treprostinil Additive hypotensive effect. Monitor antihypertensive therapy during concomitant use.
Food Interactions Not Available

Targets


cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4B
Name cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4B
Gene Name PDE4B
Pharmacological action yes
Actions inhibitor
References
  • Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. - Pubmed
  • Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. - Pubmed
  • Xin ZC, Kim EK, Lin CS, Liu WJ, Tian L, Yuan YM, Fu J: Effects of icariin on cGMP-specific PDE5 and cAMP-specific PDE4 activities. Asian J Androl. 2003 Mar;5(1):15-8. - Pubmed
  • Zhu S, Gan Z, Li Z, Liu Y, Yang X, Deng P, Xie Y, Yu M, Liao H, Zhao Y, Zhao L, Liao F: The measurement of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase 4 activities via the quantification of inorganic phosphate with malachite green. Anal Chim Acta. 2009 Mar 16;636(1):105-10. Epub 2009 Jan 22. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score Not Available
cAMP and cAMP-inhibited cGMP 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 10A
Name cAMP and cAMP-inhibited cGMP 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 10A
Gene Name PDE10A
Pharmacological action unknown
Actions inhibitor
References
  • Weber M, Breier M, Ko D, Thangaraj N, Marzan DE, Swerdlow NR: Evaluating the antipsychotic profile of the preferential PDE10A inhibitor, papaverine. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2009 May;203(4):723-35. Epub 2008 Dec 9. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score Not Available

Predictions


Id Partner name Gene Name Score
2358 cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4D PDE4D 0.2301
1971 cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4A PDE4A 0.1514
4109 cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4C PDE4C 0.0688
485 cGMP-inhibited 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase A PDE3A 0.057
1787 Nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit NFKB1 0.0422
2684 Histidine triad nucleotide-binding protein 1 HINT1 0.0408
3806 cGMP-dependent 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase PDE2A 0.0402
1178 Adenosine A2a receptor ADORA2A 0.0338
16 Adenosine A1 receptor ADORA1 0.0331
204 cGMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase PDE5A 0.0299
7 Nitric oxide synthase, inducible NOS2 0.0288
268 Adenosine A2b receptor ADORA2B 0.0283
3957 Adenosine deaminase ADA 0.0205
777 Tumor necrosis factor TNF 0.0205
20 Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1 PTGS1 0.0198
691 cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 7B PDE7B 0.0164
779 High-affinity cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 7A PDE7A 0.0162
6136 Multidrug resistance-associated protein 5 ABCC5 0.0152
4512 Cytochrome P450 3A4 CYP3A4 0.0138
4200 Cytochrome P450 1A2 CYP1A2 0.0129
2164 Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4 ABCC4 0.0128
1588 Multidrug resistance protein 1 ABCB1 0.0107
1830 5'-nucleotidase NT5E 0.0104
6013 Cytochrome P450 2E1 CYP2E1 0.0102
6216 High affinity cAMP-specific and IBMX-insensitive 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 8A PDE8A 0.0083
6217 High affinity cAMP-specific and IBMX-insensitive 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 8B PDE8B 0.0081
2347 Proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase Pim-1 PIM1 0.007
5691 DTDP-4-DEHYDRORHAMNOSE 3,5-EPIMERASE RMLC rmlC 0.0067
3361 Serpin B5 SERPINB5 0.0067
5694 Transcription antiterminator licT licT 0.0067
1792 Tissue-type plasminogen activator PLAT 0.0066
527 Prostacyclin receptor PTGIR 0.006
73 Prostaglandin E2 receptor, EP1 subtype PTGER1 0.0055
6040 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, decarboxylating PGD 0.0054
56 Delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase ALAD 0.0054
2356 Delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase hemB 0.0054
3613 Delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase hemB 0.0054
3674 Delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase hemB 0.0054
6152 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2A1 SLCO2A1 0.0053
6160 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 3A1 SLCO3A1 0.0052
2286 Isocitrate dehydrogenase [NADP] icd 0.0051
2302 Isocitrate dehydrogenase [NADP] icd 0.0051
2771 Isocitrate dehydrogenase [NADP] icd 0.0051
1898 Cytochrome P450 1B1 CYP1B1 0.005
851 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit beta-2 PRKAB2 0.0049
388 AMP deaminase 1 AMPD1 0.0049
4534 Cytohesin-2 CYTH2 0.0048
814 Ryanodine receptor 1 RYR1 0.0048
3668 Maltose-binding periplasmic protein precursor malE 0.0047
1632 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2B1 SLCO2B1 0.0043
5692 Calcium/calmodulin-dependent 3',5'-cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase 1B PDE1B 0.0042
1291 cAMP response element-binding protein CREB1 0.0042
386 Acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase, cytoplasmic ACSS2 0.0042
821 Acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase 2-like, mitochondrial ACSS1 0.0042
704 Long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase 1 ACSL1 0.0042
297 Adenylate cyclase type 1 ADCY1 0.0042
2592 Beta-galactosidase lacZ 0.0042
6024 Cytochrome P450 1A1 CYP1A1 0.0041
281 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit beta-1 PRKAB1 0.004
315 Arginase-1 ARG1 0.004
748 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-1 PRKAA1 0.0039
128 Adenine phosphoribosyltransferase APRT 0.0038
4198 Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase 1 FBP1 0.0038
6021 Adenosine kinase ADK 0.0037
4924 Cytochrome P450 2C8 CYP2C8 0.0036
492 Histamine H1 receptor HRH1 0.0035
10 Glycogen phosphorylase, liver form PYGL 0.0035
4122 Histone deacetylase 2 HDAC2 0.0035
24 Thymidylate synthase TMP1 0.0033
359 Thymidylate synthase TYMS 0.0033
2626 Thymidylate synthase thyA 0.0033
2729 Thymidylate synthase thyA 0.0033
5352 Thymidylate synthase THYA 0.0033
4757 Cytochrome P450 2C9 CYP2C9 0.0033
4119 Cytochrome P450 2D6 CYP2D6 0.0032
6263 cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha PRKACA 0.0032
6143 Solute carrier family 22 member 7 SLC22A7 0.0022
6107 Cytochrome P450 3A7 CYP3A7 0.0021
4118 Cytochrome P450 3A5 CYP3A5 0.002
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