DT-Web

DB01390 - Sodium bicarbonate


Identification
Name Sodium bicarbonate
Accession Number DB01390
Type small molecule
Description Sodium bicarbonate is a white, crystalline powder that is commonly used as a pH buffering agent, an electrolyte replenisher, systemic alkalizer and in topical cleansing solutions.
Structure
MOL SDF PDB SMILES InChI
Categories (*)
Molecular Weight 84.0066
Groups approved
Monoisotopic Weight 83.982338573
Pharmacology
Indication Sodium bicarbonate is used for the treatment of metabolic acidosis which may occur in severe renal disease, uncontrolled diabetes, circulatory insufficiency due to shock or severe dehydration, extracorporeal circulation of blood, cardiac arrest and severe primary lactic acidosis. Also is indicated in severe diarrhea which is often accompanied by a significant loss of bicarbonate. Further indicated in the treatment of certain drug intoxications, including barbiturates (where dissociation of the barbiturateprotein complex is desired), in poisoning by salicylates or methyl alcohol and in hemolytic reactions requiring alkalinization of the urine to diminish nephrotoxicity of blood pigments.
Mechanism of action Sodium bicarbonate is a systemic alkalizer, which increases plasma bicarbonate, buffers excess hydrogen ion concentration, and raises blood pH, thereby reversing the clinical manifestations of acidosis. It is also a urinary alkalizer, increasing the excretion of free bicarbonate ions in the urine, thus effectively raising the urinary pH. By maintaining an alkaline urine, the actual dissolution of uric acid stones may be accomplished. Sodium bicarbonate acts as an antacid and reacts chemically to neutralize or buffer existing quantities of stomach acid but has no direct effect on its output. This action results in increased pH value of stomach contents, thus providing relief of hyperacidity symptoms. [PharmGKB]
Absorption Not Available
Protein binding Not Available
Biotransformation Not Available
Route of elimination Not Available
Toxicity Not Available
Affected organisms
  • Humans and other mammals
Interactions
Drug Interactions
Drug Mechanism of interaction
Atazanavir This gastric pH modifier decreases the levels/effect of atazanavir
Benzphetamine Alkalinizing agents such as sodium bicarbonate may decrease the excretion of amphetamines like benzphetamine. Increased clinical effects and/or toxicity may occur. Therapy modification should be considered.
Deferiprone Deferiprone may decrease gastrointestinal absorption by chelating to other ions. Interaction is significant so monitor closely.
Eltrombopag Levels of eltrombopag are decreased due to GI inhibition. Separate administration by at least 4 hours.
Lithium The urine alkalizer decreases the effect of lithium
Memantine Possible increased levels of memantine
Methenamine mandelate Urine alkalizer decreases the effect of methenamine
Quinidine The antacid increases the effect of quinidine
Ticlopidine Sodium bicarbonate may decrease Ticlopidine levels. Administer agents 1 to 2 hours apart.
Tipranavir Sodium bicarbonate may decrease the absorption of Tipranavir. Separate administration of the agents and monitor for decreased efficacy of Tipranavir.
Trandolapril Sodium bicarbonate may decrease the absorption of Trandolapril. Administration should be spaced.
Food Interactions Not Available

Targets


Hydrogen ions
Name Hydrogen ions
Gene Name Not Available
Pharmacological action yes
Actions neutralizer
References
  • Nudel DB, Peterson BJ, Buckley BJ, Kaplan NA, Weinhaouse E, Gootman N: Comparative effects of bicarbonate and dichloroacetate in newborn swine with hypoxic lactic acidosis. Dev Pharmacol Ther. 1990;15(2):86-93. - Pubmed
  • Roderick P, Willis NS, Blakeley S, Jones C, Tomson C: Correction of chronic metabolic acidosis for chronic kidney disease patients. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2007 Jan 24;(1):CD001890. - Pubmed
  • Balali-Mood M, Balali-Mood K: Neurotoxic disorders of organophosphorus compounds and their managements. Arch Iran Med. 2008 Jan;11(1):65-89. - Pubmed
  • Vaughan-Jones RD, Spitzer KW: Role of bicarbonate in the regulation of intracellular pH in the mammalian ventricular myocyte. Biochem Cell Biol. 2002;80(5):579-96. - Pubmed
  • Levraut J, Giunti C, Ciebiera JP, de Sousa G, Ramhani R, Payan P, Grimaud D: Initial effect of sodium bicarbonate on intracellular pH depends on the extracellular nonbicarbonate buffering capacity. Crit Care Med. 2001 May;29(5):1033-9. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score Not Available

Transporters


Electrogenic sodium bicarbonate cotransporter 1
Name Electrogenic sodium bicarbonate cotransporter 1
Gene Name SLC4A4
Actions substrate
References
  • Bernardo AA, Bernardo CM, Espiritu DJ, Arruda JA: The sodium bicarbonate cotransporter: structure, function, and regulation. Semin Nephrol. 2006 Sep;26(5):352-60. - Pubmed
  • Kurtz I, Petrasek D, Tatishchev S: Molecular mechanisms of electrogenic sodium bicarbonate cotransport: structural and equilibrium thermodynamic considerations. J Membr Biol. 2004 Jan 15;197(2):77-90. - Pubmed
  • Soleimani M: Functional and molecular properties of Na+:HCO-3 cotransporters (NBC). Minerva Urol Nefrol. 2003 Jun;55(2):131-40. - Pubmed
  • Soleimani M: Na+:HCO3- cotransporters (NBC): expression and regulation in the kidney. J Nephrol. 2002 Mar-Apr;15 Suppl 5:S32-40. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score Not Available
Sodium bicarbonate cotransporter 3
Name Sodium bicarbonate cotransporter 3
Gene Name SLC4A7
Actions substrate
References
  • Bernardo AA, Bernardo CM, Espiritu DJ, Arruda JA: The sodium bicarbonate cotransporter: structure, function, and regulation. Semin Nephrol. 2006 Sep;26(5):352-60. - Pubmed
  • Kurtz I, Petrasek D, Tatishchev S: Molecular mechanisms of electrogenic sodium bicarbonate cotransport: structural and equilibrium thermodynamic considerations. J Membr Biol. 2004 Jan 15;197(2):77-90. - Pubmed
  • Soleimani M: Functional and molecular properties of Na+:HCO-3 cotransporters (NBC). Minerva Urol Nefrol. 2003 Jun;55(2):131-40. - Pubmed
  • Soleimani M: Na+:HCO3- cotransporters (NBC): expression and regulation in the kidney. J Nephrol. 2002 Mar-Apr;15 Suppl 5:S32-40. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score Not Available
Electroneutral sodium bicarbonate exchanger 1
Name Electroneutral sodium bicarbonate exchanger 1
Gene Name SLC4A8
Actions substrate
References
  • Bernardo AA, Bernardo CM, Espiritu DJ, Arruda JA: The sodium bicarbonate cotransporter: structure, function, and regulation. Semin Nephrol. 2006 Sep;26(5):352-60. - Pubmed
  • Kurtz I, Petrasek D, Tatishchev S: Molecular mechanisms of electrogenic sodium bicarbonate cotransport: structural and equilibrium thermodynamic considerations. J Membr Biol. 2004 Jan 15;197(2):77-90. - Pubmed
  • Soleimani M: Functional and molecular properties of Na+:HCO-3 cotransporters (NBC). Minerva Urol Nefrol. 2003 Jun;55(2):131-40. - Pubmed
  • Soleimani M: Na+:HCO3- cotransporters (NBC): expression and regulation in the kidney. J Nephrol. 2002 Mar-Apr;15 Suppl 5:S32-40. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score Not Available
Electrogenic sodium bicarbonate cotransporter 4
Name Electrogenic sodium bicarbonate cotransporter 4
Gene Name SLC4A5
Actions substrate
References
  • Bernardo AA, Bernardo CM, Espiritu DJ, Arruda JA: The sodium bicarbonate cotransporter: structure, function, and regulation. Semin Nephrol. 2006 Sep;26(5):352-60. - Pubmed
  • Kurtz I, Petrasek D, Tatishchev S: Molecular mechanisms of electrogenic sodium bicarbonate cotransport: structural and equilibrium thermodynamic considerations. J Membr Biol. 2004 Jan 15;197(2):77-90. - Pubmed
  • Soleimani M: Functional and molecular properties of Na+:HCO-3 cotransporters (NBC). Minerva Urol Nefrol. 2003 Jun;55(2):131-40. - Pubmed
  • Soleimani M: Na+:HCO3- cotransporters (NBC): expression and regulation in the kidney. J Nephrol. 2002 Mar-Apr;15 Suppl 5:S32-40. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score Not Available
Sodium-driven chloride bicarbonate exchanger
Name Sodium-driven chloride bicarbonate exchanger
Gene Name SLC4A10
Actions substrate
References
  • Bernardo AA, Bernardo CM, Espiritu DJ, Arruda JA: The sodium bicarbonate cotransporter: structure, function, and regulation. Semin Nephrol. 2006 Sep;26(5):352-60. - Pubmed
  • Kurtz I, Petrasek D, Tatishchev S: Molecular mechanisms of electrogenic sodium bicarbonate cotransport: structural and equilibrium thermodynamic considerations. J Membr Biol. 2004 Jan 15;197(2):77-90. - Pubmed
  • Soleimani M: Functional and molecular properties of Na+:HCO-3 cotransporters (NBC). Minerva Urol Nefrol. 2003 Jun;55(2):131-40. - Pubmed
  • Soleimani M: Na+:HCO3- cotransporters (NBC): expression and regulation in the kidney. J Nephrol. 2002 Mar-Apr;15 Suppl 5:S32-40. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score Not Available

Predictions


Id Partner name Gene Name Score
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