DT-Web

DB00445 - Epirubicin


Identification
Name Epirubicin
Accession Number DB00445 (APRD00361)
Type small molecule
Description An anthracycline which is the 4'-epi-isomer of doxorubicin. The compound exerts its antitumor effects by interference with the synthesis and function of DNA. [PubChem]
Structure
MOL SDF PDB SMILES InChI
Categories (*)
Molecular Weight 543.5193
Groups approved
Monoisotopic Weight 543.174060775
Pharmacology
Indication For use as a component of adjuvant therapy in patients with evidence of axillary node tumor involvement following resection of primary breast cancer.
Mechanism of action Epirubicin has antimitotic and cytotoxic activity. It inhibits nucleic acid (DNA and RNA) and protein synthesis through a number of proposed mechanisms of action: Epirubicin forms complexes with DNA by intercalation between base pairs, and it inhibits topoisomerase II activity by stabilizing the DNA-topoisomerase II complex, preventing the religation portion of the ligation-religation reaction that topoisomerase II catalyzes. It also interferes with DNA replication and transcription by inhibiting DNA helicase activity.
Absorption 100%
Protein binding 77%
Biotransformation Extensively and rapidly metabolized in the liver. Epirubicin is also metabolized by other organs and cells, including red blood cells. The four main metabolic routes are: (1) reduction of the C-13 keto-group with the formation of the 13(S)-dihydro derivative, epirubicinol; (2) conjugation of both the unchanged drug and epirubicinol with glucuronic acid; (3) loss of the amino sugar moiety through a hydrolytic process with the formation of the doxorubicin and doxorubicinol aglycones; and (4) loss of the amino sugar moiety through a redox process with the formation of the 7-deoxy-doxorubicin aglycone and 7-deoxy-doxorubicinol aglycone. Epirubicinol exhibits in vitro cytoxic activity (~10% that of epirubicin), but it is unlikely to reach sufficient concentrations in vivo to produce cytotoxic effects.
Route of elimination Epirubicin and its major metabolites are eliminated through biliary excretion and, to a lesser extent, by urinary excretion.
Toxicity bone marrow aplasia, grade 4 mucositis, and gastrointestinal bleeding
Affected organisms
  • Humans and other mammals
Interactions
Drug Interactions
Drug Mechanism of interaction
Cimetidine Cimetidine can increase epirubicin levels
Trastuzumab Trastuzumab may increase the cardiotoxicity of Epirubicin. Signs and symptoms of cardiac dysfunction should be monitored for frequently. Increased risk of heart failure. Trastuzumab may increase the risk of neutropenia and anemia. Monitor closely for signs and symptoms of adverse events.
Food Interactions
  • Liberal fluid intake to increase urine output and help the excretion of uric acid.

Targets


Chromodomain-helicase-DNA-binding protein 1
Name Chromodomain-helicase-DNA-binding protein 1
Gene Name CHD1
Pharmacological action yes
Actions antagonist
References
  • Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. - Pubmed
  • Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 0.4758
DNA topoisomerase 2-alpha
Name DNA topoisomerase 2-alpha
Gene Name TOP2A
Pharmacological action unknown
Actions inhibitor
References
  • Petit T, Wilt M, Velten M, Millon R, Rodier JF, Borel C, Mors R, Haegele P, Eber M, Ghnassia JP: Comparative value of tumour grade, hormonal receptors, Ki-67, HER-2 and topoisomerase II alpha status as predictive markers in breast cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant anthracycline-based chemotherapy. Eur J Cancer. 2004 Jan;40(2):205-11. - Pubmed
  • Knoop AS, Knudsen H, Balslev E, Rasmussen BB, Overgaard J, Nielsen KV, Schonau A, Gunnarsdottir K, Olsen KE, Mouridsen H, Ejlertsen B: retrospective analysis of topoisomerase IIa amplifications and deletions as predictive markers in primary breast cancer patients randomly assigned to cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and fluorouracil or cyclophosphamide, epirubicin, and fluorouracil: Danish Breast Cancer Cooperative Group. J Clin Oncol. 2005 Oct 20;23(30):7483-90. - Pubmed
  • Liang CH, Shiu LY, Chang LC, Sheu HM, Kuo KW: Solamargine upregulation of Fas, downregulation of HER2, and enhancement of cytotoxicity using epirubicin in NSCLC cells. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2007 Aug;51(8):999-1005. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 0.5328
DNA
Name DNA
Gene Name Not Available
Pharmacological action unknown
Actions intercalation
References
  • Ganzina F: 4'-epi-doxorubicin, a new analogue of doxorubicin: a preliminary overview of preclinical and clinical data. Cancer Treat Rev. 1983 Mar;10(1):1-22. - Pubmed
  • Williams LD, Frederick CA, Ughetto G, Rich A: Ternary interactions of spermine with DNA: 4'-epiadriamycin and other DNA: anthracycline complexes. Nucleic Acids Res. 1990 Sep 25;18(18):5533-41. - Pubmed
  • Podell ER, Harrington DJ, Taatjes DJ, Koch TH: Crystal structure of epidoxorubicin-formaldehyde virtual crosslink of DNA and evidence for its formation in human breast-cancer cells. Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr. 1999 Sep;55(Pt 9):1516-23. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score Not Available

Enzymes


UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B7
Name UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B7
Gene Name UGT2B7
Actions substrate
References
  • Innocenti F, Iyer L, Ramirez J, Green MD, Ratain MJ: Epirubicin glucuronidation is catalyzed by human UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B7. Drug Metab Dispos. 2001 May;29(5):686-92. - Pubmed
  • Zaya MJ, Hines RN, Stevens JC: Epirubicin glucuronidation and UGT2B7 developmental expression. Drug Metab Dispos. 2006 Dec;34(12):2097-101. Epub 2006 Sep 19. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 0.2831
Cytosolic phospholipase A2
Name Cytosolic phospholipase A2
Gene Name PLA2G4A
Actions inhibitor
References
  • Grataroli R, Leonardi J, Chautan M, Lafont H, Nalbone G: Effect of anthracyclines on phospholipase A2 activity and prostaglandin E2 production in rat gastric mucosa. Biochem Pharmacol. 1993 Aug 3;46(3):349-55. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 0.5466

Transporters


Multidrug resistance-associated protein 1
Name Multidrug resistance-associated protein 1
Gene Name ABCC1
Actions substrate
References
  • Godinot N, Iversen PW, Tabas L, Xia X, Williams DC, Dantzig AH, Perry WL 3rd: Cloning and functional characterization of the multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP1/ABCC1) from the cynomolgus monkey. Mol Cancer Ther. 2003 Mar;2(3):307-16. - Pubmed
  • Nunoya K, Grant CE, Zhang D, Cole SP, Deeley RG: Molecular cloning and pharmacological characterization of rat multidrug resistance protein 1 (mrp1). Drug Metab Dispos. 2003 Aug;31(8):1016-26. - Pubmed
  • Stride BD, Grant CE, Loe DW, Hipfner DR, Cole SP, Deeley RG: Pharmacological characterization of the murine and human orthologs of multidrug-resistance protein in transfected human embryonic kidney cells. Mol Pharmacol. 1997 Sep;52(3):344-53. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 0.3063

Predictions


Id Partner name Gene Name Score
477 DNA topoisomerase 4 subunit A parC 0.1418
886 DNA topoisomerase 4 subunit A parC 0.1418
6226 DNA topoisomerase 4 subunit A parC 0.1418
404 DNA gyrase subunit A gyrA 0.1393
6224 DNA gyrase subunit A gyrA 0.1393
4512 Cytochrome P450 3A4 CYP3A4 0.1138
1588 Multidrug resistance protein 1 ABCB1 0.1045
1193 Proteinase-activated receptor 1 F2R 0.0777
1729 Solute carrier family 22 member 6 SLC22A6 0.0734
1735 Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1 ABCC2 0.07
4118 Cytochrome P450 3A5 CYP3A5 0.0679
4757 Cytochrome P450 2C9 CYP2C9 0.064
4200 Cytochrome P450 1A2 CYP1A2 0.0636
1732 ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 2 ABCG2 0.0628
6022 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-1 UGT1A1 0.0579
6018 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-9 UGT1A9 0.049
6176 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-3 UGT1A3 0.0489
4192 DNA topoisomerase 2-beta TOP2B 0.0476
234 Plasminogen PLG 0.0448
4119 Cytochrome P450 2D6 CYP2D6 0.0433
232 Corticosteroid-binding globulin SERPINA6 0.0432
290 Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 PTGS2 0.0423
6107 Cytochrome P450 3A7 CYP3A7 0.0418
6016 Cytochrome P450 2C19 CYP2C19 0.0415
4924 Cytochrome P450 2C8 CYP2C8 0.0406
871 Glucocorticoid receptor NR3C1 0.0394
6137 Multidrug resistance-associated protein 6 ABCC6 0.0342
118 Organic cation/carnitine transporter 2 SLC22A5 0.0332
6020 Aldehyde oxidase AOX1 0.0327
20 Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1 PTGS1 0.0323
587 Serum albumin ALB 0.0311
4180 DNA-(apurinic or apyrimidinic site) lyase APEX1 0.0305
6116 Gastric triacylglycerol lipase LIPF 0.0301
1757 Myeloperoxidase MPO 0.0301
1490 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1 SLCO1B1 0.0288
6139 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A2 SLCO1A2 0.028
1295 Fatty acid synthase FASN 0.028
754 Pancreatic triacylglycerol lipase PNLIP 0.0268
6144 Solute carrier family 22 member 2 SLC22A2 0.0261
1709 Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 2 ABCC3 0.0257
3823 Cytokine receptor common gamma chain IL2RG 0.0254
6013 Cytochrome P450 2E1 CYP2E1 0.0247
776 Bile salt export pump ABCB11 0.0244
6030 Cytochrome P450 2B6 CYP2B6 0.0234
2164 Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4 ABCC4 0.0231
4132 Chloride channel protein ClC-Ka CLCNKA 0.0225
1353 DNA topoisomerase 1 TOP1 0.0221
3552 DNA topoisomerase 1 topA 0.0221
724 Interleukin-2 receptor alpha chain IL2RA 0.0221
717 Interleukin-2 receptor subunit beta IL2RB 0.0221
813 Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-2 CHRNA2 0.0219
6180 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B4 UGT2B4 0.0216
1632 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2B1 SLCO2B1 0.0207
1770 Phospholipase C PLCL1 0.0206
2841 Phospholipase C plc 0.0206
1759 85 kDa calcium-independent phospholipase A2 PLA2G6 0.0206
1898 Cytochrome P450 1B1 CYP1B1 0.0202
6148 Multidrug resistance-associated protein 7 ABCC10 0.02
4165 P2Y purinoceptor 2 P2RY2 0.0198
161 Tubulin beta chain TUBB 0.0191
312 Tubulin beta chain TUB2 0.0191
738 Monocarboxylate transporter 1 SLC16A1 0.0183
6157 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B3 SLCO1B3 0.0179
430 Follicle-stimulating hormone receptor FSHR 0.0179
617 Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2 CHRM2 0.0179
3947 Xanthine dehydrogenase/oxidase XDH 0.0179
2981 Phospholipase A2, membrane associated PLA2G2A 0.0175
103 Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1 CHRM1 0.0171
2404 Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit gamma isoform PIK3CG 0.0164
489 Monocarboxylate transporter 2 SLC16A7 0.0163
6142 Solute carrier family 22 member 8 SLC22A8 0.0161
6024 Cytochrome P450 1A1 CYP1A1 0.0161
2654 Complement control protein C3L 0.0161
631 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase HMGCR 0.0159
3387 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase mvaA 0.0159
6177 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-10 UGT1A10 0.0159
614 Progesterone receptor PGR 0.0159
3233 Bile acid receptor NR1H4 0.0156
606 Cytochrome P450 27, mitochondrial CYP27A1 0.0154
5766 NAD-dependent deacetylase sirtuin-5 SIRT5 0.0154
238 Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma PPARG 0.0152
2539 Tubulin alpha-1 chain TUBA4A 0.0152
6500 Phospholipase A2 PLA2G1B 0.015
5455 Arylsulfatase A ARSA 0.0146
833 Organic cation/carnitine transporter 1 SLC22A4 0.0146
814 Ryanodine receptor 1 RYR1 0.0146
4203 Histamine N-methyltransferase HNMT 0.0143
737 Mineralocorticoid receptor NR3C2 0.0143
6143 Solute carrier family 22 member 7 SLC22A7 0.014
731 HIV-1 protease HIV-1 protease 0.0137
4604 Liver carboxylesterase 1 CES1 0.0136
838 Inosine-5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase 1 IMPDH1 0.0135
796 Inosine-5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase 2 IMPDH2 0.0135
54 Prothrombin F2 0.0134
6138 Multidrug resistance protein 3 ABCB4 0.013
3307 Acriflavine resistance protein B acrB 0.013
101 Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2 KCNH2 0.0126
1024 Solute carrier family 22 member 11 SLC22A11 0.0122
230 ATP-binding cassette transporter sub-family C member 8 ABCC8 0.012
2331 HTH-type transcriptional regulator qacR qacR 0.0118
6461 HTH-type transcriptional regulator qacR qacR 0.0118
6141 Sodium/bile acid cotransporter SLC10A1 0.0117
6181 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-8 UGT1A8 0.0116
1181 Alpha-1-acid glycoprotein 1 ORM1 0.0112
6145 Solute carrier family 22 member 1 SLC22A1 0.0108
5718 Cytochrome P450 2A6 CYP2A6 0.0104
467 Delta-type opioid receptor OPRD1 0.0102
696 Kappa-type opioid receptor OPRK1 0.0101
6599 HTH-type transcriptional regulator ttgR ttgR 0.01
992 Protein tyrosine kinase 2 beta PTK2B 0.0098
6136 Multidrug resistance-associated protein 5 ABCC5 0.0097
847 Mu-type opioid receptor OPRM1 0.0097
6058 Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthetase GGPS1 0.0095
853 Farnesyl pyrophosphate synthetase FDPS 0.0092
6339 Ig kappa chain V-II region RPMI 6410 Not Available 0.0081
373 Transthyretin TTR 0.008
4120 NADPH--cytochrome P450 reductase POR 0.0079
243 Ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase [quinone] NQO2 0.0076
6155 ATP-binding cassette transporter sub-family C member 11 ABCC11 0.0076
6147 Solute carrier family 22 member 3 SLC22A3 0.0076
273 Apoptosis regulator Bcl-2 BCL2 0.0074
136 Estrogen receptor ESR1 0.0072
6228 Nuclear receptor coactivator 1 NCOA1 0.0068
6241 Nuclear receptor coactivator 2 NCOA2 0.0067
869 Estrogen receptor beta ESR2 0.0063
29 Tubulin beta-1 chain TUBB1 0.0063
6158 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1C1 SLCO1C1 0.0063
952 Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 DPP4 0.0063
890 Niemann-Pick C1-like protein 1 NPC1L1 0.0061
6085 Fatty acid-binding protein, intestinal FABP2 0.0061
6150 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 4C1 SLCO4C1 0.0057
908 Glutathione S-transferase theta-1 GSTT1 0.0055
789 Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor ADRA1D 0.0055
6179 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B17 UGT2B17 0.0055
1760 Aminopeptidase N ANPEP 0.0054
6843 Aminopeptidase N pepN 0.0054
117 Sterol O-acyltransferase 1 SOAT1 0.0053
2021 Thrombomodulin THBD 0.0053
6172 ATP-binding cassette sub-family B member 8, mitochondrial ABCB8 0.0053
380 Cytochrome P450 17A1 CYP17A1 0.0051
6160 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 3A1 SLCO3A1 0.0051
2184 Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator CFTR 0.0051
6106 Cytochrome P450 2C18 CYP2C18 0.005
632 Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor ADRA1B 0.0049
4099 Gamma-aminobutyric-acid receptor subunit beta-3 GABRB3 0.0048
459 Retinoic acid receptor RXR-alpha RXRA 0.0046
461 Glycine receptor subunit alpha-3 GLRA3 0.0046
556 Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor ADRA1A 0.0044
904 Glutathione S-transferase P GSTP1 0.0044
337 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 7, mitochondrial NDUFS7 0.0044
214 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 3, mitochondrial NDUFS3 0.0044
841 Gamma-aminobutyric-acid receptor subunit alpha-6 GABRA6 0.0043
803 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 2, mitochondrial NDUFS2 0.0043
530 Gamma-aminobutyric-acid receptor subunit alpha-4 GABRA4 0.0043
5924 Microtubule-associated protein 4 MAP4 0.0043
5923 Microtubule-associated protein tau MAPT 0.0043
6168 Solute carrier family 22 member 16 SLC22A16 0.0043
1630 Integrin beta-2 ITGB2 0.0042
1050 Bile salt sulfotransferase SULT2A1 0.0041
580 Gamma-aminobutyric-acid receptor subunit alpha-3 GABRA3 0.0041
523 Gamma-aminobutyric-acid receptor subunit alpha-5 GABRA5 0.0041
423 Gamma-aminobutyric-acid receptor subunit alpha-2 GABRA2 0.0041
698 B-Raf proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase BRAF 0.0041
6861 Alcohol dehydrogenase [NADP+] AKR1A1 0.004
1852 Microtubule-associated protein 2 MAP2 0.004
4217 Telomerase reverse transcriptase TERT 0.0039
6042 Prostaglandin reductase 2 PTGR2 0.0039
6220 Aryl hydrocarbon receptor AHR 0.0039
6025 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-4 UGT1A4 0.0038
4238 50S ribosomal protein L4 rplD 0.0037
5578 50S ribosomal protein L4 rplD 0.0037
6173 50S ribosomal protein L4 rplD 0.0037
6219 50S ribosomal protein L4 rplD 0.0037
1313 Lactoylglutathione lyase GLO1 0.0037
824 Sodium-dependent serotonin transporter SLC6A4 0.0037
5787 Angiopoietin-1 receptor TEK 0.0037
341 5-hydroxytryptamine 3 receptor HTR3A 0.0037
1792 Tissue-type plasminogen activator PLAT 0.0037
220 Sodium channel protein type 5 subunit alpha SCN5A 0.0036
6043 Putative G-protein coupled receptor 44 GPR44 0.0036
389 Amiloride-sensitive cation channel 2, neuronal ACCN2 0.0036
183 Vascular endothelial growth factor A VEGFA 0.0035
4162 Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 3 KCNQ3 0.0035
4237 50S ribosomal protein L22 rplV 0.0035
6140 Ileal sodium/bile acid cotransporter SLC10A2 0.0034
6104 Dimethylaniline monooxygenase [N-oxide-forming] 1 FMO1 0.0034
6044 Serum paraoxonase/lactonase 3 PON3 0.0034
5251 Carbonyl reductase [NADPH] 1 CBR1 0.0034
1086 Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 2 KCNQ2 0.0033
650 Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C3 AKR1C3 0.0032
844 Epidermal growth factor receptor EGFR 0.0032
33 Cystine/glutamate transporter SLC7A11 0.0032
3804 Sodium channel protein type 4 subunit alpha SCN4A 0.0032
6212 Tubulin gamma-1 chain TUBG1 0.0032
6210 Tubulin delta chain TUBD1 0.0032
6211 Tubulin epsilon chain TUBE1 0.0032
572 Integrin alpha-L ITGAL 0.0031
3809 Estrogen-related receptor gamma ESRRG 0.0031
540 Sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter SLC6A2 0.0031
2320 Thymidine kinase, cytosolic TK1 0.0031
267 Plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 SERPINE1 0.003
70 Type-1 angiotensin II receptor AGTR1 0.003
4122 Histone deacetylase 2 HDAC2 0.0029
6101 Dimethylaniline monooxygenase [N-oxide-forming] 3 FMO3 0.0029
2157 NAD(P)H dehydrogenase [quinone] 1 NQO1 0.0028
6031 Cytochrome P450 3A43 CYP3A43 0.0028
1539 Oligopeptide transporter, small intestine isoform SLC15A1 0.0028
6149 Solute carrier family 22 member 10 SLC22A10 0.0028
6221 Steroid hormone receptor ERR1 ESRRA 0.0027
1039 Histone deacetylase 9 HDAC9 0.0027
811 Translocator protein TSPO 0.0027
76 Nitric-oxide synthase, brain NOS1 0.0027
6167 Organic solute transporter subunit beta OSTB 0.0027
6166 Organic solute transporter subunit alpha OSTA 0.0027
3587 Gastrotropin FABP6 0.0026
6836 3-hydroxyisobutyryl-CoA hydrolase, mitochondrial HIBCH 0.0026
6837 Serine/threonine-protein kinase 17B STK17B 0.0026
275 Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase ALOX5 0.0026
3811 Cytochrome P450 19A1 CYP19A1 0.0025
1629 Transcription factor AP-1 JUN 0.0025
1284 Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 2 NR1I2 0.0025
7 Nitric oxide synthase, inducible NOS2 0.0025
291 Nitric-oxide synthase, endothelial NOS3 0.0024
1457 Long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase 4 ACSL4 0.0024
630 Short/branched chain specific acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, mitochondrial ACADSB 0.0024
342 P protein [Includes: DNA-directed DNA polymerase P 0.0024
612 P protein [Includes: DNA-directed DNA polymerase P 0.0024
182 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase E1 component, mitochondrial OGDH 0.0023
2449 Tubulin alpha-3 chain TUBA1A 0.0023
677 Choline-phosphate cytidylyltransferase A PCYT1A 0.0023
6656 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 3A1 UGT3A1 0.0023
102 DNA topoisomerase I, mitochondrial TOP1MT 0.0023
6153 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 4A1 SLCO4A1 0.0022
702 UMP-CMP kinase CMPK1 0.0021
5626 Nucleoside diphosphate kinase B NME2 0.0021
781 ATP-sensitive inward rectifier potassium channel 11 KCNJ11 0.0021
170 Succinate semialdehyde dehydrogenase, mitochondrial ALDH5A1 0.002
2599 Tyrosine-protein kinase HCK HCK 0.002
468 Cytochrome P450 4A11 CYP4A11 0.002
3961 G protein-activated inward rectifier potassium channel 4 KCNJ5 0.0019
3868 Calcineurin subunit B isoform 2 PPP3R2 0.0019
421 Calcium signal-modulating cyclophilin ligand CAMLG 0.0019
872 Gamma-aminobutyric-acid receptor subunit alpha-1 GABRA1 0.0019
6343 ATP synthase subunit beta, mitochondrial ATP5B 0.0019
6342 ATP synthase subunit alpha, mitochondrial ATP5A1 0.0019
6344 ATP synthase subunit gamma, mitochondrial ATP5C1 0.0019
2222 Equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 SLC29A1 0.0018
280 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase, mitochondrial ABAT 0.0018
5294 Nucleoside diphosphate kinase A NME1 0.0017
6091 Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit theta GABRQ 0.0017
4773 Deoxycytidine kinase DCK 0.0017
521 ATP-binding cassette transporter sub-family C member 9 ABCC9 0.0017
6218 Pannexin-1 PANX1 0.0017
6259 (3R)-hydroxymyristoyl-acyl carrier protein dehydratase fabZ 0.0016
6086 Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2 GABRG2 0.0016
6090 Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi GABRP 0.0016
6092 Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-2 GABRR2 0.0016
6088 Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-3 GABRG3 0.0016
6115 Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-3 GABRR3 0.0016
4100 Gamma-aminobutyric-acid receptor subunit beta-2 GABRB2 0.0016
6093 Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta GABRD 0.0016
6087 Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-1 GABRG1 0.0016
6089 Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon GABRE 0.0016
142 Gamma-aminobutyric-acid receptor subunit rho-1 GABRR1 0.0016
132 ATP-binding cassette sub-family A member 1 ABCA1 0.0015
4098 Gamma-aminobutyric-acid receptor subunit beta-1 GABRB1 0.0015
1524 Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase A PPIA 0.0015
6700 Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase A ppiA 0.0015
5818 Folate receptor alpha FOLR1 0.0015
6017 Cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme, mitochondrial CYP11A1 0.0014
2391 Ferrochelatase hemH 0.0014
6502 Ferrochelatase DKFZp686P18130 0.0014
1591 Ferrochelatase, mitochondrial FECH 0.0014
6206 DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit beta' rpoC 0.0014
2347 Proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase Pim-1 PIM1 0.0014
284 DNA-directed RNA polymerase beta chain rpoB 0.0013
5773 DNA-directed RNA polymerase beta chain rpoB 0.0013
293 Gamma-glutamyl hydrolase GGH 0.0013
709 ATP-sensitive inward rectifier potassium channel 1 KCNJ1 0.0012
6495 Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7C, mitochondrial COX7C 0.0012
6497 Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6A2, mitochondrial COX6A2 0.0012
6493 Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6C COX6C 0.0012
6494 Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7B, mitochondrial COX7B 0.0012
6498 Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6B1 COX6B1 0.0012
6496 Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 8A, mitochondrial COX8A 0.0012
6499 Cytochrome c oxidase polypeptide 7A1, mitochondrial COX7A1 0.0012
6491 Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5A, mitochondrial COX5A 0.0012
6490 Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 3 MT-CO3 0.0012
6489 Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4 isoform 1, mitochondrial COX4I1 0.0012
5793 Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 2 MT-CO2 0.0012
6559 Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 2 ctaC 0.0012
6669 Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 2 ctaC 0.0012
371 Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 MT-CO1 0.0012
6558 Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 ctaD 0.0012
3923 Cholinesterase BCHE 0.0012
1650 Heme carrier protein 1 SLC46A1 0.0011
773 Folylpolyglutamate synthase, mitochondrial FPGS 0.0011
2540 Choloylglycine hydrolase cbh 0.0011
6501 Fatty acid-binding protein, liver FABP1 0.0011
3810 Catechol O-methyltransferase COMT 0.0011
2287 Bifunctional purine biosynthesis protein PURH [Includes: Phosphoribosylaminoimidazolecarboxamide formyltransferase ATIC 0.001
1928 Leukotriene C4 synthase LTC4S 0.001
4043 Glutaredoxin-2, mitochondrial GLRX2 0.001
4034 Glutaredoxin-1 GLRX 0.001
910 Epididymal secretory glutathione peroxidase GPX5 0.001
4036 Glutathione peroxidase 6 GPX6 0.001
4037 Hypothetical protein GPX1 0.001
4297 Hypothetical protein SP_1951 0.001
4521 Hypothetical protein BC_2969 0.001
4540 Hypothetical protein TM_1070 0.001
4555 Hypothetical protein MT1739 0.001
4569 Hypothetical protein mshD 0.001
4578 Hypothetical protein PA3270 0.001
4747 Hypothetical protein PA3967 0.001
5177 Hypothetical protein TM_0096 0.001
5194 Hypothetical protein PA1204 0.001
5240 Hypothetical protein Rv2991 0.001
5370 Hypothetical protein TM_1158 0.001
5710 Hypothetical protein Tb927.5.1360 0.001
4029 Microsomal glutathione S-transferase 3 MGST3 0.001
900 Glutathione S-transferase A4 GSTA4 0.001
4030 Thioredoxin domain-containing protein 12 TXNDC12 0.001
911 Glutathione peroxidase 3 GPX3 0.001
4040 Glutathione peroxidase 7 GPX7 0.001
907 Glutathione peroxidase 2 GPX2 0.001
4032 Microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1 MGST1 0.001
906 Glutathione peroxidase 1 GPX1 0.001
4039 CDNA FLJ23636 fis, clone CAS07176 GPX8 0.001
4035 Glutathione S-transferase Mu 5 GSTM5 0.001
903 Glutathione S-transferase A5 GSTA5 0.001
4042 Glutathione transferase omega-2 GSTO2 0.001
4033 S-formylglutathione hydrolase ESD 0.001
4038 Glutathione peroxidase 4 GPX4 0.001
1975 Phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase, mitochondrial GPX4 0.001
1056 Gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase 1 GGT1 0.001
6040 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, decarboxylating PGD 0.0009
3917 Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase MTHFR 0.0009
1974 Oligopeptide transporter, kidney isoform SLC15A2 0.0009
6152 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2A1 SLCO2A1 0.0009
3319 Hydroxyacylglutathione hydrolase HAGH 0.0009
898 Glutathione S-transferase A3 GSTA3 0.0009
897 Glutathione S-transferase kappa 1 GSTK1 0.0009
4112 Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-4 CACNB4 0.0009
4114 Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-3 CACNB3 0.0009
909 Maleylacetoacetate isomerase GSTZ1 0.0009
392 Voltage-dependent P/Q-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1A CACNA1A 0.0008
24 Thymidylate synthase TMP1 0.0008
359 Thymidylate synthase TYMS 0.0008
2626 Thymidylate synthase thyA 0.0008
2729 Thymidylate synthase thyA 0.0008
5352 Thymidylate synthase THYA 0.0008
899 Glutathione S-transferase Mu 3 GSTM3 0.0008
905 Glutathione transferase omega-1 GSTO1 0.0008
3970 Voltage-dependent N-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1B CACNA1B 0.0008
4041 Microsomal glutathione S-transferase 2 MGST2 0.0008
4113 Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1F CACNA1F 0.0008
365 Dihydrofolate reductase DHFR 0.0008
2381 Dihydrofolate reductase DFR1 0.0008
2833 Dihydrofolate reductase Not Available 0.0008
2931 Dihydrofolate reductase folA 0.0008
3544 Dihydrofolate reductase folA 0.0008
3682 Dihydrofolate reductase folA 0.0008
6642 Dihydrofolate reductase folA 0.0008
6756 Dihydrofolate reductase dfrA 0.0008
15 Voltage-dependent T-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1I CACNA1I 0.0008
333 Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-1 CACNB1 0.0008
4095 Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-7 CHRNA7 0.0008
947 Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-4 CHRNA4 0.0008
918 Glutamate receptor, ionotropic kainate 2 GRIK2 0.0008
2165 Glutathione S-transferase Mu 2 GSTM2 0.0008
517 Alcohol dehydrogenase 1C ADH1C 0.0008
535 Voltage-dependent T-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1G CACNA1G 0.0008
207 Glutathione synthetase GSS 0.0008
5269 Glutathione synthetase gshB 0.0008
901 Glutathione S-transferase Mu 4 GSTM4 0.0007
921 Glutamate receptor 2 GRIA2 0.0007
4110 Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-2 CACNB2 0.0007
4115 Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D CACNA1D 0.0007
4111 Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1S CACNA1S 0.0007
2101 Glutathione-requiring prostaglandin D synthase HPGDS 0.0007
478 Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C CACNA1C 0.0007
4031 Glutathione S-transferase A1 GSTA1 0.0007
3932 Glutathione S-transferase A2 GSTA2 0.0007
714 Glutathione reductase, mitochondrial GSR 0.0006
896 Glutathione S-transferase Mu 1 GSTM1 0.0006
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