DT-Web

DB01497 - Etorphine


Identification
Name Etorphine
Accession Number DB01497
Type small molecule
Description A narcotic analgesic morphinan used as a sedative in veterinary practice. In Hong Kong, Etorphine is regulated under Schedule 1 of Hong Kong's Chapter 134 Dangerous Drugs Ordinance. It can only be used legally by health professionals and for university research purposes. The substance can be given by pharmacists under a prescription. In the US, Etorphine is listed as a Schedule I drug, although Etorphine hydrochloride is classified as Schedule II.
Structure
MOL SDF PDB SMILES InChI
Categories (*)
Molecular Weight 411.5338
Groups illicit
Monoisotopic Weight 411.240958549
Pharmacology
Indication Not Available
Mechanism of action Etorphine is an agonist at mu, delta, and kappa opioid receptors. It also has a weak affinity for the ORL1 nociceptin/orphanin FQ receptor.
Absorption Not Available
Protein binding Not Available
Biotransformation Not Available
Route of elimination Not Available
Toxicity Not Available
Affected organisms
  • Humans and other mammals
Interactions
Drug Interactions Not Available
Food Interactions Not Available

Targets


Mu-type opioid receptor
Name Mu-type opioid receptor
Gene Name OPRM1
Pharmacological action yes
Actions agonist
References
  • Duttaroy A, Yoburn BC: In vivo regulation of mu-opioid receptor density and gene expression in CXBK and outbred Swiss Webster mice. Synapse. 2000 Aug;37(2):118-24. - Pubmed
  • Melone M, Brecha NC, Sternini C, Evans C, Conti F: Etorphine increases the number of mu-opioid receptor-positive cells in the cerebral cortex. Neuroscience. 2000;100(3):439-43. - Pubmed
  • Stafford K, Gomes AB, Shen J, Yoburn BC: mu-Opioid receptor downregulation contributes to opioid tolerance in vivo. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2001 May-Jun;69(1-2):233-7. - Pubmed
  • Gomes BA, Shen J, Stafford K, Patel M, Yoburn BC: Mu-opioid receptor down-regulation and tolerance are not equally dependent upon G-protein signaling. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2002 May;72(1-2):273-8. - Pubmed
  • Patel MB, Patel CN, Rajashekara V, Yoburn BC: Opioid agonists differentially regulate mu-opioid receptors and trafficking proteins in vivo. Mol Pharmacol. 2002 Dec;62(6):1464-70. - Pubmed
  • Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 1.3347
Delta-type opioid receptor
Name Delta-type opioid receptor
Gene Name OPRD1
Pharmacological action yes
Actions agonist
References
  • Li JG, Benovic JL, Liu-Chen LY: Mechanisms of agonist-induced down-regulation of the human kappa-opioid receptor: internalization is required for down-regulation. Mol Pharmacol. 2000 Oct;58(4):795-801. - Pubmed
  • Li JG, Zhang F, Jin XL, Liu-Chen LY: Differential regulation of the human kappa opioid receptor by agonists: etorphine and levorphanol reduced dynorphin A- and U50,488H-induced internalization and phosphorylation. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2003 May;305(2):531-40. Epub 2003 Jan 24. - Pubmed
  • Marie N, Lecoq I, Jauzac P, Allouche S: Differential sorting of human delta-opioid receptors after internalization by peptide and alkaloid agonists. J Biol Chem. 2003 Jun 20;278(25):22795-804. Epub 2003 Apr 2. - Pubmed
  • Sumner BE, Douglas AJ, Russell JA: Pregnancy alters the density of opioid binding sites in the supraoptic nucleus and posterior pituitary gland of rats. Neurosci Lett. 1992 Mar 30;137(2):216-20. - Pubmed
  • Tao PL, Tsai CL, Chang LR, Loh HH: Chronic effect of [D-Pen2,D-Pen5]enkephalin on rat brain opioid receptors. Eur J Pharmacol. 1991 Aug 29;201(2-3):209-14. - Pubmed
  • Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. - Pubmed
  • Niwa M, al-Essa LY, Ohta S, Kohno K, Nozaki M, Tsurumi K, Iwamura T, Kataoka T: Opioid receptor interaction and adenylyl cyclase inhibition of dihydroetorphine: direct comparison with etorphine. Life Sci. 1995;56(21):PL395-400. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 1.1818
Kappa-type opioid receptor
Name Kappa-type opioid receptor
Gene Name OPRK1
Pharmacological action yes
Actions agonist
References
  • Niwa M, al-Essa LY, Ohta S, Kohno K, Nozaki M, Tsurumi K, Iwamura T, Kataoka T: Opioid receptor interaction and adenylyl cyclase inhibition of dihydroetorphine: direct comparison with etorphine. Life Sci. 1995;56(21):PL395-400. - Pubmed
  • Wannemacher KM, Yadav PN, Howells RD: A select set of opioid ligands induce up-regulation by promoting the maturation and stability of the rat kappa-opioid receptor in human embryonic kidney 293 cells. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2007 Nov;323(2):614-25. Epub 2007 Aug 24. - Pubmed
  • Gharagozlou P, Hashemi E, DeLorey TM, Clark JD, Lameh J: Pharmacological profiles of opioid ligands at kappa opioid receptors. BMC Pharmacol. 2006 Jan 25;6:3. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 1.156
Nociceptin receptor
Name Nociceptin receptor
Gene Name OPRL1
Pharmacological action unknown
Actions agonist
References
  • Hawkinson JE, Acosta-Burruel M, Espitia SA: Opioid activity profiles indicate similarities between the nociceptin/orphanin FQ and opioid receptors. Eur J Pharmacol. 2000 Feb 18;389(2-3):107-14. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 0.5809
Tripartite motif-containing protein 13
Name Tripartite motif-containing protein 13
Gene Name TRIM13
Pharmacological action unknown
Actions agonist
References
  • Maneckjee R, Archer S, Zukin RS: Characterization of a polyclonal antibody to the mu opioid receptor. J Neuroimmunol. 1988 Feb;17(3):199-208. - Pubmed
  • Stojilkovic SS, Dufau ML, Catt KJ: Opiate receptor subtypes in the rat hypothalamus and neurointermediate lobe. Endocrinology. 1987 Jul;121(1):384-94. - Pubmed
  • Pesce G, Lang MA, Russell JT, Rodbard D, Gainer H: Characterization of kappa opioid receptors in neurosecretosomes from bovine posterior pituitary. J Neurochem. 1987 Aug;49(2):421-7. - Pubmed
  • Pfeiffer A, Herz A: Discrimination of three opiate receptor binding sites with the use of a computerized curve-fitting technique. Mol Pharmacol. 1982 Mar;21(2):266-71. - Pubmed
  • Audigier Y, Mazarguil H, Gout R, Cros J: Structure-activity relationships of enkephalin analogs at opiate and enkephalin receptors: correlation with analgesia. Eur J Pharmacol. 1980 Apr 11;63(1):35-46. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 0.8803
Corticotropin-lipotropin
Name Corticotropin-lipotropin
Gene Name POMC
Pharmacological action unknown
Actions Not Available
References
  • Sanchez-Blazquez P, Garzon J: Further characterization of alpha N-acetyl beta-endorphin-(1-31) regulatory activity, I: Effect on opioid- and alpha 2-mediated supraspinal antinociception in mice. Life Sci. 1992;50(26):2083-97. - Pubmed
  • Xu JY, Fujimoto JM, Tseng LF: Involvement of supraspinal epsilon and mu opioid receptors in inhibition of the tail-flick response induced by etorphine in the mouse. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1992 Oct;263(1):246-52. - Pubmed
  • Nicolas P, Li CH: Beta-endorphin-(1-27) is a naturally occurring antagonist to etorphine-induced analgesia. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 May;82(10):3178-81. - Pubmed
  • Dum J, Gramsch C, Herz A: Activation of hypothalamic beta-endorphin pools by reward induced by highly palatable food. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1983 Mar;18(3):443-7. - Pubmed
  • Lemaire S, Livett B, Tseng R, Mercier P, Lemaire I: Studies on the inhibitory action of opiate compounds in isolated bovine adrenal chromaffin cells: noninvolvement of stereospecific opiate binding sites. J Neurochem. 1981 Mar;36(3):886-92. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 0.7155

Predictions


Id Partner name Gene Name Score
4512 Cytochrome P450 3A4 CYP3A4 0.1201
4119 Cytochrome P450 2D6 CYP2D6 0.1184
1588 Multidrug resistance protein 1 ABCB1 0.0608
6107 Cytochrome P450 3A7 CYP3A7 0.0588
4924 Cytochrome P450 2C8 CYP2C8 0.0533
392 Voltage-dependent P/Q-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1A CACNA1A 0.0461
4118 Cytochrome P450 3A5 CYP3A5 0.0443
6030 Cytochrome P450 2B6 CYP2B6 0.0401
319 Opioid receptor, sigma 1 OPRS1 0.0343
4757 Cytochrome P450 2C9 CYP2C9 0.0338
174 Sigma 1-type opioid receptor SIGMAR1 0.0337
465 Calmodulin CALM1 0.0321
6018 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-9 UGT1A9 0.0291
6180 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B4 UGT2B4 0.0287
6178 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B7 UGT2B7 0.0278
6022 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-1 UGT1A1 0.0247
824 Sodium-dependent serotonin transporter SLC6A4 0.0188
540 Sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter SLC6A2 0.0186
5838 Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 3 TRPV3 0.0176
2162 Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 8 TRPM8 0.0176
1944 Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily A member 1 TRPA1 0.0176
6016 Cytochrome P450 2C19 CYP2C19 0.0168
1291 cAMP response element-binding protein CREB1 0.0166
341 5-hydroxytryptamine 3 receptor HTR3A 0.0164
4210 Toll-like receptor 4 TLR4 0.015
706 Glutamate [NMDA] receptor subunit 3A GRIN3A 0.014
587 Serum albumin ALB 0.0137
5878 Alpha-7 nicotinic cholinergic receptor subunit CHRFAM7A 0.0127
4200 Cytochrome P450 1A2 CYP1A2 0.0121
6181 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-8 UGT1A8 0.0118
590 5-hydroxytryptamine 2C receptor HTR2C 0.0113
6106 Cytochrome P450 2C18 CYP2C18 0.0107
20 Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1 PTGS1 0.01
51 Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M3 CHRM3 0.0094
6176 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-3 UGT1A3 0.009
1181 Alpha-1-acid glycoprotein 1 ORM1 0.0088
6145 Solute carrier family 22 member 1 SLC22A1 0.0084
136 Estrogen receptor ESR1 0.0082
6139 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A2 SLCO1A2 0.0079
3811 Cytochrome P450 19A1 CYP19A1 0.0079
6078 Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-4 CHRNB4 0.0065
4120 NADPH--cytochrome P450 reductase POR 0.006
6079 Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-3 CHRNA3 0.0058
458 Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-10 CHRNA10 0.0055
5718 Cytochrome P450 2A6 CYP2A6 0.0053
1732 ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 2 ABCG2 0.0051
318 Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor ADRA2A 0.0048
502 5-hydroxytryptamine 2A receptor HTR2A 0.0046
439 Glutamate [NMDA] receptor subunit epsilon-4 GRIN2D 0.0045
492 Histamine H1 receptor HRH1 0.0045
6100 BDNF/NT-3 growth factors receptor NTRK2 0.0044
505 Glutamate [NMDA] receptor subunit epsilon-3 GRIN2C 0.0044
320 5-hydroxytryptamine 1A receptor HTR1A 0.0043
464 Glutamate [NMDA] receptor subunit epsilon-2 GRIN2B 0.0041
401 Glutamate [NMDA] receptor subunit zeta-1 GRIN1 0.0039
837 Glutamate [NMDA] receptor subunit epsilon-1 GRIN2A 0.0039
94 5-hydroxytryptamine 4 receptor HTR4 0.0035
6013 Cytochrome P450 2E1 CYP2E1 0.0035
1618 High affinity nerve growth factor receptor NTRK1 0.0034
6098 Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily D member 2 KCND2 0.0033
6099 Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily D member 3 KCND3 0.0033
1086 Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 2 KCNQ2 0.0033
858 Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 1 KCNA1 0.0027
885 5-hydroxytryptamine 1B receptor HTR1B 0.0025
789 Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor ADRA1D 0.0023
274 Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5 CHRM5 0.0022
450 Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M4 CHRM4 0.0021
617 Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2 CHRM2 0.0019
103 Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1 CHRM1 0.0018
556 Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor ADRA1A 0.0018
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