DT-Web

DB00824 - Enprofylline


Identification
Name Enprofylline
Accession Number DB00824 (APRD00273)
Type small molecule
Description Enprofylline is a derivative of theophylline which shares bronchodilator properties. Enprofylline is used in asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and in the management of cerebrovascular insufficiency, sickle cell disease, and diabetic neuropathy. Long-term enprofylline administration may be associated with elevation in liver enzyme levels and unpredictable blood levels.
Structure
MOL SDF PDB SMILES InChI
Categories (*)
Molecular Weight 194.1906
Groups approved
Monoisotopic Weight 194.080375584
Pharmacology
Indication Used in the management of symptoms of asthma. Also used in the treatment of peripheral vascular diseases and in the management of cerebrovascular insufficiency, sickle cell disease, and diabetic neuropathy.
Mechanism of action Enprofylline inhibits erythrocyte phosphodiesterase, resulting in an increase in erythrocyte cAMP activity. Subsequently, the erythrocyte membrane becomes more resistant to deformity. Along with erythrocyte activity, enprofylline also decreases blood viscosity by reducing plasma fibrinogen concentrations and increasing fibrinolytic activity.
Absorption Rapidly absorbed from the digestive tract
Protein binding 49%
Biotransformation Not Available
Route of elimination Not Available
Toxicity Not Available
Affected organisms
  • Humans and other mammals
Interactions
Drug Interactions Not Available
Food Interactions Not Available

Targets


cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4A
Name cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4A
Gene Name PDE4A
Pharmacological action yes
Actions inhibitor
References
  • Featherstone RL, Chambers DJ: Long-term hypothermic lung preservation: does adenosine A1 receptor antagonism have a role in ischemic preconditioning protection? Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg. 2004 Mar;3(1):182-7. - Pubmed
  • Dulloo AG, Seydoux J, Girardier L: Peripheral mechanisms of thermogenesis induced by ephedrine and caffeine in brown adipose tissue. Int J Obes. 1991 May;15(5):317-26. - Pubmed
  • Dar MS: Central adenosinergic system involvement in ethanol-induced motor incoordination in mice. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1990 Dec;255(3):1202-9. - Pubmed
  • Ukena D, Schirren CG, Schwabe U: Effects of enprofylline on A1 and A2 adenosine receptors. Eur J Pharmacol. 1985 Oct 29;117(1):25-33. - Pubmed
  • Berg G, Andersson RG, Ryden G: Effects of different phosphodiesterase-inhibiting drugs on human pregnant myometrium: an in vitro study. Arch Int Pharmacodyn Ther. 1987 Dec;290(2):288-92. - Pubmed
  • Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score Not Available
cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4B
Name cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4B
Gene Name PDE4B
Pharmacological action yes
Actions inhibitor
References
  • Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. - Pubmed
  • Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score Not Available
Adenosine A2b receptor
Name Adenosine A2b receptor
Gene Name ADORA2B
Pharmacological action yes
Actions antagonist
References
  • Holgate ST: The Quintiles Prize Lecture 2004. The identification of the adenosine A2B receptor as a novel therapeutic target in asthma. Br J Pharmacol. 2005 Aug;145(8):1009-15. - Pubmed
  • Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 0.4771

Predictions


Id Partner name Gene Name Score
2358 cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4D PDE4D 0.3905
16 Adenosine A1 receptor ADORA1 0.2365
1178 Adenosine A2a receptor ADORA2A 0.2362
4109 cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4C PDE4C 0.1745
485 cGMP-inhibited 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase A PDE3A 0.0967
3957 Adenosine deaminase ADA 0.0659
695 cAMP and cAMP-inhibited cGMP 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 10A PDE10A 0.0645
390 Adenosine A3 receptor ADORA3 0.0586
204 cGMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase PDE5A 0.0547
6021 Adenosine kinase ADK 0.0491
6171 Solute carrier family 28 member 3 SLC28A3 0.0452
691 cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 7B PDE7B 0.0425
779 High-affinity cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 7A PDE7A 0.0412
2684 Histidine triad nucleotide-binding protein 1 HINT1 0.0408
4122 Histone deacetylase 2 HDAC2 0.0407
478 Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C CACNA1C 0.037
4200 Cytochrome P450 1A2 CYP1A2 0.0351
1830 5'-nucleotidase NT5E 0.0266
6143 Solute carrier family 22 member 7 SLC22A7 0.0254
3806 cGMP-dependent 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase PDE2A 0.0253
6013 Cytochrome P450 2E1 CYP2E1 0.0215
6216 High affinity cAMP-specific and IBMX-insensitive 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 8A PDE8A 0.0211
6217 High affinity cAMP-specific and IBMX-insensitive 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 8B PDE8B 0.0209
777 Tumor necrosis factor TNF 0.0205
1898 Cytochrome P450 1B1 CYP1B1 0.0199
4512 Cytochrome P450 3A4 CYP3A4 0.0186
1792 Tissue-type plasminogen activator PLAT 0.0166
6024 Cytochrome P450 1A1 CYP1A1 0.016
527 Prostacyclin receptor PTGIR 0.0152
4924 Cytochrome P450 2C8 CYP2C8 0.014
73 Prostaglandin E2 receptor, EP1 subtype PTGER1 0.014
6040 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, decarboxylating PGD 0.0137
6160 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 3A1 SLCO3A1 0.0133
6152 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2A1 SLCO2A1 0.0133
4757 Cytochrome P450 2C9 CYP2C9 0.0129
4119 Cytochrome P450 2D6 CYP2D6 0.0126
1632 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2B1 SLCO2B1 0.0108
6136 Multidrug resistance-associated protein 5 ABCC5 0.0104
492 Histamine H1 receptor HRH1 0.0089
2164 Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4 ABCC4 0.0087
1588 Multidrug resistance protein 1 ABCB1 0.0077
2347 Proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase Pim-1 PIM1 0.007
5691 DTDP-4-DEHYDRORHAMNOSE 3,5-EPIMERASE RMLC rmlC 0.0067
3361 Serpin B5 SERPINB5 0.0067
5694 Transcription antiterminator licT licT 0.0067
56 Delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase ALAD 0.0054
2356 Delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase hemB 0.0054
3613 Delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase hemB 0.0054
3674 Delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase hemB 0.0054
2286 Isocitrate dehydrogenase [NADP] icd 0.0051
2302 Isocitrate dehydrogenase [NADP] icd 0.0051
2771 Isocitrate dehydrogenase [NADP] icd 0.0051
851 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit beta-2 PRKAB2 0.0049
388 AMP deaminase 1 AMPD1 0.0049
4534 Cytohesin-2 CYTH2 0.0048
814 Ryanodine receptor 1 RYR1 0.0048
3668 Maltose-binding periplasmic protein precursor malE 0.0047
5692 Calcium/calmodulin-dependent 3',5'-cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase 1B PDE1B 0.0042
1291 cAMP response element-binding protein CREB1 0.0042
386 Acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase, cytoplasmic ACSS2 0.0042
821 Acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase 2-like, mitochondrial ACSS1 0.0042
704 Long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase 1 ACSL1 0.0042
297 Adenylate cyclase type 1 ADCY1 0.0042
2592 Beta-galactosidase lacZ 0.0042
281 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit beta-1 PRKAB1 0.004
315 Arginase-1 ARG1 0.004
748 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-1 PRKAA1 0.0039
128 Adenine phosphoribosyltransferase APRT 0.0038
4198 Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase 1 FBP1 0.0038
10 Glycogen phosphorylase, liver form PYGL 0.0035
24 Thymidylate synthase TMP1 0.0033
359 Thymidylate synthase TYMS 0.0033
2626 Thymidylate synthase thyA 0.0033
2729 Thymidylate synthase thyA 0.0033
5352 Thymidylate synthase THYA 0.0033
6263 cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha PRKACA 0.0032
6107 Cytochrome P450 3A7 CYP3A7 0.0021
4118 Cytochrome P450 3A5 CYP3A5 0.002
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