DT-Web

DB00809 - Tropicamide


Identification
Name Tropicamide
Accession Number DB00809 (APRD00287)
Type small molecule
Description One of the muscarinic antagonists with pharmacologic action similar to atropine and used mainly as an ophthalmic parasympatholytic or mydriatic. [PubChem]
Structure
MOL SDF PDB SMILES InChI
Categories (*)
Molecular Weight 284.3529
Groups approved
Monoisotopic Weight 284.152477894
Pharmacology
Indication Indicated to induce mydriasis (dilation of the pupil) and cycloplegia (paralysis of the ciliary muscle of the eye) in diagnostic procedures, such as measurement of refractive errors and examination of the fundus of the eye.
Mechanism of action Tropicamide binds to and blocks the receptors in the muscles of the eye (muscarinic receptor M4). Tropicamide acts by blocking the responses of the iris sphincter muscle to the iris and ciliary muscles to cholinergic stimulation, producing dilation of the pupil and paralysis of the ciliary muscle.
Absorption Not Available
Protein binding 45%
Biotransformation Not Available
Route of elimination Not Available
Toxicity Overdose can casue dry mouth, blurred vision, photophobia, hallucinations and rapid/irregular pulse.
Affected organisms
  • Humans and other mammals
Interactions
Drug Interactions Not Available
Food Interactions Not Available

Targets


Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M4
Name Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M4
Gene Name CHRM4
Pharmacological action yes
Actions antagonist
References
  • Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. - Pubmed
  • Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. - Pubmed
  • Betz AJ, McLaughlin PJ, Burgos M, Weber SM, Salamone JD: The muscarinic receptor antagonist tropicamide suppresses tremulous jaw movements in a rodent model of parkinsonian tremor: possible role of M4 receptors. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2007 Oct;194(3):347-59. Epub 2007 Jun 27. - Pubmed
  • Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 0.4262
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1
Name Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1
Gene Name CHRM1
Pharmacological action unknown
Actions antagonist
References
  • Betz AJ, McLaughlin PJ, Burgos M, Weber SM, Salamone JD: The muscarinic receptor antagonist tropicamide suppresses tremulous jaw movements in a rodent model of parkinsonian tremor: possible role of M4 receptors. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2007 Oct;194(3):347-59. Epub 2007 Jun 27. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 0.7663
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2
Name Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2
Gene Name CHRM2
Pharmacological action unknown
Actions antagonist
References
  • Betz AJ, McLaughlin PJ, Burgos M, Weber SM, Salamone JD: The muscarinic receptor antagonist tropicamide suppresses tremulous jaw movements in a rodent model of parkinsonian tremor: possible role of M4 receptors. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2007 Oct;194(3):347-59. Epub 2007 Jun 27. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 0.657
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M3
Name Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M3
Gene Name CHRM3
Pharmacological action unknown
Actions antagonist
References
  • Betz AJ, McLaughlin PJ, Burgos M, Weber SM, Salamone JD: The muscarinic receptor antagonist tropicamide suppresses tremulous jaw movements in a rodent model of parkinsonian tremor: possible role of M4 receptors. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2007 Oct;194(3):347-59. Epub 2007 Jun 27. - Pubmed
DTHybrid score 0.6553

Predictions


Id Partner name Gene Name Score
274 Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5 CHRM5 0.2978
492 Histamine H1 receptor HRH1 0.1146
4119 Cytochrome P450 2D6 CYP2D6 0.1085
4512 Cytochrome P450 3A4 CYP3A4 0.09
813 Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-2 CHRNA2 0.0764
502 5-hydroxytryptamine 2A receptor HTR2A 0.075
3923 Cholinesterase BCHE 0.0741
556 Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor ADRA1A 0.0621
1588 Multidrug resistance protein 1 ABCB1 0.0603
831 D(2) dopamine receptor DRD2 0.0573
590 5-hydroxytryptamine 2C receptor HTR2C 0.0527
23 D(1A) dopamine receptor DRD1 0.0459
6016 Cytochrome P450 2C19 CYP2C19 0.0403
4200 Cytochrome P450 1A2 CYP1A2 0.04
4757 Cytochrome P450 2C9 CYP2C9 0.0394
540 Sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter SLC6A2 0.0393
789 Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor ADRA1D 0.0388
632 Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor ADRA1B 0.0361
824 Sodium-dependent serotonin transporter SLC6A4 0.0339
1181 Alpha-1-acid glycoprotein 1 ORM1 0.0338
6013 Cytochrome P450 2E1 CYP2E1 0.0325
432 D(4) dopamine receptor DRD4 0.0325
6030 Cytochrome P450 2B6 CYP2B6 0.0287
320 5-hydroxytryptamine 1A receptor HTR1A 0.0273
638 D(3) dopamine receptor DRD3 0.0266
4924 Cytochrome P450 2C8 CYP2C8 0.0259
833 Organic cation/carnitine transporter 1 SLC22A4 0.0242
318 Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor ADRA2A 0.024
4118 Cytochrome P450 3A5 CYP3A5 0.0239
2129 Sucrase-isomaltase, intestinal SI 0.0229
378 Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor ADRA2C 0.0224
629 Alpha-2B adrenergic receptor ADRA2B 0.0222
341 5-hydroxytryptamine 3 receptor HTR3A 0.0207
528 5-hydroxytryptamine 1E receptor HTR1E 0.0202
6145 Solute carrier family 22 member 1 SLC22A1 0.0202
436 5-hydroxytryptamine 2B receptor HTR2B 0.0199
6144 Solute carrier family 22 member 2 SLC22A2 0.0196
6098 Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily D member 2 KCND2 0.0191
6099 Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily D member 3 KCND3 0.0191
1256 5-hydroxytryptamine 6 receptor HTR6 0.0188
163 D(1B) dopamine receptor DRD5 0.0183
118 Organic cation/carnitine transporter 2 SLC22A5 0.0182
5878 Alpha-7 nicotinic cholinergic receptor subunit CHRFAM7A 0.018
716 5-hydroxytryptamine 7 receptor HTR7 0.0171
725 5-hydroxytryptamine 1D receptor HTR1D 0.0151
885 5-hydroxytryptamine 1B receptor HTR1B 0.0148
124 Histamine H2 receptor HRH2 0.0146
458 Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-10 CHRNA10 0.0136
5718 Cytochrome P450 2A6 CYP2A6 0.0133
6107 Cytochrome P450 3A7 CYP3A7 0.013
706 Glutamate [NMDA] receptor subunit 3A GRIN3A 0.0127
723 Cytosolic phospholipase A2 PLA2G4A 0.0124
6024 Cytochrome P450 1A1 CYP1A1 0.0122
6104 Dimethylaniline monooxygenase [N-oxide-forming] 1 FMO1 0.012
465 Calmodulin CALM1 0.0114
713 Sodium-dependent dopamine transporter SLC6A3 0.0096
6432 Transporter snf 0.0096
6176 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-3 UGT1A3 0.0093
220 Sodium channel protein type 5 subunit alpha SCN5A 0.0088
1656 CYP2B protein CYP2B 0.0087
474 Acetylcholinesterase ACHE 0.0079
587 Serum albumin ALB 0.0074
6106 Cytochrome P450 2C18 CYP2C18 0.0068
1360 Sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase SMPD1 0.0067
6147 Solute carrier family 22 member 3 SLC22A3 0.0066
6101 Dimethylaniline monooxygenase [N-oxide-forming] 3 FMO3 0.0066
6047 Calcium/calmodulin-dependent 3',5'-cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase 1A PDE1A 0.0062
6100 BDNF/NT-3 growth factors receptor NTRK2 0.0059
5692 Calcium/calmodulin-dependent 3',5'-cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase 1B PDE1B 0.0058
467 Delta-type opioid receptor OPRD1 0.0048
696 Kappa-type opioid receptor OPRK1 0.0047
762 Voltage-dependent calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta-1 CACNA2D1 0.0047
4110 Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-2 CACNB2 0.0046
4115 Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D CACNA1D 0.0046
1618 High affinity nerve growth factor receptor NTRK1 0.0046
215 Sodium channel protein type 11 subunit alpha SCN11A 0.0045
478 Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C CACNA1C 0.0045
1086 Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 2 KCNQ2 0.0044
164 Histamine H4 receptor HRH4 0.0041
734 D1 dopamine receptor-interacting protein calcyon CALY 0.0039
94 5-hydroxytryptamine 4 receptor HTR4 0.0036
6139 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A2 SLCO1A2 0.0036
858 Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 1 KCNA1 0.0036
20 Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1 PTGS1 0.0034
6023 Cytochrome P450 11B2, mitochondrial CYP11B2 0.0033
3876 Aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase DDC 0.0033
380 Cytochrome P450 17A1 CYP17A1 0.0032
193 Beta-1 adrenergic receptor ADRB1 0.0031
766 Beta-2 adrenergic receptor ADRB2 0.003
6025 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-4 UGT1A4 0.003
198 Sodium channel protein type 10 subunit alpha SCN10A 0.003
805 Cytochrome P450 11B1, mitochondrial CYP11B1 0.0029
6182 Cytochrome P450 2J2 CYP2J2 0.0028
1898 Cytochrome P450 1B1 CYP1B1 0.0024
101 Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2 KCNH2 0.0022
847 Mu-type opioid receptor OPRM1 0.0018
3941 Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A MAOA 0.0018
872 Gamma-aminobutyric-acid receptor subunit alpha-1 GABRA1 0.0015
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