DB00003 - Dornase Alfa
| Identification | |
|---|---|
| Name | Dornase Alfa |
| Accession Number | DB00003 (BIOD00001, BTD00001) |
| Type | biotech |
| Description | Dornase alfa is a biosynthetic form of human deoxyribunuclease I (DNase I) enzyme. It is produced in genetically modified Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells using recombinant DNA technology. The 260-amino acid sequence of dornase alfa is identical to the endogenous human enzyme. Dornase alfa cleaves extracellular DNA to 5?-phosphodinucleotide and 5?-phosphooligonucleotide end products without affecting intracellular DNA. In individuals with cystic fibrosis, extracellular DNA, which is an extremely viscous anion, is released by degenerating leukocytes that accumulate during inflammatory responses to infections. Enzymatic breakdown of this extracellular DNA appears to reduce sputum viscosity and viscoelasticity. |
| Structure |
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| Categories (*) | |
| Molecular Weight | 29253.9000 |
| Groups | approved |
| Monoisotopic Weight | Not Available |
| Pharmacology | |
| Indication | Used as adjunct therapy in the treatment of cystic fibrosis. |
| Mechanism of action | Dornase alfa is a biosynthetic form of human DNase I. The enzyme is involved in endonucleolytic cleavage of extracellular DNA to 5?-phosphodinucleotide and 5?-phosphooligonucleotide end products. It has no effect on intracellular DNA. Optimal activity is dependent on the presence of divalent cations such as calcium and magnesium. Extracellular DNA is a viscous anionic polymer and its breakdown appears to improve the viscosity and viscoelasticity of purulent sputum of individuals with CF. |
| Absorption | Systemic absorption undetectable following administration by inhalation. |
| Protein binding | Not Available |
| Biotransformation | Not Available |
| Route of elimination | Not Available |
| Toxicity | Adverse reactions occur at a frequency of < 1/1000 and are usually mild and transient in nature. Reported adverse effects include chest pain (pleuritic/non-cardiac), fever, dyspepsia, voice alteration (hoarseness), pharyngitis, dyspnea, laryngitis, rhinitis, decreased lung function, rash, urticaria, and conjunctivitis. |
| Affected organisms |
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| Interactions | |
| Drug Interactions | Not Available |
| Food Interactions | Not Available |
Targets
Predictions
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